This PDF provides a detailed and structured overview of the Chemical Equilibrium chapter, tailored for Class 11 CBSE and competitive exams like JEE and NEET. It covers essential theoretical concepts, laws, and formulas with visual clarity and precision.

(wnjugaik )aciArong
d "
wates Renark Cahon Salt
Aquous Nc Hydrakdavanged
n.avound he +


enly formnd (<7)pH base HH hyddlysi
isCahenie
kee Na
el pH meleeules
tl, Ba Watr.pH
of Hydrahon
Aohon 7|
hydrahon
hesp
Na
Bo
(at onsible
of 26°e) AlonyLaltof ane B0H tor
above +
of
possible. H*
Nal
8al, ons
halt ocews Hekrolghe base
streng
No3 Na (eonugak)
6aiog),
s So4. Ba KNO, Aniomie
possible. hongaciand de Hydrolyis >7pH
)
et
to elavage he
neual. No,So4 shrong
of 2
huponibhydre foor tyi
HA alt.
(pHa aid/base watr +
Baluou) Nado4 base
0H




Now,
ammonium is* Ex
:
e(i-h) caleulahonpH
NO,NH4 NH4C NH4Br NH
CI Hydraysic
NH, (aq)
NH4 Cd
hydolysis
cahoni
Key eh bco2,
weak <?
pHCaa
e((-h) + onible
Top
[NH4I[oM]
(NM40M3 Ha0 of
Veveyyus (NHH),so4 ClNHo4
nesponsible saltof
ejoqale NH4
ch NH40H hydrahon.for 0H
(bane)Ho te)NH
|-h
eh + shrong
Ku base Ht
(Ka) + hydrolysis.for (aq) l+
(<
ch aeid
10), H* of
0H][*)
[NH4 atnong weak
base
and
hen Bel,
h:
of
dige whe, Bece aeid.
(U-h) -kie
ampho
hydralyi. Be(ou), weakacid°ot
cnjshong
ugak
4 + base.
aidic 2He

,
calulationpH (Üin
( Sat(M) t
C00CH
Na
HO0Na hydrohyii
nionit - Salt falt pH
=
c(1-h) ph> hydraly hydrolysis
A KaKw
whe,Ce
(ch)(ch) + aeiddie9n
Aouhon i's
H20
Balcw)
KeN CNNa f
pH t
sat salt
CO0Ph
Na
(sb+ (wAtwB)
ch AH
wA).
+
OH Nophcook
,
03
, ,
Nag ky
cOy
Po4




Now, for
pH pH
: Agois,
[oH] ch he
h:
k,H*][A] a:dissoeiahon
x[aHA]
Kw
Ka
Ku. Ka XkoKu
| kw
s
ka
C
[H*J[OK] of
ch Kw
wtak

Ku acid,