Final notes lecs leadership
➔ “Leadership is the process of influencing others to understand and agree about what
needs to be done and how to do it, and the process of facilitating individual and collective
efforts to accomplish shared objectives.”
➔ Leading = a role of the manager and is about change and movement
➔ Management = order and consistency = becomes more important as organizations become
larger
➔ Integrated life, support team, values, motivation and self-awareness = true north
, ➔ = you need to know yourself to be an authentic leader
➔ = support team = people helping you find your true north
➔ = integrated life = everything needs to fit together
➔ = if ur following your true north you should show the same behavior in different contexts
Vulnerability
➔ Not job related, use correct words and show you can manage it
1. Hierarchy
a. fulfills needs for order and security.
b. Individuals are motivated to advance up hierarchies = financial rewards
, 2. Perceptions of Competence = dominant leadership
o but anger is assumed to be powerful, since it shows disinhibition and
people back down = makes people seem competent
3. The Self-Enhancement Motive
i. Confidence = inspires confidence
ii. Efficacy leads to action = opportunities and leads to action = enhances
attribution of power
4. Us Versus Them and the Importance of Similarity
o offer aid to similar others
➔ The ego-based bias in favor of those who look same
5. Basking in Reflected Glory and the Desire to Be With powerful
➔ drive to have one’s genetic material survive
➔ people will successfully rationalize their decision to get close to power by seeing
the powerful more favorably and as being more likeable and pleasant.
➔ Support for powerful = to get resources and bask in their glory
6. Sense making
➔ observers will reevaluate the powerful in ways that create or infer positive
traits even if such traits are not real.
➔ Make excuses for powerful
➔ Powerful learn they can do anything
Lecture 2
Born vs made
1. 30% of the variance in leadership role occupancy is accounted for by the genetic factors
2. About half of the genetic variance is not shared with the personality measures
, Arvey twin study on leadership
➔ Direct path genetics and leadership is supported
o but indirect path through personality is not supported
➔ = limits
o Tested if they had leadership responsibilities, not whether they were leaders
o partial mediation of genetics
➔ = a lot of genetic variance was not accounted for by personality
Personality and leadership
➔ extraversion
o associated with leader emergence, leader effectiveness and transformational
leadership behaviors
➔ conscientiousness
o associated with leader emergence
➔ openness
o associated with leader emergence and leader effectiveness (not in government or
military settings)
➔ neuroticism
o negatively associated with leader effectiveness and transformational
➔ agreeableness = no significant association
Thus
Extraversion is association with emergence, effectiveness and transformational
Openness is association with emergence and effectiveness = NOT in government or military
Conscientiousness is association emergence
Neuroticism is NEGATIVE association with effectiveness and transformational
Self-monitoring
➔ “Leadership is the process of influencing others to understand and agree about what
needs to be done and how to do it, and the process of facilitating individual and collective
efforts to accomplish shared objectives.”
➔ Leading = a role of the manager and is about change and movement
➔ Management = order and consistency = becomes more important as organizations become
larger
➔ Integrated life, support team, values, motivation and self-awareness = true north
, ➔ = you need to know yourself to be an authentic leader
➔ = support team = people helping you find your true north
➔ = integrated life = everything needs to fit together
➔ = if ur following your true north you should show the same behavior in different contexts
Vulnerability
➔ Not job related, use correct words and show you can manage it
1. Hierarchy
a. fulfills needs for order and security.
b. Individuals are motivated to advance up hierarchies = financial rewards
, 2. Perceptions of Competence = dominant leadership
o but anger is assumed to be powerful, since it shows disinhibition and
people back down = makes people seem competent
3. The Self-Enhancement Motive
i. Confidence = inspires confidence
ii. Efficacy leads to action = opportunities and leads to action = enhances
attribution of power
4. Us Versus Them and the Importance of Similarity
o offer aid to similar others
➔ The ego-based bias in favor of those who look same
5. Basking in Reflected Glory and the Desire to Be With powerful
➔ drive to have one’s genetic material survive
➔ people will successfully rationalize their decision to get close to power by seeing
the powerful more favorably and as being more likeable and pleasant.
➔ Support for powerful = to get resources and bask in their glory
6. Sense making
➔ observers will reevaluate the powerful in ways that create or infer positive
traits even if such traits are not real.
➔ Make excuses for powerful
➔ Powerful learn they can do anything
Lecture 2
Born vs made
1. 30% of the variance in leadership role occupancy is accounted for by the genetic factors
2. About half of the genetic variance is not shared with the personality measures
, Arvey twin study on leadership
➔ Direct path genetics and leadership is supported
o but indirect path through personality is not supported
➔ = limits
o Tested if they had leadership responsibilities, not whether they were leaders
o partial mediation of genetics
➔ = a lot of genetic variance was not accounted for by personality
Personality and leadership
➔ extraversion
o associated with leader emergence, leader effectiveness and transformational
leadership behaviors
➔ conscientiousness
o associated with leader emergence
➔ openness
o associated with leader emergence and leader effectiveness (not in government or
military settings)
➔ neuroticism
o negatively associated with leader effectiveness and transformational
➔ agreeableness = no significant association
Thus
Extraversion is association with emergence, effectiveness and transformational
Openness is association with emergence and effectiveness = NOT in government or military
Conscientiousness is association emergence
Neuroticism is NEGATIVE association with effectiveness and transformational
Self-monitoring
