PSY 368 EXAM 3 NEWEST 2024 ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
To effectively reduce the chances of relapse of depressive symptoms, patients should: - (answer)
continue to take tricyclics after they are symptom-free.
What are two the key emotions in mood disorders? - (answer) Depression and mania
Depression - (answer) Low, sad state in which life seems dark and its challenges overwhelming
Mania - (answer) State of breathless euphoria or frenzied energy
UNIPOLAR DEPRESSION - (answer) Only depression, No history of mania
BIPOLAR DISORDERS - (answer) Periods of mania alternate with periods of depression
Major Depressive Episode - (answer) 1. For a 2-week period, person displays an increase in depressed
mood for the majority of each day and/or a decrease in enjoyment or interest across most activities for
the majority of each day. 2. For the same 2 weeks, person also experiences at least three or four of the
following symptoms: (Considerable weight change or appetite change, Daily insomnia or hypersomnia,
Daily agitation or decrease in motor activity, Daily fatigue or lethargy, Daily feelings of worthlessness or
excessive guilt, Daily reduction in concentration or decisiveness, Repeated focus on death or suicide, a
suicide plan, or a suicide attempt) 3. Significant distress or impairment
Major Depressive Disorder - (answer) Presence of a major depressive episode, No pattern of mania or
hypomania. More common in lower SES. Mean age of onset is 26 years
Persistent Depressive Disorder - (answer) Person experiences the symptoms of Major Depressive
Disorder for at least 2 years, During the 2-year period, symptoms not absent for more than 2 months at a
time, No history of mania or hypomania, Significant distress or impairment.
Major Depressive Disorder Subtypes - (answer) seasonal, peripartum, premenstrual dysphoric
Seasonal Depressive Disorder - (answer) Onset and remission of depression occurs during certain times
of the year, Usually begin in winter and end in spring, Excessive sleep and weight gain, Treated with light
therapy
,PSY 368 EXAM 3 NEWEST 2024 ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
Peripartum Depressive Disorder - (answer) Symptoms of peripartum depression begin during
pregnancy or up to 4 weeks following childbirth, Associated with dramatic hormonal changes, One
episode strongly predicts future episodes with future deliveries
PREMENSTRUAL DYSPHORIC DISORDER - (answer) Symptoms similar to major depressive disorder but
occur just before and during menses, Also may experience significant irritability/anger, anxiety/tension,
and mood swings, Highly debated whether this should be considered a DSM diagnosis
Major Depressive Disorder is the most common psychiatric disorder worldwide, affecting about 18% of
adults in their lifetime - (answer) True
Women are twice as likely to suffer from major depression than men but there are equal rates among
boys and girls until adolescence - (answer) True
Biological Causes of Depression - (answer) Twin studies and family studies support genetic cause,
Dysregulation of serotonin and norepinephrine, Stress hormones, such as cortisol
Researchers believe that the brain circuit involved in unipolar depression includes - (answer) Prefrontal
cortex, Hippocampus, Amygdala, Brodmann Area 25
Antidepressant drugs - (answer) MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS (MAOIs), TRICYCLICS, SELECTIVE
SEROTONIN REUPTAKE INHIBITORS (SSRIs). Take 2-4 weeks to work, Different side-effect profiles, All are
about 65% effective
Second-generation antidepressants. - (answer) SELECTIVE SEROTONIN REUPTAKE INHIBITORS (SSRIs)
ELECTROCONVULSIVE THERAPY (ECT) - (answer) Targeted electrical stimulation to the brain to cause a
seizure, 6-12 treatments, spaced over 2-4 weeks, Most common side effects are temporary memory loss
and short-term confusion
Brain stimulation - (answer) VAGUS NERVE STIMULATION, TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION,
DEEP BRAIN STIMULATION
, PSY 368 EXAM 3 NEWEST 2024 ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
Psychological Causes of Depression - (answer) Stressful life events commonly precede first episode of
depression, Depressed people receive fewer social rewards (behavioral perspective), Learned
helplessness, Negative thinking and the cognitive triad
What is the behavioral perspective and treatment for psychological causes of depression? - (answer)
Depressed people receive fewer social rewards, Treatment focused on behavioral activation
Dichotomous or "all or nothing" thinking - (answer) thinking in "all or nothing" terms. If I can't do it
perfectly - I should just quit
Overgeneralizing - (answer) condemning yourself as a total person on the basis of a single event. "I got
a C on a psychology test - I will never be a psychologist"
Selective thinking - (answer) concentrating on your weakness and forgetting your strengths. "it does
not matter that I am a good singer. I cannot dance or act"
Catastrophizing - (answer) only paying attention to the dark side of things, or overestimating the
chances of disaster. "I didn't get into an Ivy league school. I'll never have a decent career"
Personalizing - (answer) taking things personally that have little or nothing to do with you "jenny is so
quiet. She must be really angry with me."
Personal ineffectiveness - (answer) assuming you can do nothing to change your situation. "jack always
criticizes me. I wish he would quit."
Cognitive Therapy - (answer) Increase activities, Challenge automatic thoughts using thought records
Sociocultural Causes of Depression - (answer) Lack of social support, cultures, gender explanations
Higher rates of recurrence of depression in - (answer) Hispanic Americans and African Americans
To effectively reduce the chances of relapse of depressive symptoms, patients should: - (answer)
continue to take tricyclics after they are symptom-free.
