CCI REVIEW QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
What are 3 things that EF can determine ANSW✅✅Cardiac output
Overall heart function
wall motion
How many grades of murmurs are there? Which is the least intense? Strongest? ANSW✅✅6
grades
Grade 1 is least- FAINTEST
Grade 6 is strongest- THRILL
The polarized state of the heart is considered the _____ ANSW✅✅Resting state
What do the following medications do?
Analgesics?
Antibiotics? ANSW✅✅Analgesics - relieve pain ( NAISD) aspirin, morphine, Demerol, darvon
antibiotics - fight infection
What is the only artery that carries deoxygenated blood? ANSW✅✅Pulmonary
What is the basic description of Right Heart cauterization? ANSW✅✅Femoral vein --> Svc/Ivc -->
Right Atrium --> Right Ventricle ---> main pulmonary artery
What percent of patients have right dominant RCA? What does it mean? ANSW✅✅85%
Right dominant means that the Posterior artery descending arises from RCA
What 2D view is best for visualizing the coronary Arteries? ANSW✅✅PSAX Aortic Valve
,What is the most common diagnostic modality used in chest x ray? ANSW✅✅Posterior Anterior
Lateral
Name two possible cardiac related findings in x-ray? ANSW✅✅Enlarged right heart
Is x-ray able to detect coronary artery disease? ANSW✅✅NO
Which patients are at higher risk for infective endocarditis? ANSW✅✅Valvular disease
Prosthetic valves
What vessels carry O2 rich blood from the lungs to the Left Atrium ANSW✅✅Pulmonary. Veins
What 3 vessels carry CO2 to the RIGHT Atrium? ANSW✅✅SVC, IVC, CS
What does TDI stand for? ANSW✅✅Tissue Doppler
How can Aortic Insufficiency or Aortic regurgitation affect the Left Ventricle size and wall motion?
ANSW✅✅Left Ventricle dilation
Hyperkinesis of Left Ventricle walls and IVS
What are the arteries that act as a control valve through which blood is metered to the capillaries?
ANSW✅✅Arterials
What are the hemodynamic events occurring post-delivery? ANSW✅✅Pulmonary Artery Flow
increases
Pulmonary Vascular resistance decreases
Foreman ovale flow decreases
A patients blood pressure is 130/90 mmHg, stroke volume is 80 ml; heart rate is 80 beats/min. What
is the patients CO? ANSW✅✅6.4 liters/min
CO= HR X SV (80 X 80)
,What hemodynamic event follows the P wave of the ECG ANSW✅✅Atrial systole or atrial kick
During the cardiac cycle which valve event most closely follows the T wave on EKG
ANSW✅✅Semi-lunar close
Aortic Valve valves open
Right side Valves (Pulmonic Valve and Tricuspid Valve) and disease states are evaluated
ANSW✅✅Diastole
Left sided Valves (Aortic Valve and Mitral Valve) are evaluated in ANSW✅✅Systole
Which valve regurgitation flow is most likely to be the highest velocity? ANSW✅✅Mitral
Regurgitation due to the pressure being highest on both sides of this valve
A thrill is most likely associated with which murmurs? ANSW✅✅Grade 3 to 6
At what time during the cardiac cycle is the Left Atrium pressure lower than Left Ventricle?
ANSW✅✅Systole
At what time during the cardiac cycle is the Right Atrium pressure higher than the Right Ventricle
ANSW✅✅Diastole
Sinus bradycardia is defined as heart rate less than 60 bpm. How does the R wave appear on ECG?
ANSW✅✅Further apart. (more than 5 big boxes)
Sinus tachycardia is defined as a HR of more than 100 bpm. How does the R wave appear on the
ECG? ANSW✅✅Closer together. (less than 3 big boxes)
What is the meaning of the heart inherent rate. ANSW✅✅The heart muscle beats automatically
without outside stimulation.
ASD surgery is mainly considered when the Qp/Qs exceeds? ANSW✅✅1:5
Normal ratio 1:1
, What is a common symptom of a patient with endocarditis?
What are classic cardiac findings? ANSW✅✅Symptoms are Fever and chills
Echo findings: vegetations
What function do platelets and thrombocytes have? ANSW✅✅They adhere to damaged blood
vessel walls and release enzymes that activate hemostasis which stops bleeding (coagulates)
What is in vitro? ANSW✅✅Test tube/inside
What is in vivo? ANSW✅✅studies on living tissues/animals
What is epidemiology? ANSW✅✅The study of the prevalence of disease
What are the main functions of blood? ANSW✅✅Blood carries nutrients oxygen and hormones.
Removes metabolic waste, CO2and provides immunity through antibodies. It maintains body
temperature.
What is anemia ANSW✅✅Low RBC
What is erythrocytosis ANSW✅✅Increase or high level of RBCs
Blood and lymph ca be checked by chemical tests and coagulation studies. What are the five
common tests used for direct examination of blood? ANSW✅✅1) CBC --> Blood cell count
2) Hemoglobin --> measures the O2 carrying ability
3) Hematocrit --> measures the volume of erythrocytes
4) Sedimentation rates --> how long it takes erythrocytes to settle
5)Reticulocyte study --> The number of immature RBCs
Name the 3 layers of the vessel walls ANSW✅✅Tunica intima (innermost)
Tunica media (middle
Tunica adventitia (outermost)
CORRECT ANSWERS
What are 3 things that EF can determine ANSW✅✅Cardiac output
Overall heart function
wall motion
How many grades of murmurs are there? Which is the least intense? Strongest? ANSW✅✅6
grades
Grade 1 is least- FAINTEST
Grade 6 is strongest- THRILL
The polarized state of the heart is considered the _____ ANSW✅✅Resting state
What do the following medications do?
