Microbiologie: Medische Bacteriologie Hoofdstuk 8 en 9
Inhoud
8. Interactie mens-microbe........................................................................................................................................................3
1. Microbiota.........................................................................................................................................................................3
Interacties met gastheer:...................................................................................................................................................3
Impact................................................................................................................................................................................ 3
2. Pathogene micro-organismen............................................................................................................................................3
Type infecties..................................................................................................................................................................... 4
Acute infectie.................................................................................................................................................................4
Chronische, langdurige infectie......................................................................................................................................4
Opportunistische infectie...............................................................................................................................................4
Nosocomiale/ hospital-acquired infectie.......................................................................................................................4
Community acquired infectie.........................................................................................................................................4
3. Gastheerdefensiemechanismen.........................................................................................................................................4
4. Transmissie........................................................................................................................................................................5
5. Virulentiemechanismen.....................................................................................................................................................5
5.1 Adhesie........................................................................................................................................................................5
5.2 Invasie.......................................................................................................................................................................... 6
5.3 Ontwijking immuunrespons.........................................................................................................................................6
5.4 Toxines......................................................................................................................................................................... 7
Endotoxines................................................................................................................................................................... 7
Exotoxines......................................................................................................................................................................7
5.5 Andere virulentiemechanismen...................................................................................................................................7
9. Bacteriën/ infecties gerelateerd met huid.............................................................................................................................9
1. Huid als habitat..................................................................................................................................................................9
2. Huidmicrobiota..................................................................................................................................................................9
3. Infecties via huid................................................................................................................................................................ 9
3.1 Staphylococcus............................................................................................................................................................. 9
Staphylococci (S. epidermis)...........................................................................................................................................9
Staphylococcus aureus.................................................................................................................................................10
3.2 Clostridium................................................................................................................................................................. 13
Clostridium perfringens................................................................................................................................................13
Infecties........................................................................................................................................................................ 14
Clostridium tetani........................................................................................................................................................ 15
3.3 Bacillus....................................................................................................................................................................... 16
1
,2
, 8. Interactie mens-microbe
1. Microbiota
= verzameling van microbe (B, fungi, virussen, …) in bepaalde biologische niche
Gezonde persoon: buitenkant= kolonisatie huid, Inwendig= B vrij
- Commensalen (leven mee met dier)
- Transiënte B (tijdelijk op lichaam)
- Opportunistische B (infectie/ inefficiënt immuunsysteem/ beschadiging barrière)
Weefseltropisme= bepaalde B gelinkt aan bepaalde weefsels
Interacties met gastheer:
- Commensalisme: voordeel van beide, geen nadeel voor andere
- Mutualisme: voordeel voor beide
- Parasitisme: ten koste van gastheer
Impact
- Kolinsatieresistentie door:
o Competitieve binding/voeding
o Productie spec metaboliet die groei van pathogeen inhibeert
- Immuniteit verhogen
o Inductie kruisreactieve stoffen
o Ontwikkeling bepaalde organen (Peyerse platen in dunne darm, blinde darm)
- Vitamine productie (B, K2)
- …
2. Pathogene micro-organismen
Pathogeen= gekenmerkt door virulentie (bezit capaciteit om infectie te veroorzaken maar niet noodzakelijk)
Virulentie= mate waarin micro-organisme onfectie kan veroorzaken afhankelijk van B en gastheer
3
Inhoud
8. Interactie mens-microbe........................................................................................................................................................3
1. Microbiota.........................................................................................................................................................................3
Interacties met gastheer:...................................................................................................................................................3
Impact................................................................................................................................................................................ 3
2. Pathogene micro-organismen............................................................................................................................................3
Type infecties..................................................................................................................................................................... 4
Acute infectie.................................................................................................................................................................4
Chronische, langdurige infectie......................................................................................................................................4
Opportunistische infectie...............................................................................................................................................4
Nosocomiale/ hospital-acquired infectie.......................................................................................................................4
Community acquired infectie.........................................................................................................................................4
3. Gastheerdefensiemechanismen.........................................................................................................................................4
4. Transmissie........................................................................................................................................................................5
5. Virulentiemechanismen.....................................................................................................................................................5
5.1 Adhesie........................................................................................................................................................................5
5.2 Invasie.......................................................................................................................................................................... 6
5.3 Ontwijking immuunrespons.........................................................................................................................................6
5.4 Toxines......................................................................................................................................................................... 7
Endotoxines................................................................................................................................................................... 7
Exotoxines......................................................................................................................................................................7
5.5 Andere virulentiemechanismen...................................................................................................................................7
9. Bacteriën/ infecties gerelateerd met huid.............................................................................................................................9
1. Huid als habitat..................................................................................................................................................................9
2. Huidmicrobiota..................................................................................................................................................................9
3. Infecties via huid................................................................................................................................................................ 9
3.1 Staphylococcus............................................................................................................................................................. 9
Staphylococci (S. epidermis)...........................................................................................................................................9
Staphylococcus aureus.................................................................................................................................................10
3.2 Clostridium................................................................................................................................................................. 13
Clostridium perfringens................................................................................................................................................13
Infecties........................................................................................................................................................................ 14
Clostridium tetani........................................................................................................................................................ 15
3.3 Bacillus....................................................................................................................................................................... 16
1
,2
, 8. Interactie mens-microbe
1. Microbiota
= verzameling van microbe (B, fungi, virussen, …) in bepaalde biologische niche
Gezonde persoon: buitenkant= kolonisatie huid, Inwendig= B vrij
- Commensalen (leven mee met dier)
- Transiënte B (tijdelijk op lichaam)
- Opportunistische B (infectie/ inefficiënt immuunsysteem/ beschadiging barrière)
Weefseltropisme= bepaalde B gelinkt aan bepaalde weefsels
Interacties met gastheer:
- Commensalisme: voordeel van beide, geen nadeel voor andere
- Mutualisme: voordeel voor beide
- Parasitisme: ten koste van gastheer
Impact
- Kolinsatieresistentie door:
o Competitieve binding/voeding
o Productie spec metaboliet die groei van pathogeen inhibeert
- Immuniteit verhogen
o Inductie kruisreactieve stoffen
o Ontwikkeling bepaalde organen (Peyerse platen in dunne darm, blinde darm)
- Vitamine productie (B, K2)
- …
2. Pathogene micro-organismen
Pathogeen= gekenmerkt door virulentie (bezit capaciteit om infectie te veroorzaken maar niet noodzakelijk)
Virulentie= mate waarin micro-organisme onfectie kan veroorzaken afhankelijk van B en gastheer
3