What are two the key emotions in mood disorders? - (answer) Depression and mania
Depression - (answer) Low, sad state in which life seems dark and its challenges overwhelming
Mania - (answer) State of breathless euphoria or frenzied energy
UNIPOLAR DEPRESSION - (answer) Only depression, No history of mania
BIPOLAR DISORDERS - (answer) Periods of mania alternate with periods of depression
Major Depressive Episode - (answer) 1. For a 2-week period, person displays an increase in depressed
mood for the majority of each day and/or a decrease in enjoyment or interest across most activities for
the majority of each day. 2. For the same 2 weeks, person also experiences at least three or four of the
following symptoms: (Considerable weight change or appetite change, Daily insomnia or hypersomnia,
Daily agitation or decrease in motor activity, Daily fatigue or lethargy, Daily feelings of worthlessness or
excessive guilt, Daily reduction in concentration or decisiveness, Repeated focus on death or suicide, a
suicide plan, or a suicide attempt) 3. Significant distress or impairment
Major Depressive Disorder - (answer) Presence of a major depressive episode, No pattern of mania or
hypomania. More common in lower SES. Mean age of onset is 26 years
Persistent Depressive Disorder - (answer) Person experiences the symptoms of Major Depressive
Disorder for at least 2 years, During the 2-year period, symptoms not absent for more than 2 months at a
time, No history of mania or hypomania, Significant distress or impairment.
Major Depressive Disorder Subtypes - (answer) seasonal, peripartum, premenstrual dysphoric
Seasonal Depressive Disorder - (answer) Onset and remission of depression occurs during certain times
of the year, Usually begin in winter and end in spring, Excessive sleep and weight gain, Treated with light
therapy
,PSY 368 EXAM 3 NEWEST 2024 ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
Peripartum Depressive Disorder - (answer) Symptoms of peripartum depression begin during
pregnancy or up to 4 weeks following childbirth, Associated with dramatic hormonal changes, One
episode strongly predicts future episodes with future deliveries
PREMENSTRUAL DYSPHORIC DISORDER - (answer) Symptoms similar to major depressive disorder but
occur just before and during menses, Also may experience significant irritability/anger, anxiety/tension,
and mood swings, Highly debated whether this should be considered a DSM diagnosis
Major Depressive Disorder is the most common psychiatric disorder worldwide, affecting about 18% of
adults in their lifetime - (answer) True
Women are twice as likely to suffer from major depression than men but there are equal rates among
boys and girls until adolescence - (answer) True
Biological Causes of Depression - (answer) Twin studies and family studies support genetic cause,
Dysregulation of serotonin and norepinephrine, Stress hormones, such as cortisol
Researchers believe that the brain circuit involved in unipolar depression includes - (answer) Prefrontal
cortex, Hippocampus, Amygdala, Brodmann Area 25
Antidepressant drugs - (answer) MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS (MAOIs), TRICYCLICS, SELECTIVE
SEROTONIN REUPTAKE INHIBITORS (SSRIs). Take 2-4 weeks to work, Different side-effect profiles, All are
about 65% effective
Second-generation antidepressants. - (answer) SELECTIVE SEROTONIN REUPTAKE INHIBITORS (SSRIs)
ELECTROCONVULSIVE THERAPY (ECT) - (answer) Targeted electrical stimulation to the brain to cause a
seizure, 6-12 treatments, spaced over 2-4 weeks, Most common side effects are temporary memory loss
and short-term confusion
Brain stimulation - (answer) VAGUS NERVE STIMULATION, TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION,
DEEP BRAIN STIMULATION
, PSY 368 EXAM 3 NEWEST 2024 ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
Psychological Causes of Depression - (answer) Stressful life events commonly precede first episode of
depression, Depressed people receive fewer social rewards (behavioral perspective), Learned
helplessness, Negative thinking and the cognitive triad
What is the behavioral perspective and treatment for psychological causes of depression? - (answer)
Depressed people receive fewer social rewards, Treatment focused on behavioral activation
Dichotomous or "all or nothing" thinking - (answer) thinking in "all or nothing" terms. If I can't do it
perfectly - I should just quit
Overgeneralizing - (answer) condemning yourself as a total person on the basis of a single event. "I got
a C on a psychology test - I will never be a psychologist"
Selective thinking - (answer) concentrating on your weakness and forgetting your strengths. "it does
not matter that I am a good singer. I cannot dance or act"
Catastrophizing - (answer) only paying attention to the dark side of things, or overestimating the
chances of disaster. "I didn't get into an Ivy league school. I'll never have a decent career"
Personalizing - (answer) taking things personally that have little or nothing to do with you "jenny is so
quiet. She must be really angry with me."
Personal ineffectiveness - (answer) assuming you can do nothing to change your situation. "jack always
criticizes me. I wish he would quit."
Cognitive Therapy - (answer) Increase activities, Challenge automatic thoughts using thought records
Sociocultural Causes of Depression - (answer) Lack of social support, cultures, gender explanations
Higher rates of recurrence of depression in - (answer) Hispanic Americans and African Americans
