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PHILOSOPHIES AND THEORIES FOR ADVANCED NURSING
PRACTICE 4TH EDITION /ALL CHAPTERS 1-26
Chapter 1 – Philosophy of Science: An Introduction
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1. Why are natural sciences also referred to as “pure” sciences?
A. They are considered stand-alone bodies of unique knowledge.
B. They are the only sciences to which the scientific method can be applied.
C. They are the original sciences upon which all others are based.
D. They are not affected by subjectivity in the way other sciences are.
Accurate answer:-A
2. Which is not an example of an applied science as used in health care today?
A. Social work
B. Psychotherapy
C. Examination of care disparitiesD.
Pathology
Accurate answer:-D
3. Roberta firmly believes that individual experiences are the source of all knowledge in theworld. As
a scientist, she acknowledges her role as a participant in the experiments she performs and does
consider herself merely a disconnected observer of phenomenon.
Roberta’s views are most closTeE
lySrT
efB
leA
ctN
ivKe SoE
fL
whLiE
chRs.chCoOoM
l of scientific thought?
A. Natural Science
B. Human Science
C. Applied Science
D. Soft Science
Accurate answer:-B
4. What is the ultimate goal of the scientific method?
A. Application of scientific results to a related body of knowledge in order to meet sometype of
human need.
B. Examination of the decisions made by a scientist to understand the ways in which
subjectivity was introduced to the experiment.
C. Reproducible experimental results that do not take researcher individuality into account.
D. Improving the situation or process used in the experiment to yield more accurate results
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in repeat experiments.
Accurate answer:-C
5. Which of the following best describes the aim of natural sciences?
A. Affirmation of the importance of cultural understanding by uncovering the commonsubjective
biases of different disciplines.
B. Improvement of the quality of life by understanding what helps people maximize theirfunctional
abilities.
C. Utilization of knowledge by applying it to a specific aim in order to better a situationor change
viewpoints.
D. Development of knowledge for the sake of developing knowledge, discovering truth, andcontrolling
outcomes.
Accurate answer:-D
6. Gretchen and Peter are graduate students in the same Physics lab. Their supervisor has asked
both of them to perform the same experiment using the same procedure and equipment. After
they’ve both completed their task, the compare their results and discoverthat they are nearly
identical. Which of the five criteria for science does Gretchen and
Peter’s discovery exemplify?
A. Intersubjective testability
B. Reliability
C. Definiteness and precision
D. Coherence
Accurate answer:-A
7. Which statement does not describe a general characteristic of philosophy?
A. Thinking for the sake of thinking.
B. Utilization of process and outcome.
C. Demarcation of wholeness and holism.
D. Application of epistemology and ontology.
Accurate answer:-C
8. Repetitive patterns of behavior dictated by past experiences is an example of which sourceof
knowledge?
A. Doctrine
B. Common sense
C. Tradition
D. Authority
Accurate
answer:-C
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9. Francisco is a chemist who rigidly applies the scientific method to all that he does, whether in the
lab or out of it, and strongly believes that all relationships are governed by cause and effect. He sees
little need for subjectivity in any area of his life, believing insteadthat the world is an external concept
completely independent of individual thoughts or desires. Which philosophical school best describes
Francisco’s outlook on the world?
A. Phenomenology B.
Logical positivism
C. Hermeneutics
D. Post-structuralism
Accurate answer:-B
10. Which statement would an adherent of the perceived view most likely make?
A. “Observation is completely unbiased.”
B. “Descriptive law is the gold standard of science.”
C. “Individual phenomenon make up the whole that is the universe.”D.
“Theories are neither right nor wrong.”
Accurate answer:-D
11. Which philosophy subscribes to the idea that the universe is a whole made of interrelated
parts?
