Enteral Route
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Drugs delivered to the GI tract, either orally or through nasogastric or
gastrostomy tubes. Most medications administered by this route are
intended for absorption to the general circulation.
,GI Tract Environment
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Digestive motility is variable among patients; very rapid motility may speed
the drug through the GI tract before complete absorption occurs.
Abnormally slow motility may cause the drug to be retained in the
stomach, where it is exposed for a longer time to destructive enzymes and
high acidity. Fatty foods in the stomach nearly always slow drug absorption.
Bioavailability
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The rate and extent to which the active ingredient is absorbed from a drug
product and becomes available at the site of drug action to produce its
effect
The nurse is researching a new drug prior to administration. The drug handbook states
that the adverse effects are dose related, which means that:
A. As the dose increases, the risk of adverse effects also increases
B. The adverse effects should be expected after the first dose
C. Oral preparations will produce the most adverse effects
D. The timing of each dose should be correlated with the presence of adverse effects
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A. As the dose increases, the risk of adverse effects also increases
,Agonist
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A drug that activates a receptor and produces the same type of response
as the endogenous substance
When observing a patient for bone marrow toxicity, the nurse would monitor for:
A. Increased complaints of muscle and bone pain in the lower extremities
B. Decrease in red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets
C. Decrease in the range of motion of the upper and lower extremities
D. Increase in hepatic enzymes
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B. Decrease in red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets
Drug classes that increase the risk of acquiring cancer
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Antineoplastics, immunosuppressants, and hormonal agents
The nurse is teaching the patient about a newly prescribed medication. Which
statement made by the patient would indicate the need for further medication
education?
A. The liquid form of the drug will be absorbed faster than the tablets
B. If I take more, I'll have a better response
, C. Taking this drug with food will decrease how much drug gets into my system
D. I can consult my health care provider if I experience unexpected adverse effects
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B. If I take more, I'll have a better response
The nurse is administering an albuterol (Ventolin) inhaler to a client with asthma. The
absorption of the medication will occur in what manner?
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Very rapidly
Margin of Safety
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The amount of drug that is lethal to 1% of animals divided by the amount of
drug that produces a therapeutic effect in 99% of animals
A client asks the nurse why his dose of an antihypertensive medication is different
from his neighbor's dose, stating, "We both take the exact same drug, but I take 60
mg and he takes only 25 mg." The nurse explains:
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Drugs delivered to the GI tract, either orally or through nasogastric or
gastrostomy tubes. Most medications administered by this route are
intended for absorption to the general circulation.
,GI Tract Environment
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Digestive motility is variable among patients; very rapid motility may speed
the drug through the GI tract before complete absorption occurs.
Abnormally slow motility may cause the drug to be retained in the
stomach, where it is exposed for a longer time to destructive enzymes and
high acidity. Fatty foods in the stomach nearly always slow drug absorption.
Bioavailability
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The rate and extent to which the active ingredient is absorbed from a drug
product and becomes available at the site of drug action to produce its
effect
The nurse is researching a new drug prior to administration. The drug handbook states
that the adverse effects are dose related, which means that:
A. As the dose increases, the risk of adverse effects also increases
B. The adverse effects should be expected after the first dose
C. Oral preparations will produce the most adverse effects
D. The timing of each dose should be correlated with the presence of adverse effects
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A. As the dose increases, the risk of adverse effects also increases
,Agonist
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A drug that activates a receptor and produces the same type of response
as the endogenous substance
When observing a patient for bone marrow toxicity, the nurse would monitor for:
A. Increased complaints of muscle and bone pain in the lower extremities
B. Decrease in red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets
C. Decrease in the range of motion of the upper and lower extremities
D. Increase in hepatic enzymes
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B. Decrease in red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets
Drug classes that increase the risk of acquiring cancer
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Antineoplastics, immunosuppressants, and hormonal agents
The nurse is teaching the patient about a newly prescribed medication. Which
statement made by the patient would indicate the need for further medication
education?
A. The liquid form of the drug will be absorbed faster than the tablets
B. If I take more, I'll have a better response
, C. Taking this drug with food will decrease how much drug gets into my system
D. I can consult my health care provider if I experience unexpected adverse effects
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B. If I take more, I'll have a better response
The nurse is administering an albuterol (Ventolin) inhaler to a client with asthma. The
absorption of the medication will occur in what manner?
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Very rapidly
Margin of Safety
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The amount of drug that is lethal to 1% of animals divided by the amount of
drug that produces a therapeutic effect in 99% of animals
A client asks the nurse why his dose of an antihypertensive medication is different
from his neighbor's dose, stating, "We both take the exact same drug, but I take 60
mg and he takes only 25 mg." The nurse explains:
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