BSC 2011 Chapter 26 questions with accurate
answers
A simple tree of all life Ans✓✓✓ The tree of life suggests that
eukaryotes and archae are more closely related to each other than to
bacteria.
There have been substantial interchanges of genes between organisms in
different domains.
An organism's evolutionary history is documented in its genome
Ans✓✓✓ Comparing nucleic acids or other molecules to infer
relatedness is a valuable tool for tracing an organism's evolutionary
history.
DNA coding for rRNA changes relatively slowly and is useful for
investigating branching points hundred of millions of years ago.
mtDNA evolves rapidly and can be used to explore evolutionary
relationships.
Analogy Ans✓✓✓ Similarity due to convergent evolution.
Clade Ans✓✓✓ Group of species including an ancestral species and all
its descendants.
Cladistics Ans✓✓✓ Once homologus characteristics have been
identified, they can be used to infer phylogenies.
Group organisms by common descent.
, Clades can be nested into larger clades, but not all groupings of
organisms qualify as clades.
Convergent evolution Ans✓✓✓ Occurs when similar environmental
pressures and natural selection produces similar (analogous) adaptations.
Evaluating molecular homologies Ans✓✓✓ Systematicists use
computer programs and mathematical tools.
NOT done on paper fortunately.
From two kingdoms to three domains Ans✓✓✓ Early taxonomists
classified all species as either plants or animals.
Later, five kingdoms were recognized: Monera (prokaryotes), Protista,
Plantae, Fungi, and Animalia.
More recently, the three-domain systems has been adopted: Bacteria,
Archae, and Eukarya.
The three-domain system is supported from many data sequences.
Archae are an extremo group.
Gene duplication Ans✓✓✓ Increases the number of genes in the
genome, providing more opportunities for evolutionary change.
Gene duplications and gene families Ans✓✓✓ Like homologous genes,
duplicated genes can be traced back to a common ancestor.
Recently, we have gained insight into the very deepest branches of the
tree of life through molecular systematics.
answers
A simple tree of all life Ans✓✓✓ The tree of life suggests that
eukaryotes and archae are more closely related to each other than to
bacteria.
There have been substantial interchanges of genes between organisms in
different domains.
An organism's evolutionary history is documented in its genome
Ans✓✓✓ Comparing nucleic acids or other molecules to infer
relatedness is a valuable tool for tracing an organism's evolutionary
history.
DNA coding for rRNA changes relatively slowly and is useful for
investigating branching points hundred of millions of years ago.
mtDNA evolves rapidly and can be used to explore evolutionary
relationships.
Analogy Ans✓✓✓ Similarity due to convergent evolution.
Clade Ans✓✓✓ Group of species including an ancestral species and all
its descendants.
Cladistics Ans✓✓✓ Once homologus characteristics have been
identified, they can be used to infer phylogenies.
Group organisms by common descent.
, Clades can be nested into larger clades, but not all groupings of
organisms qualify as clades.
Convergent evolution Ans✓✓✓ Occurs when similar environmental
pressures and natural selection produces similar (analogous) adaptations.
Evaluating molecular homologies Ans✓✓✓ Systematicists use
computer programs and mathematical tools.
NOT done on paper fortunately.
From two kingdoms to three domains Ans✓✓✓ Early taxonomists
classified all species as either plants or animals.
Later, five kingdoms were recognized: Monera (prokaryotes), Protista,
Plantae, Fungi, and Animalia.
More recently, the three-domain systems has been adopted: Bacteria,
Archae, and Eukarya.
The three-domain system is supported from many data sequences.
Archae are an extremo group.
Gene duplication Ans✓✓✓ Increases the number of genes in the
genome, providing more opportunities for evolutionary change.
Gene duplications and gene families Ans✓✓✓ Like homologous genes,
duplicated genes can be traced back to a common ancestor.
Recently, we have gained insight into the very deepest branches of the
tree of life through molecular systematics.
