NURS 502 PHARM EXAM 2| 60+ ACTUAL QUESTIONS & CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS | GRADED A+

NURS 502 PHARM EXAM 2| 60+ ACTUAL QUESTIONS &
CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS | GRADED A+


1. Name the 6 classes of non-insulin diabetes medications. ANS >> 1)
biguanides (metformin)

2) sulfonylureas (the gl- -ides)

3) thiazolidinediones (TZDs; the -glitazones)

4) GLP-1 receptor agonists (exenatide, liraglutide)

5) DPP-4 inhibitors (the -gliptins)

6) SGLT-2 inhibitors (the -gliflozins)

2. What are the 3 major A1C ADA standards of care goals?

Which patients are appropriate for each A1C goal? ANS >> <7%, <6.5%, and
<8%

1) A1C <7% for many non pregnant adults is a reasonable A1C goal

2) A1C <6.5% for patients who have had T2DM for a short duration, have T2DM
treated with lifestyle or metformin only, long life expectancy, or no significant CVD

3) A1C <8% for its w/ h/o severe hypoglycemia, limited life expectancy, advanced
microvascular or microvascular complications, extensive comorbid conditions, or
long-standing diabetes in home the goal is difficult to achieve

3. Define hirsutism. ANS >> unwanted male-pattern hair growth on a woman's
face, chest, and back
1 N/ N
24

,4. How does metformin help control blood glucose? ANS >> lowers blood
glucose by decreasing hepatic glucose production and increasing insulin

sensitivity in both hepatic and peripheral muscle tissues.

5. How do thiazolidinediones lower blood glucose? ANS >> Increases free fatty
acids by binding to PPAR-gamma; increases insulin sensitivity by stimulating
PPAR-gamma;

binds to the PPAR-y (gamma) receptor in peripheral tissues to increase glucose
transporters (this increases glucose into the cell)

6. What are the 4 contraindications for thiazolidinediones? ANS >> 1) heart
failure (bc TZDs can cause fluid retention)

2) pregnancy (bc they are Pregnancy Category C)

3) active bladder CA

4) baseline ALT >2.5 times the ULN (upper limit of normal)

7. What are the side effects of thiazolidinediones? ANS >> 1) fluid retention and
edema

2) hepatotoxicity (but symptoms reverse w/in a few weeks of d/c the med), but check
LFTs (liver function tests) at baseline and periodically)

3) increase risk of heart failure

4) increase risk of upper and lower limb fractures (osteoporosis)




2 N/ N
24

, 5) may cause premenopausal anovulatory women to start ovulating, so counsel
N N N N N N N N N


all women capable of becoming pregnant
N N N N N N




6) increased risk of bladder CA N N N N




7) rosiglitazone may increase risk of MI and CV disease N N N N N N N N




8) weight gain N




8. What do all the drugs in the TZD class end in? ANS >> -glitazone
N N N N N N N N N N N N NN




9. What do (almost) all the drugs in the Sulfonylurea class start and
N N N N N N N N N N N


end in? ANS >> start with Gl-
N N N N NN N N




End in -ide N N




e.g. Glipizide, Glyburide, Glimepiride
N N N




10. What is the most important drug in the Biguanides class? ANS >>
N N N N N N N N N N N N


Metformin N




11. What do the drugs in the GLP-1 receptor agonist class end in? ANS >> -tid
N N N N N N N N N N N N N NN




e.g. Exenatide, Liraglutide
N N




12. What do the drugs in the DPP-4 Inhibitors class end in? ANS >> -gliptin
N N N N N N N N N N N N NN




e.g. Saxagliptin, Linagliptin, Alogliptin
N N N




13. What do the drugs in the SGLT-2 inhibitors class end in? ANS >> -gliflozin
N N N N N N N N N N N N NN




e.g. Canagliflozin, Dapagliflozin, Empagliflozin
N N N

3 N/ N
24