Analgesics?
Antibiotics? ANSW✅✅Analgesics - relieve pain ( NAISD) aspirin, morphine, Demerol, darvon
antibiotics - fight infection
What is the only artery that carries deoxygenated blood? ANSW✅✅Pulmonary
What is the basic description of Right Heart cauterization? ANSW✅✅Femoral vein --> Svc/Ivc -->
Right Atrium --> Right Ventricle ---> main pulmonary artery
What percent of patients have right dominant RCA? What does it mean? ANSW✅✅85%
Right dominant means that the Posterior artery descending arises from RCA
What 2D view is best for visualizing the coronary Arteries? ANSW✅✅PSAX Aortic Valve
,What is the most common diagnostic modality used in chest x ray? ANSW✅✅Posterior Anterior
Lateral
Name two possible cardiac related findings in x-ray? ANSW✅✅Enlarged right heart
Is x-ray able to detect coronary artery disease? ANSW✅✅NO
Which patients are at higher risk for infective endocarditis? ANSW✅✅Valvular disease
Prosthetic valves
What vessels carry O2 rich blood from the lungs to the Left Atrium ANSW✅✅Pulmonary. Veins
What 3 vessels carry CO2 to the RIGHT Atrium? ANSW✅✅SVC, IVC, CS
What does TDI stand for? ANSW✅✅Tissue Doppler
How can Aortic Insufficiency or Aortic regurgitation affect the Left Ventricle size and wall motion?
ANSW✅✅Left Ventricle dilation
Hyperkinesis of Left Ventricle walls and IVS
What are the arteries that act as a control valve through which blood is metered to the capillaries?
ANSW✅✅Arterials
What are the hemodynamic events occurring post-delivery? ANSW✅✅Pulmonary Artery Flow
increases
Pulmonary Vascular resistance decreases
Foreman ovale flow decreases
A patients blood pressure is 130/90 mmHg, stroke volume is 80 ml; heart rate is 80 beats/min. What
is the patients CO? ANSW✅✅6.4 liters/min
CO= HR X SV (80 X 80)
,What hemodynamic event follows the P wave of the ECG ANSW✅✅Atrial systole or atrial kick
During the cardiac cycle which valve event most closely follows the T wave on EKG
ANSW✅✅Semi-lunar close
Aortic Valve valves open
Right side Valves (Pulmonic Valve and Tricuspid Valve) and disease states are evaluated
ANSW✅✅Diastole
Left sided Valves (Aortic Valve and Mitral Valve) are evaluated in ANSW✅✅Systole
Which valve regurgitation flow is most likely to be the highest velocity? ANSW✅✅Mitral
Regurgitation due to the pressure being highest on both sides of this valve
A thrill is most likely associated with which murmurs? ANSW✅✅Grade 3 to 6
At what time during the cardiac cycle is the Left Atrium pressure lower than Left Ventricle?
ANSW✅✅Systole
At what time during the cardiac cycle is the Right Atrium pressure higher than the Right Ventricle
ANSW✅✅Diastole
Sinus bradycardia is defined as heart rate less than 60 bpm. How does the R wave appear on ECG?
ANSW✅✅Further apart. (more than 5 big boxes)
Sinus tachycardia is defined as a HR of more than 100 bpm. How does the R wave appear on the
ECG? ANSW✅✅Closer together. (less than 3 big boxes)
What is the meaning of the heart inherent rate. ANSW✅✅The heart muscle beats automatically
without outside stimulation.
ASD surgery is mainly considered when the Qp/Qs exceeds? ANSW✅✅1:5
Normal ratio 1:1
, What is a common symptom of a patient with endocarditis?
What are classic cardiac findings? ANSW✅✅Symptoms are Fever and chills
Echo findings: vegetations
What function do platelets and thrombocytes have? ANSW✅✅They adhere to damaged blood
vessel walls and release enzymes that activate hemostasis which stops bleeding (coagulates)
What is in vitro? ANSW✅✅Test tube/inside
What is in vivo? ANSW✅✅studies on living tissues/animals
What is epidemiology? ANSW✅✅The study of the prevalence of disease
What are the main functions of blood? ANSW✅✅Blood carries nutrients oxygen and hormones.
Removes metabolic waste, CO2and provides immunity through antibodies. It maintains body
temperature.
What is anemia ANSW✅✅Low RBC
What is erythrocytosis ANSW✅✅Increase or high level of RBCs
Blood and lymph ca be checked by chemical tests and coagulation studies. What are the five
common tests used for direct examination of blood? ANSW✅✅1) CBC --> Blood cell count
2) Hemoglobin --> measures the O2 carrying ability
3) Hematocrit --> measures the volume of erythrocytes
4) Sedimentation rates --> how long it takes erythrocytes to settle
5)Reticulocyte study --> The number of immature RBCs
Name the 3 layers of the vessel walls ANSW✅✅Tunica intima (innermost)
Tunica media (middle
Tunica adventitia (outermost)
