APHY 101 IVY TECH MIDTERM REVIEW
What is the difference between anatomy and physiology? - correct answer anatomy is study of
body structure and physiology is study of how those structures work
What are the levels of organization and define each - correct answer organelle: cell structure
that carries out special function in the cell
cell: basic unit of structure & function in a living thing
tissue: a group of similar cells that are organized to do a specific job
organ: a collection of tissues that carry out a specialized function of the body
organ system: group of organs that work together to perform a specific function
organism: a living thing made of a group of organ systems
What are the characteristics of life and define each - correct answer Responsiveness to the
environment, growth and change, ability to reproduce, have a metabolism and breathe,
maintain homeostasis, being made of cells, passing traits to offspring
what are the requirements of life? why is each important? - correct answer water: needed to
transport substances to regulate the body
food: needed to supply energy and for regulation
oxygen: needed to help release energy from food substances
heat: needed to regulate the rate of metabolic processes
pressure: needed for breathing and circulation
Define homeostasis - correct answer Maintaining a stable internal environment
what is a homeostatic mechanism - correct answer tendency to maintain relatively constant
conditions in the environment
Define matter, element and atom. What is the basic unit of matter? - correct answer matter:
any substance that has mass and takes up space
atom: smallest unit of ordinary matter
basic unit of matter: atoms
what is the structure of an atom - correct answer protons, neutrons, electrons
define nucleus, proton, neutron, and electron. What charges do each of these particles have? -
correct answer nucleus: central core of an atom, positive
, proton: stable subatomic particle, positive
neutron: subatomic particle, no charge
electron: stable subatomic particle, negative
what are covalent, ionic and hydrogen bonds and what are the differences between the three?
- correct answer covalent: 2 atoms shared 1 or more molecules
hydrogen: weak bond between 2 opposite positively charged sides of 2 or more molecules
ionic bond: atom gives away one or more electrons to another atom
Define synthesis - correct answer the production of chemical compounds by reaction from
simpler materials.
Define decomposition - correct answer the process of breaking down deliverables and project
work into smaller more manageable components.
Define exchange reaction - correct answer parts of molecules trade places
What is a reactant? - correct answer a substance that takes part in and undergoes change
during a reaction.
What is a product? - correct answer The elements or compounds produced by a chemical
reaction.
What is a catalyst? - correct answer substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction
what happens / what is produced when salts dissolve in water? - correct answer water
molecules pull sodium and chloride apart, breaking the ionic bond - a homogeneous system is
produced
what is an acid? - correct answer An acid is a source of hydrogen ions, H⁺
What is a base? - correct answer proton acceptor
What is the pH scale? - correct answer measures how acidic or basic a substance is
what ions are involved in the ph scale - correct answer hydrogen and hydroxide ions
what is the difference between an organic molecule and an inorganic molecule - correct answer
Organic molecules have carbon-hydrogen bonds. Inorganic molecules do not contain carbon-
hydrogen bonds.
What is dehydration synthesis? - correct answer the process of joining two molecules, or
compounds, together following the removal of water
What is hydrolysis? - correct answer the chemical breakdown of a compound due to reaction
with water.
What is the difference between anatomy and physiology? - correct answer anatomy is study of
body structure and physiology is study of how those structures work
What are the levels of organization and define each - correct answer organelle: cell structure
that carries out special function in the cell
cell: basic unit of structure & function in a living thing
tissue: a group of similar cells that are organized to do a specific job
organ: a collection of tissues that carry out a specialized function of the body
organ system: group of organs that work together to perform a specific function
organism: a living thing made of a group of organ systems
What are the characteristics of life and define each - correct answer Responsiveness to the
environment, growth and change, ability to reproduce, have a metabolism and breathe,
maintain homeostasis, being made of cells, passing traits to offspring
what are the requirements of life? why is each important? - correct answer water: needed to
transport substances to regulate the body
food: needed to supply energy and for regulation
oxygen: needed to help release energy from food substances
heat: needed to regulate the rate of metabolic processes
pressure: needed for breathing and circulation
Define homeostasis - correct answer Maintaining a stable internal environment
what is a homeostatic mechanism - correct answer tendency to maintain relatively constant
conditions in the environment
Define matter, element and atom. What is the basic unit of matter? - correct answer matter:
any substance that has mass and takes up space
atom: smallest unit of ordinary matter
basic unit of matter: atoms
what is the structure of an atom - correct answer protons, neutrons, electrons
define nucleus, proton, neutron, and electron. What charges do each of these particles have? -
correct answer nucleus: central core of an atom, positive
, proton: stable subatomic particle, positive
neutron: subatomic particle, no charge
electron: stable subatomic particle, negative
what are covalent, ionic and hydrogen bonds and what are the differences between the three?
- correct answer covalent: 2 atoms shared 1 or more molecules
hydrogen: weak bond between 2 opposite positively charged sides of 2 or more molecules
ionic bond: atom gives away one or more electrons to another atom
Define synthesis - correct answer the production of chemical compounds by reaction from
simpler materials.
Define decomposition - correct answer the process of breaking down deliverables and project
work into smaller more manageable components.
Define exchange reaction - correct answer parts of molecules trade places
What is a reactant? - correct answer a substance that takes part in and undergoes change
during a reaction.
What is a product? - correct answer The elements or compounds produced by a chemical
reaction.
What is a catalyst? - correct answer substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction
what happens / what is produced when salts dissolve in water? - correct answer water
molecules pull sodium and chloride apart, breaking the ionic bond - a homogeneous system is
produced
what is an acid? - correct answer An acid is a source of hydrogen ions, H⁺
What is a base? - correct answer proton acceptor
What is the pH scale? - correct answer measures how acidic or basic a substance is
what ions are involved in the ph scale - correct answer hydrogen and hydroxide ions
what is the difference between an organic molecule and an inorganic molecule - correct answer
Organic molecules have carbon-hydrogen bonds. Inorganic molecules do not contain carbon-
hydrogen bonds.
What is dehydration synthesis? - correct answer the process of joining two molecules, or
compounds, together following the removal of water
What is hydrolysis? - correct answer the chemical breakdown of a compound due to reaction
with water.
