VSIM - RICHARDS AND CARLOS. EXAM
2025 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Which of the following statements best describes heart failure?
a) Decrease in CO caused by alteration in electrical impulses
b) Disruption in cardiac pressures caused by loss of fluid in the tissues
c) Dysfunction of the cardiac muscle caused by damage or overwork
d) Interruption of blood flow through the heart valves caused by emboli - ANS c) Dysfunction
of the cardiac muscle caused by damage or overwork
HF is a syndrome that usually involves dysfunction of the cardiac muscle. The other responses
describe MI, heart block, and hemorrhage.
A patient has been diagnosed with L-sided heart failure. Which of the following signs and
symptoms would be indicative of L-sided heart failure? (Select all that apply.)
1 Copyright ©2025 FYNDLAY ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
,a) Peripheral edema
b) Nocturia
c) Coarse breath sounds
d) Enlarged spleen
e) Shortness of breath - ANS c) Coarse breath sounds
e) Shortness of breath
L-sided HF reflects engorgement of the pulmonary veins. S&S include SOB and coarse lung
sounds. An enlarged spleen, peripheral edema, and nocturia are not commonly associated with
L-sided HF.
The nurse assistant reports the following vital signs for a patient receiving digoxin to the nurse.
Which vital sign should be reassessed before the nurse administers the digoxin?
a) BP: 116/78 mmHg
b) Respirations: 18 breaths/min
c) Radial pulse: 58 bpm
d) Temperature: 98.5 F (36.9 C) - ANS c) Radial pulse: 58 bpm
2 Copyright ©2025 FYNDLAY ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
, Apical pulse should be assessed for 1 full minute before administering digoxin. Digoxin should
be help for pulse of less than 60 bpm. Other vital signs are within acceptable ranges for a
patient taking digoxin.
A patient's serum digoxin level is 1.2 ng/mL. Which of the following interventions should the
nurse implement based on this laboratory value?
a) Gather equipment and supplies for gastric lavage
b) Infuse 10 mEq KCl intravenously
c) Administer next doe of digoxin as scheduled
d) Hold next scheduled dose of digoxin for 1 hour - ANS c) Administer next dose of digoxin as
scheduled
The serum digoxin level is within therapeutic range (0.5-2.0 ng/mL). The patient should receive
the next dose of digoxin as scheduled. Dose would be held for elevated serum digoxin level.
Gastric lavage may be indicated for digoxin overdose. Potassium infusion may be indicated for
decreased serum potassium levels.
3 Copyright ©2025 FYNDLAY ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
2025 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Which of the following statements best describes heart failure?
a) Decrease in CO caused by alteration in electrical impulses
b) Disruption in cardiac pressures caused by loss of fluid in the tissues
c) Dysfunction of the cardiac muscle caused by damage or overwork
d) Interruption of blood flow through the heart valves caused by emboli - ANS c) Dysfunction
of the cardiac muscle caused by damage or overwork
HF is a syndrome that usually involves dysfunction of the cardiac muscle. The other responses
describe MI, heart block, and hemorrhage.
A patient has been diagnosed with L-sided heart failure. Which of the following signs and
symptoms would be indicative of L-sided heart failure? (Select all that apply.)
1 Copyright ©2025 FYNDLAY ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
,a) Peripheral edema
b) Nocturia
c) Coarse breath sounds
d) Enlarged spleen
e) Shortness of breath - ANS c) Coarse breath sounds
e) Shortness of breath
L-sided HF reflects engorgement of the pulmonary veins. S&S include SOB and coarse lung
sounds. An enlarged spleen, peripheral edema, and nocturia are not commonly associated with
L-sided HF.
The nurse assistant reports the following vital signs for a patient receiving digoxin to the nurse.
Which vital sign should be reassessed before the nurse administers the digoxin?
a) BP: 116/78 mmHg
b) Respirations: 18 breaths/min
c) Radial pulse: 58 bpm
d) Temperature: 98.5 F (36.9 C) - ANS c) Radial pulse: 58 bpm
2 Copyright ©2025 FYNDLAY ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
, Apical pulse should be assessed for 1 full minute before administering digoxin. Digoxin should
be help for pulse of less than 60 bpm. Other vital signs are within acceptable ranges for a
patient taking digoxin.
A patient's serum digoxin level is 1.2 ng/mL. Which of the following interventions should the
nurse implement based on this laboratory value?
a) Gather equipment and supplies for gastric lavage
b) Infuse 10 mEq KCl intravenously
c) Administer next doe of digoxin as scheduled
d) Hold next scheduled dose of digoxin for 1 hour - ANS c) Administer next dose of digoxin as
scheduled
The serum digoxin level is within therapeutic range (0.5-2.0 ng/mL). The patient should receive
the next dose of digoxin as scheduled. Dose would be held for elevated serum digoxin level.
Gastric lavage may be indicated for digoxin overdose. Potassium infusion may be indicated for
decreased serum potassium levels.
3 Copyright ©2025 FYNDLAY ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
