TEST BANK !!
FOUNDATIONS FOR POPULATION !! !!
HEALTH IN COMMUNITY/ PUBLIC
!! !! !! !!
HEALTH NURSING, 5TH EDITION
!! !! !! !!
BY MARCIA STANHOPE
!! !! !!
,Stanhope: !!Foundations !!of !!Population !!Health !!for !!Community/Public !!Health !!Nursing, !!5th !!Edition
Contents:
Part !!I: !!Perspectives !!in !!Health !!Care !!Delivery !!and !!Nursing
Chapter !!1. !!Community !!and !!Prevention !!Oriented !!Practice !!to !!Improve !!Population !!Health
Chapter !!2. !!The !!History !!of !!Public !!Health !!and !!Public !!and !!Community !!Health !!Nursing
Chapter !!3. !!The !!Changing !!U.S. !!Health !!and !!Public !!Health !!Care !!Systems
Part !!II: !!Influences !!on !!Health !!Care !!Delivery !!and !!Nursing
Chapter !!4. !!Ethics !!in !!Public !!and !!Community !!Health !!Nursing !!Practice
Chapter !!5. !!Cultural !!Influences !!in !!Nursing !!in !!Community !!Health
Chapter !!6. !!Environmental !!Health
Chapter !!7. !!Government, !!the !!Law, !!and !!Policy !!Activism
Chapter !!8. !!Economic !!Influences
Part !!III: !!Conceptual !!Frameworks !!Applied !!to !!Nursing !!Practice !!in !!the !!Community
Chapter !!9. !!Epidemiological !!Applications
Chapter !!10. !!Evidence-Based !!Practice
Chapter !!11. !!Using !!Health !!Education !!and !!Groups !!in !!the !!Community
Part !!IV: !!Issues !!and !!Approaches !!in !!Health !!Care !!of !!Populations
Chapter !!12. !!Community !!Assessment !!and !!Evaluation
Chapter !!13. !!Case !!Management
Chapter !!14. !!Disaster !!Management
Chapter !!15. !!Surveillance !!and !!Outbreak !!Investigation
Chapter !!16. !!Program !!Management
Chapter !!17. !!Managing !!Quality !!and !!Safety
Part !!V: !!Issues !!and !!Approaches !!in !!Family !!and !!Individual !!Health !!Care
Chapter !!18. !!Family !!Development !!and !!Family !!Nursing !!Assessment
Chapter !!19. !!Family !!Health !!Risks
Chapter !!20. !!Health !!Risks !!Across !!the !!Life !!Span
Part !!VI: !!Vulnerability: !!Predisposing !!Factors
Chapter !!21. !!Vulnerability !!and !!Vulnerable !!Populations: !!An !!Overview
Chapter !!22. !!Rural !!Health !!and !!Migrant !!Health
Chapter !!23. !!Poverty, !!Homelessness, !!Teen !!Pregnancy, !!and !!Mental !!Illness
Chapter !!24. !!Alcohol, !!Tobacco, !!and !!Other !!Drug !!Problems !!in !!the !!Community
Chapter !!25. !!Violence !!and !!Human !!Abuse
Chapter !!26. !!Infectious !!Disease !!Prevention !!and !!Control
Chapter !!27. !!HIV !!Infection, !!Hepatitis, !!Tuberculosis, !!and !!Sexually !!Transmitted !!Diseases
Part !!VII: !!Nursing !!Practice !!in !!the !!Community: !!Roles !!and !!Functions
Chapter !!28. !!Nursing !!Practice !!at !!the !!Local, !!State, !!and !!National !!Levels !!in !!Public !!Health
Chapter !!29. !!The !!Faith !!Community !!Nurse
Chapter !!30. !!The !!Nurse !!in !!Home !!Health !!and !!Hospice
Chapter !!31. !!The !!Nurse !!in !!the !!Schools
Chapter !!32. !!The !!Nurse !!in !!Occupational !!Health
,Stanhope: !!Foundations !!for !!Population !!Health !!in !!Community/Public !!HealthNursing, !!5th !!Edition
Chapter !!01: !!Community !!and !!Prevention !!Oriented !!Practice !!to !!Improve !!Population !!Health
