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In attempting to understand the life perspectives and characteristics of their clients, some counselors
use Kohlberg's theory of moral development as a theoretical framework. These counselors know that
Kohlberg's theory includes three progressive levels culminating in: Correct answer-principled
thought, wherein the individual adopts a self-accepted set of standards of behavior
A professional counselor determines fees for monthly consultation services on a job-by-job basis.
This is an example of which of the following types of reinforcement schedules? Correct answer-
variable ratio
Research on the development of a person in a so-called "humanistic life outlook" has shown that it is
facilitated by Correct answer-formal educational experiences.
observational learning experiences.
& diverse interpersonal interactions
When persons who are characteristically shy and withdrawn participate in "assertiveness training,"
initially they experience uncertainty and self-doubt. Counselors refer to this social psychological
concept as: Correct answer-cognitive dissonance
"Men (used here to mean all people) are distributed not by things, but by the view which they take
of them." This quote, attribute to Epictetus, most closely describes the counseling theory developed
by Correct answer-Ellis
The counseling technique in which the counselor intensifies the client's emotional state in order to
help the client understand the irrationality of the emotional reaction is known as Correct answer-
paradoxical intention
Counselors know that groups are formed for different purposes. For example, in some groups the
primary goal is to yield some specified outcome, or "product," while in others the primary goal is to
focus on the "process" of interaction within the group. Which of the following types of groups is
more product than process oriented?B Correct answer-behavioral
In the context of group counseling, members that are high in conformity also tend to be high in
Correct answer-authoritarianism
A counselor who structures a career counseling group to help group members understand a "fields
and levels" approach to careers is following the theory of Correct answer-Roe
The concept of "career maturity" has been described and researched most extensively by Correct
answer-Crites
Person A and Person B both took the same test. Person A got a score of 100 while Person B got a
score of 75. In order for a counselor to determine whether the difference between their scores was
because of "chance," the counselor would need to know which of the following characteristics
Correct answer-Standard error or measurement
, A counselor conducted a study intended to evaluate the effectiveness of ongoing group career
counseling on the vocational maturity of high school sophomores. The study was begun in
September and continued until June. This study is particularly susceptible to which of the following
threats to the validity of an experiment? Correct answer-maturation
A counselor designs a study where two experimental groups and one control group complete pre-
and post- experiment measures of self-concept. The subjects were not randomly assigned to the
groups because of scheduling problems. Which of the following techniques is MOST appropriate for
analyzing the resultant data? Correct answer-analysis of covariance
You have been providing career counseling to a client who is seeking employment. Concurrent with
the counseling , and with your knowledge, the client has made application for employment with
several employers. A potential employer calls you and asks for your opinion as to your client's
suitability for the employer's job opening. Under which of the following conditions are you free (i.e.,
not in violation of professional ethics), to provide the information requested. Correct answer-none
of the above
As applied to professional licensure of counselors, the term "reciprocity" means that: Correct
answer-one licensing agency agrees to accept the licensing standards of another as sufficient for its
own.
Susie is playing with blocks and is trying to build a tower; she tries but cannot build a tower. Susie's
mother helps her build a four-block tower. Later, Susie builds a four-block tower without her
mother's help. According to Vygotsky, the inability to build the tower on
her own is known as: Correct answer-
The main function of early counselors was Correct answer-vocational guidance
A counselor is not bound by confidentiality when Correct answer-the client's condition indicates
danger to self or others
The Texas LPC Act Correct answer-constitutes the legal basis for licensure requirements for
professional counselors in private practice only.
A member of the local clergy telephones and asks for your evaluation of the moral values of a person
whom the caller knows was one of your clients. The caller wants your opinion because the former
client is an applicant to a theological institution for
which the caller is the local applicant evaluator. You should Correct answer-inform the caller that
you need to call the former client and obtain the client's permission before you can express your
opinions.
You are conducting a community education class for the mental health center for which you work.
One of the participants approaches you during the break to inquire about individual counseling with
you. Since you do have a small private practice , you Correct answer-tell the client to call your
agency's intake department to schedule an appointment.
When is becomes obvious that a client's wishes are in direct conflict with your own value system, as
an ethical counselor, you should Correct answer-explain your difficulty to the client and refer him
or her to another counselor