N3130 Adult Health 1 - Exam 1 2025/2026
Exam Questions and Corresponding
Answers with Surety of 100% Pass Mark
1. Sleep hygiene - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔a variety of practices that are important to
normal, quality nighttime sleep and daytime alertness (limit the amount of time in
bed, set a scheduled time to get up in the morning, go to bed only when feeling
sleepy, get out of bed when unable to sleep)
2. Treatment for insomnia - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔sleep hygiene and drug therapy
3. Drug therapy for insomnia - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Benzodiazepine-receptor agonists
(Zaleplon, Zolpidem, eszopiclone- act on GABA), Orexin-receptor antagonist
(Lemborexant, Suvorexant), melatonin receptor agonist (Melatonin, Ramelteon,
Tasimelteon), antidepressant (Amitriptyline, Doxepin, Mirtazapine, Trazodone),
Benzodiazepines (Temazepam, Triazolam), Antihistamines (Diphenhydramine,
Doxylamine, Hydroxyzine), Antipsychotics (Quetiapine, Olanzapine)
,4. Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔characterized by partial or
complete upper airway obstruction during sleep; occurs due to: narrowing of the
air passages with relaxation of muscle tone during sleep and/or the tongue and soft
palate falling backward an partially or completely obstruct the pharynx; occur most
often during REM sleep; patients can experience hypoxemia (decreased PaO2) and
hypercapnia (increased PaCO2)
5. Risk factors for OSA - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔obesity (greater than 30 BMI), older
than 65 years, neck circumference 16 inches or longer, male sex, and
postmenopausal status in women
6. OSA Manifestations - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔frequent arousals during sleep, insomnia,
excessive daytime sleepiness, witnessed apneic episodes, morning headaches due
to hypercapnia or increased BP, irritability; May lead to hypertension, type 2
diabetes, dysrhythmias, coronary heart disease, arteriosclerosis, heart failure,
cardiovascular-related mortality
7. OSA Diagnostic Studies - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Berlin and STOP-BANG
questionnaires, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, PSG in clinical setting (electrodes
simultaneously record physiologic measures- muscle tone, eye movement, brain
activity), limb movements, EEG, heart rate
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PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, 8. OSA Treatment - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔positional therapy, weight loss, avoid
substances that are sedative or alcoholic 3 hours before bed, CPAP/BiPAP,
uvulopalatopharyngoplasty, genioglossal advancement, hyoid myotomy,
radiofrequency ablation
9. Hypotonic IV Fluid - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔solutions in which the solutes are less
concentrated than in the cells; pulls water out of vascular space (0.45% NS, 5%
Dextrose)
10. Isotonic IV Fluid - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔fluids with the same osmolality as the cell
interior; no net movement of water occurs; commonly used for dehydration (0.9%
NS [Sodium: 154 mEq/mL] [Chloride: 154 mEq/mL], Lactated Ringer's solution
[not recommended for patients with liver problems, heart problems, hyperkalemia,
sever hypovolemia], 5% Dextrose in 0.225% NS, 5% Dextrose in water)
11. Hypertonic IV Fluid - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔fluids with solutes more concentrated
than in cells, or an increased osmolality; if hypertonic fluid surrounds a cell, water
leaves the cell to dilute ECF; usually has sodium; pulls water in (10% Dextrose in
water, 3.0% NS, 5% Dextrose in 0.45% NS, 5% Dextrose in 0.9% N)
12. Common uses for each type of IV fluid = - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔
COPYRIGHT©BLAIRALISTERNEWTON 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE.
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PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Exam Questions and Corresponding
Answers with Surety of 100% Pass Mark
1. Sleep hygiene - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔a variety of practices that are important to
normal, quality nighttime sleep and daytime alertness (limit the amount of time in
bed, set a scheduled time to get up in the morning, go to bed only when feeling
sleepy, get out of bed when unable to sleep)
2. Treatment for insomnia - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔sleep hygiene and drug therapy
3. Drug therapy for insomnia - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Benzodiazepine-receptor agonists
(Zaleplon, Zolpidem, eszopiclone- act on GABA), Orexin-receptor antagonist
(Lemborexant, Suvorexant), melatonin receptor agonist (Melatonin, Ramelteon,
Tasimelteon), antidepressant (Amitriptyline, Doxepin, Mirtazapine, Trazodone),
Benzodiazepines (Temazepam, Triazolam), Antihistamines (Diphenhydramine,
Doxylamine, Hydroxyzine), Antipsychotics (Quetiapine, Olanzapine)
,4. Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔characterized by partial or
complete upper airway obstruction during sleep; occurs due to: narrowing of the
air passages with relaxation of muscle tone during sleep and/or the tongue and soft
palate falling backward an partially or completely obstruct the pharynx; occur most
often during REM sleep; patients can experience hypoxemia (decreased PaO2) and
hypercapnia (increased PaCO2)
5. Risk factors for OSA - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔obesity (greater than 30 BMI), older
than 65 years, neck circumference 16 inches or longer, male sex, and
postmenopausal status in women
6. OSA Manifestations - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔frequent arousals during sleep, insomnia,
excessive daytime sleepiness, witnessed apneic episodes, morning headaches due
to hypercapnia or increased BP, irritability; May lead to hypertension, type 2
diabetes, dysrhythmias, coronary heart disease, arteriosclerosis, heart failure,
cardiovascular-related mortality
7. OSA Diagnostic Studies - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Berlin and STOP-BANG
questionnaires, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, PSG in clinical setting (electrodes
simultaneously record physiologic measures- muscle tone, eye movement, brain
activity), limb movements, EEG, heart rate
COPYRIGHT©BLAIRALISTERNEWTON 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE.
2
PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, 8. OSA Treatment - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔positional therapy, weight loss, avoid
substances that are sedative or alcoholic 3 hours before bed, CPAP/BiPAP,
uvulopalatopharyngoplasty, genioglossal advancement, hyoid myotomy,
radiofrequency ablation
9. Hypotonic IV Fluid - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔solutions in which the solutes are less
concentrated than in the cells; pulls water out of vascular space (0.45% NS, 5%
Dextrose)
10. Isotonic IV Fluid - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔fluids with the same osmolality as the cell
interior; no net movement of water occurs; commonly used for dehydration (0.9%
NS [Sodium: 154 mEq/mL] [Chloride: 154 mEq/mL], Lactated Ringer's solution
[not recommended for patients with liver problems, heart problems, hyperkalemia,
sever hypovolemia], 5% Dextrose in 0.225% NS, 5% Dextrose in water)
11. Hypertonic IV Fluid - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔fluids with solutes more concentrated
than in cells, or an increased osmolality; if hypertonic fluid surrounds a cell, water
leaves the cell to dilute ECF; usually has sodium; pulls water in (10% Dextrose in
water, 3.0% NS, 5% Dextrose in 0.45% NS, 5% Dextrose in 0.9% N)
12. Common uses for each type of IV fluid = - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔
COPYRIGHT©BLAIRALISTERNEWTON 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE.
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PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