MULTIPLE !!CHOICE
1. Which !!of !!the !!following !!best !!describes !!community-based !!nursing?
a. A !!practice !!in !!which !!care !!is !!provided !!for !!individuals !!and !!families
b. Providing !!care !!with !!a !!focus !!on !!the !!group’s !!needs
c. Giving !!care !!with !!a !!focus !!on !!the !!aggregate’s !!needs
d. A !!value !!system !!in !!which !!all !!clients !!receive !!optimal !!care
ANS: ! ! A
By !!definition, !!community-based !!nursing !!is !!a !!setting-specific !!practice !!in !!which !!care !!is
!!provided !!for !!“sick” !!individuals !!and !!families !!where !!they !!live, !!work, !!and !!attend !!school.
!!The !!emphasis !!is !!on !!acute !!and !!chronic !!care !!and !!the !!provision !!of !!comprehensive,
!!coordinated, !!and !!continuous !!care. !!These !!nurses !!may !!be !!generalists !!or !!specialists !!in
!!maternal–infant, !!pediatric, !!adult, !!or !!psychiatric !!mental !!health !!nursing. !!Community-based
!!nursing !!emphasizes !!acute !!and !!chronic !!care !!to !!individuals !!and !!families, !!rather !!than
!!focusing !!on !!groups, !!aggregates, !!or !!systems.
2. Which !!of !!the !!following !!best !!describes !!community-oriented !!nursing?
a. Focusing !!on !!the !!provision !!of !!care !!to !!individuals !!and !!families
b. Providing !!care !!to !!manage !!acute !!or !!chronic !!conditions
c. Giving !!direct !!care !!to !!ill !!individuals !!within !!their !!family !!setting
d. Having !!the !!goal !!of !!health !!promotion !!and !!disease !!prevention
ANS: ! ! D
By !!definition, !!community-oriented !!nursing !!has !!the !!goal !!of !!preserving, !!protecting, !!or
!!maintaining !!health !!and !!preventing !!disease !!to !!promote !!the !!quality !!of !!life. !!All !!nurses !!may
!!focus !!on !!individuals !!and !!families, !!give !!direct !!care !!to !!ill !!persons !!within !!their !!family
!!setting, !!and !!help !!manage !!acute !!or !!chronic !!conditions. !!These !!definitions !!are !!not !!specific
!!to !!community-oriented !!nursing.
3. Which !!of !!the !!following !!is !!the !!primary !!focus !!of !!public !!health !!nursing?
a. Families !!and !!groups
b. Illness-oriented ! ! care
c. Individuals !!within !!the !!family !!unit
d. Health !!care !!of !!communities !!and !!populations
ANS: ! ! D
In !!public !!health !!nursing !!the !!primary !!focus !!is !!on !!the !!health !!care !!of !!communities !!and
!!populations !!rather !!than !!on !!individuals, !!groups, !!and !!families. !!The !!goal !!is !!to !!prevent
!!disease !!and !!preserve, !!promote, !!restore, !!and !!protect !!health !!for !!the !!community !!and !!the
!!population !!within !!it. !!Community-based !!nurses !! deal !!primarily !!with !!illness-oriented !!care
!!of !!individuals !!and !!families !!acorss !!the !!life !!span. !!The !!aim !!is !!to !!amanage !!acute !!and
!!chronic !!health !!conditions !!in !!the !!community, !!and !!the !!focus !!of !!practice !!is !!on !!individual
!!or !!family-centered !!illness !!care.
, 4. Which !!of !!the !!following !!is !!responsible !!for !!the !!dramatic !!increase !!in !!life !!expectancy
during !!the !!20th !!century?
