BIOLOGY 211 EXAM 1 LATEST
- IOWA STATE
UNIVERSITY
What colors do Gram negative and Gram positive stain? How does the
Gram negative cell wall differ from the Gram positive cell wall? -
ANSWERS--Gram Negative: Pink, thin peptidoglycan layer
-Gram Positive: Purple, thick peptidoglycan layer
What two things do ALL organisms need, metabolically? Compare and
contrast phototrophs, chemoorganotrophs, chemolithotrophs, autotrophs
and heterotrophs. - ANSWERS-All organisms need energy and carbon.
- Phototrophs: from sunlight
- Chemolithotrophs: from organic molecules
- Chemolithotrophs: from inorganic molecules
- Autotrophs: self synthesized from simple molecules
- Hetertrophs: from molecules produced by other organisms.
Are energy sources electron donors or acceptors? In aerobic respiration,
is oxygen the electron donor or acceptor. Explain. - ANSWERS-Energy
sources are electron acceptors. Anaerobic respiration is the formation of
ATP without oxygen, which is the donor instead of the acceptor.
END OF
PAGE
1
,BIOLOGY 211 EXAM 1 LATEST
- IOWA STATE
UNIVERSITY
How is energy generated in an electron transport chain? Why is a
membrane required to generate ATP? What do we mean by "bacteria
have a diversity of electron donors and acceptors" (refer to table 26.3) -
ANSWERS-1. As electrons pass from complex to complex they power
the movement of hydrogen atoms into the intermembrane space. The
number of hydrogen atoms will build up and flow back to the matrix
simultaneously powering the production of ATP. At the end of the chain,
the electrons are taken up by oxygen molecules to make water. The
membranes are required because only certain molecules are allowed
inside, making the process very important.
What are three different types of photosynthesis that bacteria are capable
of completing? How does oxygenic photosynthesis differ from
anoxygenic photosynthesis? - ANSWERS--Photophosphorylation,
oxygenic photosynthesis, and anoxygenic photosynthesis.
The main difference between oxygenic and anoxygenic photosynthesis
is that oxygenic photosynthesis produces oxygen as a byproduct wheras
anoxygenic photosynthesis does not produce oxygen as a byproduct.
What synapormorphy defines ALL Eukaryotes (and is unique to
Eukaryotes)? - ANSWERS-Compartmentalized organelles
END OF
PAGE
2
, BIOLOGY 211 EXAM 1 LATEST
- IOWA STATE
UNIVERSITY
Do protists make up a monophyletic or paraphyletic group? Explain. Is
there a synapormorphy that defines protists? - ANSWERS-Protists are
not a monophyletic and there are not synapomorphies that define
protists.
Diagram the life cycle of Plasmodium. Indicate the sexual and asexual
stages of this life cycle. Which stage (sexual or asexual) increases the
diversity of the offspring produced? Which stage greatly increases the
total number of offspring produced? What disease does Plasmodium
cause? What is the global impact of this disease? - ANSWERS-The
sexual stage increases the diversity of the offspring produced.
The asexual stage increases the total number of offspring produced.
Plasmodium causes malaria.
In 2016, an estimated 445,600 people died of malaria.
What protist is responsible for algal blooms (aka "Red Tides")? How do
these blooms affect humans? - ANSWERS-Dinoflagelletes, can be lethal
to humans.
END OF
PAGE
3
- IOWA STATE
UNIVERSITY
What colors do Gram negative and Gram positive stain? How does the
Gram negative cell wall differ from the Gram positive cell wall? -
ANSWERS--Gram Negative: Pink, thin peptidoglycan layer
-Gram Positive: Purple, thick peptidoglycan layer
What two things do ALL organisms need, metabolically? Compare and
contrast phototrophs, chemoorganotrophs, chemolithotrophs, autotrophs
and heterotrophs. - ANSWERS-All organisms need energy and carbon.
- Phototrophs: from sunlight
- Chemolithotrophs: from organic molecules
- Chemolithotrophs: from inorganic molecules
- Autotrophs: self synthesized from simple molecules
- Hetertrophs: from molecules produced by other organisms.
Are energy sources electron donors or acceptors? In aerobic respiration,
is oxygen the electron donor or acceptor. Explain. - ANSWERS-Energy
sources are electron acceptors. Anaerobic respiration is the formation of
ATP without oxygen, which is the donor instead of the acceptor.
END OF
PAGE
1
,BIOLOGY 211 EXAM 1 LATEST
- IOWA STATE
UNIVERSITY
How is energy generated in an electron transport chain? Why is a
membrane required to generate ATP? What do we mean by "bacteria
have a diversity of electron donors and acceptors" (refer to table 26.3) -
ANSWERS-1. As electrons pass from complex to complex they power
the movement of hydrogen atoms into the intermembrane space. The
number of hydrogen atoms will build up and flow back to the matrix
simultaneously powering the production of ATP. At the end of the chain,
the electrons are taken up by oxygen molecules to make water. The
membranes are required because only certain molecules are allowed
inside, making the process very important.
What are three different types of photosynthesis that bacteria are capable
of completing? How does oxygenic photosynthesis differ from
anoxygenic photosynthesis? - ANSWERS--Photophosphorylation,
oxygenic photosynthesis, and anoxygenic photosynthesis.
The main difference between oxygenic and anoxygenic photosynthesis
is that oxygenic photosynthesis produces oxygen as a byproduct wheras
anoxygenic photosynthesis does not produce oxygen as a byproduct.
What synapormorphy defines ALL Eukaryotes (and is unique to
Eukaryotes)? - ANSWERS-Compartmentalized organelles
END OF
PAGE
2
, BIOLOGY 211 EXAM 1 LATEST
- IOWA STATE
UNIVERSITY
Do protists make up a monophyletic or paraphyletic group? Explain. Is
there a synapormorphy that defines protists? - ANSWERS-Protists are
not a monophyletic and there are not synapomorphies that define
protists.
Diagram the life cycle of Plasmodium. Indicate the sexual and asexual
stages of this life cycle. Which stage (sexual or asexual) increases the
diversity of the offspring produced? Which stage greatly increases the
total number of offspring produced? What disease does Plasmodium
cause? What is the global impact of this disease? - ANSWERS-The
sexual stage increases the diversity of the offspring produced.
The asexual stage increases the total number of offspring produced.
Plasmodium causes malaria.
In 2016, an estimated 445,600 people died of malaria.
What protist is responsible for algal blooms (aka "Red Tides")? How do
these blooms affect humans? - ANSWERS-Dinoflagelletes, can be lethal
to humans.
END OF
PAGE
3
