HESI RN EXIT EXAM V1 2025 GRADED A+

1. A mother runs into the emergency department with a toddler in her arms and tells the nurse that her child got into some cleaning products. The child smells of chemicals on the hands, face, and on the front of the child's clothes. After ensuring the airway is patient, what action should the nurse implement FIRST? A. Assess child for altered sensorium B. Determine type of chemical exposure C. Obtain equipment for gastric lavage D. Call poising control emergency number - B. Determine type of chemical exposure 2. Which conditions are most likely to respond to treatment with antihistamines? (Select all that apply) A. Bronchitis B. Allergic Rhinitis C. Otitis media D. Contact dermatitis E. Myocarditis - B. Allergic Rhinitis D. Contact dermatitis 3. An older client's daughter calls the home health nurse and reports that her mother has become forgetful and is very confused at night. The daughter states that her mother's behavior changed suddenly a few days ago and is now getting worse. Which actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply) A. Ask if the mother is experiencing pain with urination B. Encourage increased intake of high protein foods C. Instruct the daughter to check her mother's temperature D. Review the clients current food and medication allergies E. Determine if the mother has recently empierced a fall - A. Ask if the mother is experiencing pain with urination C. Instruct the daughter to check her mother's temperature E. Determine if the mother has recently empierced a fall 4. The nurse is assessing a male client with a history of Addison's disease. The client has flu-like symptoms and nausea with vomiting over the past week. The client's spouse reports that he acted confused and was extremely weak when he awoke this morning. The client is febrile and has tachycardia. The healthcare provider diagnoses acute adrenal insufficiency. Which medications will MOST likely be prescribed? A. Hypotonic saline solution at 100mL/hr until all edema disappears B. Hydrocortisone 100mg IV every 6 hours until systolic BP reaches 110mmHg C. Potassium chloride 20 mEq IV to infuse over two hours until confusion resolves D. Regular insulin drip to keep blood glucose around 100mg/dL - B. Hydrocortisone 100mg IV every 6 hours until systolic BP reaches 110mmHg 5. A male client with a history of mitral valve prolapse is admitted because of fever and dyspnea on exertion, and is diagnosed with acute infective endocarditis. During the admission assessment, the nurse observes multiple areas petechiae on the clients skin. Which interventions should the nurse includes in the clients plan of care? (Select all that apply) A. Monitor cardiac rhythm via telemetry B. Report changes in pre-existing murmurs C. Schedule rest periods between activities D. Maintain record of fluid intake and output E. Initiate contact transmission precautions - A. Monitor cardiac rhythm via telemetry B. Report changes in pre-existing murmurs E. Initiate contact transmission precautions 6. The nurse is planning an educational session for new parents on ways to prevent sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Which information is MOST important to provide parents of newborns and infants? A. Remove pillows and soft toys from the crib at bedtime B. Keep a bulb syringe accessible for use for an infant C. Position the infant in a supine position while sleeping D. Do not prop bottles for an infant during naps and bedtime - C. Position the infant in a supine position while sleeping 7. The healthcare providers prescribes methylergonovine maleate for a postpartum client with uterine atony. What finding should indicate to the nurse to withhold the next dose of the medication? A. Hypertension B. Difficulty locating the uterine fundus C. Saturation of more than one pad per hour D. Excessive lochia - A. Hypertension 8. The nurse notes that an older adult client has a moist cough that increases in severity during and after meals. Based on this finding, which action should the nurse take? A. Collect a sputum specimen immediately B. Request a consultation to confirm dysphagia C. Offer the client additional clear liquids frequently D. Encourage client to do deep breathing exercises daily - B. Request a consultation to confirm dysphagia 9. A multiparous client who delivered her infant three hours ago asks the nurse if she can take a warm sitz bath because it helped reduce perineal pain after her last delivery. What action should the nurse implement? A. Use an analgesic spray to the perineal area to reduce pain B. Apply an ice pack to the perinium for the first 24 hours C. Teach the client how to practice kegal exercises D. Review the use of sitz bath equipment with the client - D. Review the use of sitz bath equipment with the client 10. When the parents of a 6-year old boy with a brain tumor are told that his condition is terminal, the mother shouts at the father, "This is your fault! It never would have happened if we had sought treatment sooner!" Which intervention is BEST for the nurse to implement? A. Refer the parents to the Chaplin to provide grief counseling B. Assure