!!
a. Technology !!increases !!in !!the !!field !!of !!medical !!laboratory !!research
b. Advances !!in !!surgical !!techniques !!and !!procedures
c. Sanitation !!and !!other !!population-based !!prevention !!programs
d. Use !!of !!antibiotics !!to !!fight !!infections
ANS: ! ! C
Improvements !!in !!control !!of !!infectious !!diseases !!through !!immunizations, !!sanitation, !!and
!!other !!population-based !!prevention !!programs !!led !!to !!the !!increase !!in !!life !!expectancy !!from
!!less !!than !!50 !!years !!in !!1900 !!to !!more !!than !!78 !!years !!in !!2013. !!Although !!people !!are
!!excited !!when !!a !!new !!drug !!is !!discovered !!that !!cures !!a !!disease !!or !!when !!a !!new !!way !!to
!!transplant !!organs !!is !!perfected, !!it !!is !!important !!to !!know !!about !!the !!significant !!gains !!in
!!the !!health !!of !!populations !!that !!have !!come !!largely !!from !!public !!health !!accomplishments.
5. A !!nurse !!is !!developing !!a !!plan !!to !!decrease !!the !!number !!of !!premature !!deaths !!in !!the
community. !!Which !!of !!the !!following !!interventions !!would !!most !!likely !!be
!!
implemented !!by !!the !!nurse?
!!
a. Increase !!the !!community’s !!knowledge !!about !!hospice !!care.
b. Promote !!healthy !!lifestyle !!behavior !!choices !!among !!the !!community !!members.
c. Encourage !!employers !!to !!have !!wellness !!centers !!at !!each !!industrial !!site.
d. Ensure !!timely !!and !!effective !!medical !!intervention !!and !!treatment !!for
!!community !!members.
ANS: ! ! B
Public !!health !!approaches !!could !!help !!prevent !!premature !!deaths !!by !!influencing !!the !!way
!!people !!eat, !!drink, !!drive, !!engage !!in !!exercise, !!and !!treat !!the !!environment. !!Increasing
!!knowledge !!of !!hospice !!care, !!encouraging !!on-site !!wellness !!centers, !!and !!ensuring !!timely
!!treatment !!of !!medical !!conditions !!do !!not !!address !!the !!focus !!of !!improving !!overall !!health
!!through !!health !!promotion !!strategies. !!This !!is !!the !!major !!method !!that !!is !!suggested !!to
!!decrease !!the !!incidence !!of !!premature !!death.
6. Which !!of !!the !!following !!is !!a !!basic !!assumption !!of !!public !!health !!efforts?
a. Health !!disparities !!among !!any !!groups !!are !!morally !!and !!legally !!wrong.
b. Health !!care !!is !!the !!most !!important !!priority !!in !!government !!planning !!and !!funding.
c. The !!health !!of !!individuals !!cannot !!be !!separated !!from !!the !!health !!of !!the !!community.
d. The !!government !!is !!responsible !!for !!lengthening !!the !!life !!span !!of !!Americans.
ANS: ! ! C
Public !!health !!practice !!focuses !!on !!the !!community !!as !!a !!whole, !!and !!the !!effect ! ! of !!the
!!community’s !!health !!status !!(resources) !!on !!the !!health !!of !!individuals, !!families, !!and
!!groups. !!The !!goal !!is !!to !!prevent !!disease !!and !!disability !!and !!promote !!and !!protect !!the
!!health !!of !!the !!community !!as !!a !!whole. !!Public !!health !!can !!be !!described !!as !!what !!society
!!collectively !!does !!to !!ensure !!that !!conditions !!exist !!in !!which !!people !!can !!be !!healthy. !!The
!!basic !!assumptions !!of !!public !!health !!do !!not !!judge !!the !!morality !!of !!health !!disparities. !!The
!!focus !!is !!on !!prevention !!of !!illness !!not !!on !!spending !!more !!on !!illness !!care. !!Additionally,
!!individual !!responsibility !!for !!making !!healthy !!choices !!is !!the !!directive !!for !!lengthening
!!life !!span !!not !!the !!role !!of !!the !!government.
7. Which !!of !!the !!following !!actions !!would !!most !!likely !!be !!performed !!by !!a !!public !!health !!nurse?
a. Asking !!community !!leaders !!what !!interventions !!should !!be !!chosen
b. Assessing !!the !!community !!and !!deciding !!on !!appropriate !!interventions
c. Using !!data !!from !!the !!main !!health !!care !!institutions !!in !!the !!community !!to !!determine
FOUNDATIONS FOR POPULATION !! !!
