CHAPTER 11: CIVIL RIGHTS questions
well answered to pass
Equal Protection Clauses - correct answer ✔✔14th amendment clause that prohibits states
from denying equal protection under the law, and has been used to combat discrimination
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) - correct answer
✔✔Founded in 1909 to abolish segregation and discrimination; opposed racism & strove to gain
civil rights for African Americans; got Supreme Court to declare grandfather clause
unconstitutional
Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. - correct answer ✔✔- An African-American Civil rights peaceful Activist
- Was assassinated in 1968 in Tennesee
- King assisted the grassroots protests in Birmingham where more than 20000 people gathered
in the nation's capital for the March on Washington
Letter from Birmingham Jail - correct answer ✔✔- A letter written by Martin Luther King Jr. after
he had been arrested when he took part in a nonviolent march against segregation. He was
disappointed more Christians didn't speak out against racism.
- Letters written by MLK encouraging non-violent protest against segregation.
Nineteenth Amendment - correct answer ✔✔The constitutional amendment adopted in 1920
that guaranteed women the right to vote.
, Equal Pay Act - correct answer ✔✔1963 law that required both men and women to receive
equal pay for equal work
National Organization for Women (NOW) - correct answer ✔✔Inspired by Betty Frieden, a
reform organization that battled for equal rights with men by lobbying and testing laws in court.
NOW wanted equal employment opportunities, equal pay, ERA, divorce law changes, and
legalized abortion.
Strict Scrutiny - correct answer ✔✔A Supreme Court test to see if a law denies equal protection
because it does not serve a compelling state interest and is not narrowly tailored to achieve that
goal
Title IX of Education Act of 1972 - correct answer ✔✔Guaranteed that women have the same
educational opportunities as men in programs receiving federal government funding
Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) - correct answer ✔✔Constitutional amendment passed by
Congress but never ratified that would have banned discrimination on the basis of gender
Lawrence v. Texas (2003) - correct answer ✔✔State law may not ban sexual relations between
same-sex partners
Don't Ask Don't Tell - correct answer ✔✔Clinton managed to gain support for a compromise
measure under which homosexual servicemen and servicewomen could remain in the military if
they did not openly declare their sexual orientation
Defence of Marriage Act - correct answer ✔✔Defined marriage at the national level & declared
that states did not have to accept same-sex marriages recognized in other states. The law also
barred federal recognition of same-sex marriage for purposes of Social Security, federal income
tax filings, and federal employee benefits.
well answered to pass
Equal Protection Clauses - correct answer ✔✔14th amendment clause that prohibits states
from denying equal protection under the law, and has been used to combat discrimination
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) - correct answer
✔✔Founded in 1909 to abolish segregation and discrimination; opposed racism & strove to gain
civil rights for African Americans; got Supreme Court to declare grandfather clause
unconstitutional
Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. - correct answer ✔✔- An African-American Civil rights peaceful Activist
- Was assassinated in 1968 in Tennesee
- King assisted the grassroots protests in Birmingham where more than 20000 people gathered
in the nation's capital for the March on Washington
Letter from Birmingham Jail - correct answer ✔✔- A letter written by Martin Luther King Jr. after
he had been arrested when he took part in a nonviolent march against segregation. He was
disappointed more Christians didn't speak out against racism.
- Letters written by MLK encouraging non-violent protest against segregation.
Nineteenth Amendment - correct answer ✔✔The constitutional amendment adopted in 1920
that guaranteed women the right to vote.
, Equal Pay Act - correct answer ✔✔1963 law that required both men and women to receive
equal pay for equal work
National Organization for Women (NOW) - correct answer ✔✔Inspired by Betty Frieden, a
reform organization that battled for equal rights with men by lobbying and testing laws in court.
NOW wanted equal employment opportunities, equal pay, ERA, divorce law changes, and
legalized abortion.
Strict Scrutiny - correct answer ✔✔A Supreme Court test to see if a law denies equal protection
because it does not serve a compelling state interest and is not narrowly tailored to achieve that
goal
Title IX of Education Act of 1972 - correct answer ✔✔Guaranteed that women have the same
educational opportunities as men in programs receiving federal government funding
Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) - correct answer ✔✔Constitutional amendment passed by
Congress but never ratified that would have banned discrimination on the basis of gender
Lawrence v. Texas (2003) - correct answer ✔✔State law may not ban sexual relations between
same-sex partners
Don't Ask Don't Tell - correct answer ✔✔Clinton managed to gain support for a compromise
measure under which homosexual servicemen and servicewomen could remain in the military if
they did not openly declare their sexual orientation
Defence of Marriage Act - correct answer ✔✔Defined marriage at the national level & declared
that states did not have to accept same-sex marriages recognized in other states. The law also
barred federal recognition of same-sex marriage for purposes of Social Security, federal income
tax filings, and federal employee benefits.