A. Logical positivism
B. Chaos and Complexity
C. Post-Structuralism
D. Hermeneutics
Accurate answer:-
B
PHILOSOPHIES AND THEORIES FOR ADVANCED NURSING
PRACTICE 4TH EDITION /ALL CHAPTERS 1-26
Chapter 1 – Philosophy of Science: An Introduction
, TESTBANKSELLER.COM
1. Why are natural sciences also referred to as “pure” sciences?
A. They are considered stand-alone bodies of unique knowledge.
B. They are the only sciences to which the scientific method can be applied.
C. They are the original sciences upon which all others are based.
D. They are not affected by subjectivity in the way other sciences are.
Accurate answer:-A
2. Which is not an example of an applied science as used in health care today?
A. Social work
B. Psychotherapy
C. Examination of care disparitiesD.
Pathology
Accurate answer:-D
3. Roberta firmly believes that individual experiences are the source of all knowledge in theworld. As
a scientist, she acknowledges her role as a participant in the experiments she performs and does
consider herself merely a disconnected observer of phenomenon.
Roberta’s views are most closTeE
lySrT
efB
leA
ctN
ivKe SoE
fL
whLiE
chRs.chCoOoM
l of scientific thought?
A. Natural Science
B. Human Science
C. Applied Science
D. Soft Science
Accurate answer:-B
4. What is the ultimate goal of the scientific method?
A. Application of scientific results to a related body of knowledge in order to meet sometype of
human need.
B. Examination of the decisions made by a scientist to understand the ways in which
subjectivity was introduced to the experiment.
C. Reproducible experimental results that do not take researcher individuality into account.
D. Improving the situation or process used in the experiment to yield more accurate results
, TESTBANKSELLER.COM
in repeat experiments.
Accurate answer:-C
5. Which of the following best describes the aim of natural sciences?
A. Affirmation of the importance of cultural understanding by uncovering the commonsubjective
biases of different disciplines.
B. Improvement of the quality of life by understanding what helps people maximize theirfunctional
abilities.
C. Utilization of knowledge by applying it to a specific aim in order to better a situationor change
viewpoints.
D. Development of knowledge for the sake of developing knowledge, discovering truth, andcontrolling
outcomes.
Accurate answer:-D
6. Gretchen and Peter are graduate students in the same Physics lab. Their supervisor has asked
both of them to perform the same experiment using the same procedure and equipment. After
they’ve both completed their task, the compare their results and discoverthat they are nearly
identical. Which of the five criteria for science does Gretchen and
Peter’s discovery exemplify?
A. Intersubjective testability
B. Reliability
C. Definiteness and precision
D. Coherence
Accurate answer:-A
7. Which statement does not describe a general characteristic of philosophy?
A. Thinking for the sake of thinking.
B. Utilization of process and outcome.
C. Demarcation of wholeness and holism.
D. Application of epistemology and ontology.
Accurate answer:-C
8. Repetitive patterns of behavior dictated by past experiences is an example of which sourceof
knowledge?
A. Doctrine
B. Common sense
C. Tradition
D. Authority
Accurate
answer:-C
, TESTBANKSELLER.COM
9. Francisco is a chemist who rigidly applies the scientific method to all that he does, whether in the
lab or out of it, and strongly believes that all relationships are governed by cause and effect. He sees
little need for subjectivity in any area of his life, believing insteadthat the world is an external concept
completely independent of individual thoughts or desires. Which philosophical school best describes
Francisco’s outlook on the world?
A. Phenomenology B.
Logical positivism
C. Hermeneutics
D. Post-structuralism
Accurate answer:-B
10. Which statement would an adherent of the perceived view most likely make?
A. “Observation is completely unbiased.”
B. “Descriptive law is the gold standard of science.”
C. “Individual phenomenon make up the whole that is the universe.”D.
“Theories are neither right nor wrong.”
Accurate answer:-D
11. Which philosophy subscribes to the idea that the universe is a whole made of interrelated
parts?
A. Logical positivism
B. Chaos and Complexity
C. Post-Structuralism
D. Hermeneutics
Accurate answer:-
B