HEALTH IN COMMUNITY/ PUBLIC
!! !! !! !!
HEALTH NURSING, 5TH EDITION
!! !! !! !!
BY MARCIA STANHOPE
!! !! !!
,Stanhope: !!Foundations !!of !!Population !!Health !!for !!Community/Public !!Health !!Nursing, !!5th !!Edition
Contents:
Part !!I: !!Perspectives !!in !!Health !!Care !!Delivery !!and !!Nursing
Chapter !!1. !!Community !!and !!Prevention !!Oriented !!Practice !!to !!Improve !!Population !!Health
Chapter !!2. !!The !!History !!of !!Public !!Health !!and !!Public !!and !!Community !!Health !!Nursing
Chapter !!3. !!The !!Changing !!U.S. !!Health !!and !!Public !!Health !!Care !!Systems
Part !!II: !!Influences !!on !!Health !!Care !!Delivery !!and !!Nursing
Chapter !!4. !!Ethics !!in !!Public !!and !!Community !!Health !!Nursing !!Practice
Chapter !!5. !!Cultural !!Influences !!in !!Nursing !!in !!Community !!Health
Chapter !!6. !!Environmental !!Health
Chapter !!7. !!Government, !!the !!Law, !!and !!Policy !!Activism
Chapter !!8. !!Economic !!Influences
Part !!III: !!Conceptual !!Frameworks !!Applied !!to !!Nursing !!Practice !!in !!the !!Community
Chapter !!9. !!Epidemiological !!Applications
Chapter !!10. !!Evidence-Based !!Practice
Chapter !!11. !!Using !!Health !!Education !!and !!Groups !!in !!the !!Community
Part !!IV: !!Issues !!and !!Approaches !!in !!Health !!Care !!of !!Populations
Chapter !!12. !!Community !!Assessment !!and !!Evaluation
Chapter !!13. !!Case !!Management
Chapter !!14. !!Disaster !!Management
Chapter !!15. !!Surveillance !!and !!Outbreak !!Investigation
Chapter !!16. !!Program !!Management
Chapter !!17. !!Managing !!Quality !!and !!Safety
Part !!V: !!Issues !!and !!Approaches !!in !!Family !!and !!Individual !!Health !!Care
Chapter !!18. !!Family !!Development !!and !!Family !!Nursing !!Assessment
Chapter !!19. !!Family !!Health !!Risks
Chapter !!20. !!Health !!Risks !!Across !!the !!Life !!Span
Part !!VI: !!Vulnerability: !!Predisposing !!Factors
Chapter !!21. !!Vulnerability !!and !!Vulnerable !!Populations: !!An !!Overview
Chapter !!22. !!Rural !!Health !!and !!Migrant !!Health
Chapter !!23. !!Poverty, !!Homelessness, !!Teen !!Pregnancy, !!and !!Mental !!Illness
Chapter !!24. !!Alcohol, !!Tobacco, !!and !!Other !!Drug !!Problems !!in !!the !!Community
Chapter !!25. !!Violence !!and !!Human !!Abuse
Chapter !!26. !!Infectious !!Disease !!Prevention !!and !!Control
Chapter !!27. !!HIV !!Infection, !!Hepatitis, !!Tuberculosis, !!and !!Sexually !!Transmitted !!Diseases
Part !!VII: !!Nursing !!Practice !!in !!the !!Community: !!Roles !!and !!Functions
Chapter !!28. !!Nursing !!Practice !!at !!the !!Local, !!State, !!and !!National !!Levels !!in !!Public !!Health
Chapter !!29. !!The !!Faith !!Community !!Nurse
Chapter !!30. !!The !!Nurse !!in !!Home !!Health !!and !!Hospice
Chapter !!31. !!The !!Nurse !!in !!the !!Schools
Chapter !!32. !!The !!Nurse !!in !!Occupational !!Health
,Stanhope: !!Foundations !!for !!Population !!Health !!in !!Community/Public !!HealthNursing, !!5th !!Edition
Chapter !!01: !!Community !!and !!Prevention !!Oriented !!Practice !!to !!Improve !!Population !!Health
