FLUID/ELECTROLYTES EXAM 2025
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Intracellular fluid - ANS Makes up 40% of body weight. Makes up 2/3 of fluids found in body.
Extracellular fluid - ANS Composed of intravascular fluid (plasma), interstitial fluid, and
transcellular fluid.
Intravascular fluid - ANS Fluid found in the bloodstream
Interstitial fluid - ANS Fluid found in the potential space between cells.
Transcellular flud - ANS Fluid found in special compartments such as the eyes, spinal column,
joints, and GI fluids.
The 4 types of fluid movement: - ANS Osmosis
Diffusion
Active Transport
Filtration
Osmolality - ANS The concentration of the solutes in body fluids.
Solutes - ANS Substances dissolved in liquids.
Isotonic Solution - ANS A solution with the same concentration of solutes.
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, Hypertonic/ hyperosmolar solution - ANS A solution that has high amounts of solute, and low
amounts of H2O.
Hypotonic/hypoosmolar solution - ANS A solution that has low amounts of solute and high
amounts of H2O, like water.
Normal fluid intake (in ml) - ANS 2,000-3,000 ml per day.
Kidneys - ANS The ___ are the primary output organ for fluid.
Skin, lungs, GI tract, perspiration - ANS Other output mechanisms for fluid are:
Antidiuretic Hormone - ANS A hormone that acts on nephrons to retain water in response to
thirst, stress, nausea, nicotine, and morphine. It's produced by the hypothalmus and delivered
by the pituitary gland.
Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone-Soduim (RAAS) - ANS An ace inhibitor that is activated in
response to renal perfusion. It promotes sodium and water retention.
Sodium - ANS Most fluid imbalances are connected in some way to ____ imbalance.
Hypervolemia - ANS Caused by increased intake of water or increased sodium intake leading
to increased fluid retention and overload.
Hypervolemia - ANS With ____, fluid backs up into the lungs from the left side of the heart.
Nursing activities for Hypervolemia: - ANS Restrict fluid and/or sodium.
Diuretics
Maintain oxygenation
2 Copyright ©2025 BRAINBARTER ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Intracellular fluid - ANS Makes up 40% of body weight. Makes up 2/3 of fluids found in body.
Extracellular fluid - ANS Composed of intravascular fluid (plasma), interstitial fluid, and
transcellular fluid.
Intravascular fluid - ANS Fluid found in the bloodstream
Interstitial fluid - ANS Fluid found in the potential space between cells.
Transcellular flud - ANS Fluid found in special compartments such as the eyes, spinal column,
joints, and GI fluids.
The 4 types of fluid movement: - ANS Osmosis
Diffusion
Active Transport
Filtration
Osmolality - ANS The concentration of the solutes in body fluids.
Solutes - ANS Substances dissolved in liquids.
Isotonic Solution - ANS A solution with the same concentration of solutes.
1 Copyright ©2025 BRAINBARTER ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, Hypertonic/ hyperosmolar solution - ANS A solution that has high amounts of solute, and low
amounts of H2O.
Hypotonic/hypoosmolar solution - ANS A solution that has low amounts of solute and high
amounts of H2O, like water.
Normal fluid intake (in ml) - ANS 2,000-3,000 ml per day.
Kidneys - ANS The ___ are the primary output organ for fluid.
Skin, lungs, GI tract, perspiration - ANS Other output mechanisms for fluid are:
Antidiuretic Hormone - ANS A hormone that acts on nephrons to retain water in response to
thirst, stress, nausea, nicotine, and morphine. It's produced by the hypothalmus and delivered
by the pituitary gland.
Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone-Soduim (RAAS) - ANS An ace inhibitor that is activated in
response to renal perfusion. It promotes sodium and water retention.
Sodium - ANS Most fluid imbalances are connected in some way to ____ imbalance.
Hypervolemia - ANS Caused by increased intake of water or increased sodium intake leading
to increased fluid retention and overload.
Hypervolemia - ANS With ____, fluid backs up into the lungs from the left side of the heart.
Nursing activities for Hypervolemia: - ANS Restrict fluid and/or sodium.
Diuretics
Maintain oxygenation
2 Copyright ©2025 BRAINBARTER ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