the parents that a terminal diagnosis was inevitable C. Tell the parents that blaming each other will not change the situation D. Explain to the parents that anger is a common response to grief - B. Assure the parents that a terminal diagnosis was inevitable 11. The wife of a newly-diagnosed client with Parkinson's disease asks the nurse if alternative or complimentary medical therapies might cure the disease. Which response should the nurse respond? A. Compile a list of alternative medications that are effective in curing Parkinson's disease B. Explain that there are no known conventional, alternative, or complimentary therapies that cure Parkinson's disease. C. Encourage the wife to ventilate her feelings about having a husband with Parkinson's disease D. Tell the wife that her husband's neurologist would known more about alternative treatments to cure Parkinsonism - B. Explain that there are no known conventional, alternative, or complimentary therapies that cure Parkinson's disease 12. The mother of a child with cerebral palsy (CP) asks the nurse if her child's impaired movements will worsen as the child grows. Which response provides the best explanation? A. Continued development of the brain lesions determines the child's outcome B. Brain damage with CP is not progressive but does have a variable course C. CP is one of the most common permanent physical disability in children D. Severe motor dysfunction determines the extent of successful habilitation - B. Brain damage with CP is not progressive but does have a variable course 13. The nurse is preparing a teaching plan for an older female client diagnosed with osteoporosis. Which expected outcome has the HIGHEST priority for this client? A. Identifies 2 treatments for constipation due to immobility B. Names 3 home safety hazards to be resolved immediately C. States 4 risk factors for the development of osteoporosis D. Lists 5 calcium-rich foods to be added to her daily diet - B. Names 3 home safety hazards to be resolved immediately 14. An IV antibiotic is prescribed for a client with a postoperative infection. The medication is to be administered in 4 divided doses. What schedule is BEST for administering this prescription? A. 1000, 1600, 2200, 0400 B. 0800, 1200, 1600, 2000 C. Administer with meals and a bedtime snack D. Give in equally divided doses during waking hours - A. 1000, 1600, 2200, 0400 15. A client recovering in the outpatient surgical unit after an endoscopic carpel tunnel release. The nurse assesses the client's vital signs, pain level, and dressing. Before discharging the client, which intervention should the nurse implement? A. Administer a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug for pain B. Check neurovascular status of the distal digits C. Change the dressing if drainage increases D. Position the arm in a sling for discharge - B. Check neurovascular status of the distal digits 16. An older client is admitted in respiratory distress secondary to heart failure (HF), coronary artery disease (CAD), hypertension (HTN), and atrial fibrillation. Which nursing problems should the nurse include in this client's plan of care? (Select all that apply) A. Fluid volume excess B. Decreased cardiac output C. Altered peripheral tissue perfusion D. Fluid volume deficit E. Fatigue - A. Fluid volume excess B. Decreased cardiac output C. Altered peripheral tissue perfusion E. Fatigue 17. The nurse is providing preoperative education for a Jewish client scheduled to receive a xenograft to promote burn healing. Which information should the nurse provide this client? A. As the burn heals, the graft permanently attaches B. Grafts are later removed by a debriding procedure C. Grafting increases the risk for bacterial infections D. The xenograft is taken from non-human sources - D. The xenograft is taken from non-human sources 18. A client is admitted with a severe asthma attack. For the last 3 hours the client has experienced increasing shortness of breath. Arterial blood gas results are: pH 7.22; PaCO2 55mmHg; HCO3 25 mEq/L. Which intervention should the nurse implement? A. Space care to provide periods of rest B. Instruct client to purse lip breathe C. Position client for maximum comfort D. Administer PRN dose of albuterol - D. Administer PRN dose of albuterol 19. After an unsuccessful resuscitation attempt, the nurse calls the family of the deceased. The family wish to see the body before it is taken to the funeral home. Which interventions should the nurse take to prepare the body before the family enters the room? (Select all that apply) A. Take out dentures and place in a labeled cup B. Apply a body shroud C. Place a small pillow under the head D. Remove resuscitation equipment from the room E. Gently close the eyes - C. Place a small pillow under the head D. Remove resuscitation equipment from the room E. Gently close the eyes 20. The nurse is preparing a client with an acoustic neuroma for a magnetic resonance image (MRI). Which client complaint is life-threating and should be reported to the healthcare provider immediately? A. Facial numbness B. Right ear hearing loss C. Difficulty with balance