MULTIPLE !!CHOICE
1. Which !!of !!the !!following !!best !!describes !!community-based !!nursing?
a. A !!practice !!in !!which !!care !!is !!provided !!for !!individuals !!and !!families
b. Providing !!care !!with !!a !!focus !!on !!the !!group’s !!needs
c. Giving !!care !!with !!a !!focus !!on !!the !!aggregate’s !!needs
d. A !!value !!system !!in !!which !!all !!clients !!receive !!optimal !!care
ANS: ! ! A
By !!definition, !!community-based !!nursing !!is !!a !!setting-specific !!practice !!in !!which !!care !!is
!!provided !!for !!“sick” !!individuals !!and !!families !!where !!they !!live, !!work, !!and !!attend !!school.
!!The !!emphasis !!is !!on !!acute !!and !!chronic !!care !!and !!the !!provision !!of !!comprehensive,
!!coordinated, !!and !!continuous !!care. !!These !!nurses !!may !!be !!generalists !!or !!specialists !!in
!!maternal–infant, !!pediatric, !!adult, !!or !!psychiatric !!mental !!health !!nursing. !!Community-based
!!nursing !!emphasizes !!acute !!and !!chronic !!care !!to !!individuals !!and !!families, !!rather !!than
!!focusing !!on !!groups, !!aggregates, !!or !!systems.
2. Which !!of !!the !!following !!best !!describes !!community-oriented !!nursing?
a. Focusing !!on !!the !!provision !!of !!care !!to !!individuals !!and !!families
b. Providing !!care !!to !!manage !!acute !!or !!chronic !!conditions
c. Giving !!direct !!care !!to !!ill !!individuals !!within !!their !!family !!setting
d. Having !!the !!goal !!of !!health !!promotion !!and !!disease !!prevention
ANS: ! ! D
By !!definition, !!community-oriented !!nursing !!has !!the !!goal !!of !!preserving, !!protecting, !!or
!!maintaining !!health !!and !!preventing !!disease !!to !!promote !!the !!quality !!of !!life. !!All !!nurses !!may
!!focus !!on !!individuals !!and !!families, !!give !!direct !!care !!to !!ill !!persons !!within !!their !!family
!!setting, !!and !!help !!manage !!acute !!or !!chronic !!conditions. !!These !!definitions !!are !!not !!specific
!!to !!community-oriented !!nursing.
3. Which !!of !!the !!following !!is !!the !!primary !!focus !!of !!public !!health !!nursing?
a. Families !!and !!groups
b. Illness-oriented ! ! care
c. Individuals !!within !!the !!family !!unit
d. Health !!care !!of !!communities !!and !!populations
ANS: ! ! D
In !!public !!health !!nursing !!the !!primary !!focus !!is !!on !!the !!health !!care !!of !!communities !!and
!!populations !!rather !!than !!on !!individuals, !!groups, !!and !!families. !!The !!goal !!is !!to !!prevent
!!disease !!and !!preserve, !!promote, !!restore, !!and !!protect !!health !!for !!the !!community !!and !!the
!!population !!within !!it. !!Community-based !!nurses !! deal !!primarily !!with !!illness-oriented !!care
!!of !!individuals !!and !!families !!acorss !!the !!life !!span. !!The !!aim !!is !!to !!amanage !!acute !!and
!!chronic !!health !!conditions !!in !!the !!community, !!and !!the !!focus !!of !!practice !!is !!on !!individual
!!or !!family-centered !!illness !!care.
, 4. Which !!of !!the !!following !!is !!responsible !!for !!the !!dramatic !!increase !!in !!life !!expectancy
during !!the !!20th !!century?
