Cardiovascular Exam 2 Questions31
B. Systolic murmur - ANSWERSA 55-year-old man with aortic valve stenosis is being admitted for
valve replacement surgery. Which assessment finding should the nurse expect?
A. Pulse deficit
B. Systolic murmur
C. Distended neck veins
D. Splinter hemorrhages
D. b-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) - ANSWERSA 74-year-old woman who is admitted with
severe dyspnea has a history of heart failure and chronic obstructive lung disease. Which
diagnostic study would the nurse expect to be elevated if the cause of dyspnea was cardiac
related?
A. Serum potassium
B. Serum homocysteine
C. High-density lipoprotein
D. b-type natriuretic peptide (BNP)
B. Sitting and leaning forward - ANSWERSThe nurse is assessing a 62-year-old woman
undergoing radiation treatment for breast cancer. How should the nurse position the patient to
auscultate for signs of acute pericarditis?
A. Supine without a pillow
B. Sitting and leaning forward
C. Left lateral sidelying position
D. Head of bed at a 45-degree angle
,B. Women are more likely to have noncardiac symptoms of heart disease. - ANSWERSA nurse is
preparing to teach a group of women in a community volunteer group about heart disease.
What should the nurse include in the teaching plan?
A. Women are less likely to delay seeking treatment than men.
B. Women are more likely to have noncardiac symptoms of heart disease.
C. Women are often less ill when presenting for treatment of heart disease.
D. Women experience more symptoms of heart disease at a younger age than men.
A. IV sedation may be administered to help the patient relax. - ANSWERSA 64-year-old patient
with a history of myocardial infarction is scheduled for a transesophageal echocardiogram to
visualize a suspected clot in the left atrium. What information should the nurse include when
teaching the patient about this diagnostic study?
A. IV sedation may be administered to help the patient relax.
B. Food and fluids are restricted for 2 hours before the procedure.
C. Ambulation is restricted for up to 6 hours before the procedure.
D. Contrast medium is injected into the esophagus to enhance images.
A. Cleansing and maintenance of extracellular fluid volume - ANSWERSThe nurse knows that
diuretics mostly affect which function of the kidneys?
A. Cleansing and maintenance of extracellular fluid volume
B. Maintenance of acid-base balance
C. Excretion of metabolic waste
D. Elimination of foreign substances
C. Decreased blood pressure - ANSWERSThe nurse plans to closely monitor for which clinical
manifestation after administering furosemide [Lasix]?
A. Decreased pulse
B. Decreased temperature
, C. Decreased blood pressure
D. Decreased respiratory rate
D. Hold the Lasix and notify the physician. - ANSWERSThe nurse caring for a patient taking
furosemide [Lasix] is reviewing the patient's most recent laboratory results, which are: sodium,
136 mEq/L; potassium, 3.2 mEq/L; chloride, 100 mEq/L; blood urea nitrogen, 15 mg/dL. What is
the nurse's best action?
A. Administer Lasix as ordered.
B. Place the patient on a cardiac monitor.
C. Begin a 24-hour urine collection
D. Hold the Lasix and notify the physician.
A. Digoxin toxicity - ANSWERSThe nurse should monitor for which adverse effect after
administering hydrochlorothiazide [HydroDIURIL] and digoxin [Lanoxin] to a patient?
A. Digoxin toxicity
B. Decreased diuretic effect
C. Dehydration
D. Heart failure
C. Spironolactone [Aldactone] - ANSWERSThe nurse is caring for a patient with heart failure who
needs a diuretic. Which agent is likely to be chosen, because it has been shown to greatly
reduce mortality in patients with heart failure?
A. Furosemide [Lasix]
B. Hydrochlorothiazide [HydroDIURIL]
C. Spironolactone [Aldactone]
D. Mannitol [Osmitrol]
B. Systolic murmur - ANSWERSA 55-year-old man with aortic valve stenosis is being admitted for
valve replacement surgery. Which assessment finding should the nurse expect?
A. Pulse deficit
B. Systolic murmur
C. Distended neck veins
D. Splinter hemorrhages
D. b-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) - ANSWERSA 74-year-old woman who is admitted with
severe dyspnea has a history of heart failure and chronic obstructive lung disease. Which
diagnostic study would the nurse expect to be elevated if the cause of dyspnea was cardiac
related?
A. Serum potassium
B. Serum homocysteine
C. High-density lipoprotein
D. b-type natriuretic peptide (BNP)
B. Sitting and leaning forward - ANSWERSThe nurse is assessing a 62-year-old woman
undergoing radiation treatment for breast cancer. How should the nurse position the patient to
auscultate for signs of acute pericarditis?
A. Supine without a pillow
B. Sitting and leaning forward
C. Left lateral sidelying position
D. Head of bed at a 45-degree angle
,B. Women are more likely to have noncardiac symptoms of heart disease. - ANSWERSA nurse is
preparing to teach a group of women in a community volunteer group about heart disease.
What should the nurse include in the teaching plan?
A. Women are less likely to delay seeking treatment than men.
B. Women are more likely to have noncardiac symptoms of heart disease.
C. Women are often less ill when presenting for treatment of heart disease.
D. Women experience more symptoms of heart disease at a younger age than men.
A. IV sedation may be administered to help the patient relax. - ANSWERSA 64-year-old patient
with a history of myocardial infarction is scheduled for a transesophageal echocardiogram to
visualize a suspected clot in the left atrium. What information should the nurse include when
teaching the patient about this diagnostic study?
A. IV sedation may be administered to help the patient relax.
B. Food and fluids are restricted for 2 hours before the procedure.
C. Ambulation is restricted for up to 6 hours before the procedure.
D. Contrast medium is injected into the esophagus to enhance images.
A. Cleansing and maintenance of extracellular fluid volume - ANSWERSThe nurse knows that
diuretics mostly affect which function of the kidneys?
A. Cleansing and maintenance of extracellular fluid volume
B. Maintenance of acid-base balance
C. Excretion of metabolic waste
D. Elimination of foreign substances
C. Decreased blood pressure - ANSWERSThe nurse plans to closely monitor for which clinical
manifestation after administering furosemide [Lasix]?
A. Decreased pulse
B. Decreased temperature
, C. Decreased blood pressure
D. Decreased respiratory rate
D. Hold the Lasix and notify the physician. - ANSWERSThe nurse caring for a patient taking
furosemide [Lasix] is reviewing the patient's most recent laboratory results, which are: sodium,
136 mEq/L; potassium, 3.2 mEq/L; chloride, 100 mEq/L; blood urea nitrogen, 15 mg/dL. What is
the nurse's best action?
A. Administer Lasix as ordered.
B. Place the patient on a cardiac monitor.
C. Begin a 24-hour urine collection
D. Hold the Lasix and notify the physician.
A. Digoxin toxicity - ANSWERSThe nurse should monitor for which adverse effect after
administering hydrochlorothiazide [HydroDIURIL] and digoxin [Lanoxin] to a patient?
A. Digoxin toxicity
B. Decreased diuretic effect
C. Dehydration
D. Heart failure
C. Spironolactone [Aldactone] - ANSWERSThe nurse is caring for a patient with heart failure who
needs a diuretic. Which agent is likely to be chosen, because it has been shown to greatly
reduce mortality in patients with heart failure?
A. Furosemide [Lasix]
B. Hydrochlorothiazide [HydroDIURIL]
C. Spironolactone [Aldactone]
D. Mannitol [Osmitrol]
