UAMS HEMATOLOGY EXAM #1
2025 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What is hematology? - ....ANSWER ...-The study of blood cell formation,
destruction, maturation, and number of blood cells which can vary with disease or
infection.
What is the most common specimen of hematology? - ....ANSWER ...-
Blood, that may be clotted or anticoagulated with EDTA, heparin, or sodium
citrate.
What are the types of normal blood cells? - ....ANSWER ...-RBCs or
erythrocytes, platelets or thrombocytes (PLT), WBCs or leukocytes, monocytes,
lymphocytes, and granulocytes which include banded or segmented neutrophils,
basophils, and eosinophils.
What is CBC and what does it count? - ....ANSWER ...-Complete blood
count. RBCs, WBCs, platelets, hemoglobin, and hematocrit.
What does MCV stand for? MCH? MCHC? What causes MCH and MCHC to be
increased or decreased? - ....ANSWER ...-Mean cell volume measures the
....COPYRIGHT ©️ 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED...TRUSTED & VERIFIED 1
,size of RBCs. Mean cell hemoglobin measures the weight of hemoglobin in RBCs.
Mean cell hemoglobin content measures the average concentration of hemoglobin
within RBCs. MCH and MCHC are increased with macrocytic anemia and
decreased with microcytic anemia.
What is white cell differential? (diff) - ....ANSWER ...-It categorizes cells in a
100-cell differential based on their maturity levels, to determine if a disease or
infection is present.
What are the organs of the RES and what is their function? -
....ANSWER ...-Spleen, liver, thymus, lymph nodes, and bone marrow. The
RES is a network of cells within these tissues that help with the formation and
destruction of RBCs to fight infection and prevent bleeding, the metabolism of
iron to give to RBCs to carry oxygen through hemaglobin, inflammation, and
immunity.
What is one of the largest organs in the body and where is it found? Is the site of
active bone marrow always the same? - ....ANSWER ...-Bone marrow, found
within the cavities of cortical bones where the trabecular bone is also found. In
utero and at birth, most bones contain red bone marrow. At age 7, sites of bone
marrow begin to decrease and are restricted to proximal long bones, vertebrate,
skull, sternum, ribs, and pelvis. Adults have 50:50 ratio of red to yellow bone
marrow.
....COPYRIGHT ©️ 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED...TRUSTED & VERIFIED 2
, What are the types of bone marrow? What is the composition of red bone
marrow? - ....ANSWER ...-There are two types of bone marrow. Red that is
actively producing RBCs, and yellow that is inactive, mainly composed of fat cells.
Red bone marrow is composed of extravascular cords that contain all blood cell
lineages, stem cells, progenitor cells, adventitial cells, and macrophages. The cords
are semi liquid and wedged between sinuses, supported by trabeculae.
How does red bone marrow receive blood supply? - ....ANSWER ...-
Periosteal arteries that wrap around the central vein supply blood. The periosteal
arteries branch out to form capillaries and sinuses which hook up to larger veins to
return the blood to circulation.
How are cells released from the bone marrow? What are measures the body can
take if RBCs aren't able to be supplied fast enough? - ....ANSWER ...-The
cells are released as the body needs them. RBCs are kept at a steady rate.
Adventitial cells forming a discontinous line along the sinus will retract allowing
the RBCs to exit into circulation.
If needed, the yellow bone marrow can convert into red marrow to help make
RBCs.
What do the lymph nodes encapsulate? What do these do? - ....ANSWER ...-
Lymphocytes, plasma cells, and macrophages. They play a role in producing new
....COPYRIGHT ©️ 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED...TRUSTED & VERIFIED 3
2025 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What is hematology? - ....ANSWER ...-The study of blood cell formation,
destruction, maturation, and number of blood cells which can vary with disease or
infection.
What is the most common specimen of hematology? - ....ANSWER ...-
Blood, that may be clotted or anticoagulated with EDTA, heparin, or sodium
citrate.
What are the types of normal blood cells? - ....ANSWER ...-RBCs or
erythrocytes, platelets or thrombocytes (PLT), WBCs or leukocytes, monocytes,
lymphocytes, and granulocytes which include banded or segmented neutrophils,
basophils, and eosinophils.
What is CBC and what does it count? - ....ANSWER ...-Complete blood
count. RBCs, WBCs, platelets, hemoglobin, and hematocrit.
What does MCV stand for? MCH? MCHC? What causes MCH and MCHC to be
increased or decreased? - ....ANSWER ...-Mean cell volume measures the
....COPYRIGHT ©️ 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED...TRUSTED & VERIFIED 1
,size of RBCs. Mean cell hemoglobin measures the weight of hemoglobin in RBCs.
Mean cell hemoglobin content measures the average concentration of hemoglobin
within RBCs. MCH and MCHC are increased with macrocytic anemia and
decreased with microcytic anemia.
What is white cell differential? (diff) - ....ANSWER ...-It categorizes cells in a
100-cell differential based on their maturity levels, to determine if a disease or
infection is present.
What are the organs of the RES and what is their function? -
....ANSWER ...-Spleen, liver, thymus, lymph nodes, and bone marrow. The
RES is a network of cells within these tissues that help with the formation and
destruction of RBCs to fight infection and prevent bleeding, the metabolism of
iron to give to RBCs to carry oxygen through hemaglobin, inflammation, and
immunity.
What is one of the largest organs in the body and where is it found? Is the site of
active bone marrow always the same? - ....ANSWER ...-Bone marrow, found
within the cavities of cortical bones where the trabecular bone is also found. In
utero and at birth, most bones contain red bone marrow. At age 7, sites of bone
marrow begin to decrease and are restricted to proximal long bones, vertebrate,
skull, sternum, ribs, and pelvis. Adults have 50:50 ratio of red to yellow bone
marrow.
....COPYRIGHT ©️ 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED...TRUSTED & VERIFIED 2
, What are the types of bone marrow? What is the composition of red bone
marrow? - ....ANSWER ...-There are two types of bone marrow. Red that is
actively producing RBCs, and yellow that is inactive, mainly composed of fat cells.
Red bone marrow is composed of extravascular cords that contain all blood cell
lineages, stem cells, progenitor cells, adventitial cells, and macrophages. The cords
are semi liquid and wedged between sinuses, supported by trabeculae.
How does red bone marrow receive blood supply? - ....ANSWER ...-
Periosteal arteries that wrap around the central vein supply blood. The periosteal
arteries branch out to form capillaries and sinuses which hook up to larger veins to
return the blood to circulation.
How are cells released from the bone marrow? What are measures the body can
take if RBCs aren't able to be supplied fast enough? - ....ANSWER ...-The
cells are released as the body needs them. RBCs are kept at a steady rate.
Adventitial cells forming a discontinous line along the sinus will retract allowing
the RBCs to exit into circulation.
If needed, the yellow bone marrow can convert into red marrow to help make
RBCs.
What do the lymph nodes encapsulate? What do these do? - ....ANSWER ...-
Lymphocytes, plasma cells, and macrophages. They play a role in producing new
....COPYRIGHT ©️ 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED...TRUSTED & VERIFIED 3