!!
a. Technology !!increases !!in !!the !!field !!of !!medical !!laboratory !!research
b. Advances !!in !!surgical !!techniques !!and !!procedures
c. Sanitation !!and !!other !!population-based !!prevention !!programs
d. Use !!of !!antibiotics !!to !!fight !!infections
ANS: ! ! C
Improvements !!in !!control !!of !!infectious !!diseases !!through !!immunizations, !!sanitation, !!and
!!other !!population-based !!prevention !!programs !!led !!to !!the !!increase !!in !!life !!expectancy !!from
!!less !!than !!50 !!years !!in !!1900 !!to !!more !!than !!78 !!years !!in !!2013. !!Although !!people !!are
!!excited !!when !!a !!new !!drug !!is !!discovered !!that !!cures !!a !!disease !!or !!when !!a !!new !!way !!to
!!transplant !!organs !!is !!perfected, !!it !!is !!important !!to !!know !!about !!the !!significant !!gains !!in
!!the !!health !!of !!populations !!that !!have !!come !!largely !!from !!public !!health !!accomplishments.
5. A !!nurse !!is !!developing !!a !!plan !!to !!decrease !!the !!number !!of !!premature !!deaths !!in !!the
community. !!Which !!of !!the !!following !!interventions !!would !!most !!likely !!be
!!
implemented !!by !!the !!nurse?
!!
a. Increase !!the !!community’s !!knowledge !!about !!hospice !!care.
b. Promote !!healthy !!lifestyle !!behavior !!choices !!among !!the !!community !!members.
c. Encourage !!employers !!to !!have !!wellness !!centers !!at !!each !!industrial !!site.
d. Ensure !!timely !!and !!effective !!medical !!intervention !!and !!treatment !!for
!!community !!members.
ANS: ! ! B
Public !!health !!approaches !!could !!help !!prevent !!premature !!deaths !!by !!influencing !!the !!way
!!people !!eat, !!drink, !!drive, !!engage !!in !!exercise, !!and !!treat !!the !!environment. !!Increasing
!!knowledge !!of !!hospice !!care, !!encouraging !!on-site !!wellness !!centers, !!and !!ensuring !!timely
!!treatment !!of !!medical !!conditions !!do !!not !!address !!the !!focus !!of !!improving !!overall !!health
!!through !!health !!promotion !!strategies. !!This !!is !!the !!major !!method !!that !!is !!suggested !!to
!!decrease !!the !!incidence !!of !!premature !!death.
6. Which !!of !!the !!following !!is !!a !!basic !!assumption !!of !!public !!health !!efforts?
a. Health !!disparities !!among !!any !!groups !!are !!morally !!and !!legally !!wrong.
b. Health !!care !!is !!the !!most !!important !!priority !!in !!government !!planning !!and !!funding.
c. The !!health !!of !!individuals !!cannot !!be !!separated !!from !!the !!health !!of !!the !!community.
d. The !!government !!is !!responsible !!for !!lengthening !!the !!life !!span !!of !!Americans.
ANS: ! ! C
Public !!health !!practice !!focuses !!on !!the !!community !!as !!a !!whole, !!and !!the !!effect ! ! of !!the
!!community’s !!health !!status !!(resources) !!on !!the !!health !!of !!individuals, !!families, !!and
!!groups. !!The !!goal !!is !!to !!prevent !!disease !!and !!disability !!and !!promote !!and !!protect !!the
!!health !!of !!the !!community !!as !!a !!whole. !!Public !!health !!can !!be !!described !!as !!what !!society
!!collectively !!does !!to !!ensure !!that !!conditions !!exist !!in !!which !!people !!can !!be !!healthy. !!The
!!basic !!assumptions !!of !!public !!health !!do !!not !!judge !!the !!morality !!of !!health !!disparities. !!The
!!focus !!is !!on !!prevention !!of !!illness !!not !!on !!spending !!more !!on !!illness !!care. !!Additionally,
!!individual !!responsibility !!for !!making !!healthy !!choices !!is !!the !!directive !!for !!lengthening
!!life !!span !!not !!the !!role !!of !!the !!government.
7. Which !!of !!the !!following !!actions !!would !!most !!likely !!be !!performed !!by !!a !!public !!health !!nurse?
a. Asking !!community !!leaders !!what !!interventions !!should !!be !!chosen
b. Assessing !!the !!community !!and !!deciding !!on !!appropriate !!interventions
c. Using !!data !!from !!the !!main !!health !!care !!institutions !!in !!the !!community !!to !!determine
