PBSI 107: Foundations of Psychology – Exam 1
Guide
Psychology - correct answer ✔✔scientific study of behavior & mental processes
- applies scientific method
Contemporary Psychological Perspectives (5) - correct answer ✔✔1. Biological
2. Behavioral
3. Cognitive
4. Psychoanalytic
5. Humanist (Subjectivist)
Biological Perspective - correct answer ✔✔specifies neurobiological processes underlying
behavior & mental processes
- relationship btwn brain activity & behavior
- brain mechanisms in psychopathology
- psychotherapeutics
Behavioral Perspective - correct answer ✔✔focuses on observable stimuli & responses
- Stimulus-Response (S-R) Psychology
- emphasis on learning (conditioning)
- reinforcement history is critical
Cognitive Perspective - correct answer ✔✔concerned w/ mental processes:
- perceiving, remembering, reasoning, deciding, planning, problem solving
- contrasts w/ behavioral perspective
, Psychoanalytic Perspective - correct answer ✔✔Sigmund Freud: behavior stems from
unconscious processes
- beliefs, fears, & desires a person is unaware of but that still influence behavior
- emphasis on sexual & aggressive desires
Humanist (Subjectivist) Perspective - correct answer ✔✔human behavior is a function of the
perceived world (not the objective world)
- person's definition of the situation important
- stresses cultural & individual differences in behavior
- "Self-Actualization"
Scientific Method - correct answer ✔✔1. Theory (use to form hypothesis)
2. Hypothesis
3. Research (design study; perform research)
4. Observation (create/modify theory)
Theory - correct answer ✔✔a set of ideas about a phenomenon
Hypothesis - correct answer ✔✔a statement that can be tested
scientific method should be _________ & _________ - correct answer ✔✔- unbiased (does not
favor one hypothesis over another)
- reliable (others researchers can repeat the observations & results)
experimental groups - correct answer ✔✔the group that receives the treatment
Guide
Psychology - correct answer ✔✔scientific study of behavior & mental processes
- applies scientific method
Contemporary Psychological Perspectives (5) - correct answer ✔✔1. Biological
2. Behavioral
3. Cognitive
4. Psychoanalytic
5. Humanist (Subjectivist)
Biological Perspective - correct answer ✔✔specifies neurobiological processes underlying
behavior & mental processes
- relationship btwn brain activity & behavior
- brain mechanisms in psychopathology
- psychotherapeutics
Behavioral Perspective - correct answer ✔✔focuses on observable stimuli & responses
- Stimulus-Response (S-R) Psychology
- emphasis on learning (conditioning)
- reinforcement history is critical
Cognitive Perspective - correct answer ✔✔concerned w/ mental processes:
- perceiving, remembering, reasoning, deciding, planning, problem solving
- contrasts w/ behavioral perspective
, Psychoanalytic Perspective - correct answer ✔✔Sigmund Freud: behavior stems from
unconscious processes
- beliefs, fears, & desires a person is unaware of but that still influence behavior
- emphasis on sexual & aggressive desires
Humanist (Subjectivist) Perspective - correct answer ✔✔human behavior is a function of the
perceived world (not the objective world)
- person's definition of the situation important
- stresses cultural & individual differences in behavior
- "Self-Actualization"
Scientific Method - correct answer ✔✔1. Theory (use to form hypothesis)
2. Hypothesis
3. Research (design study; perform research)
4. Observation (create/modify theory)
Theory - correct answer ✔✔a set of ideas about a phenomenon
Hypothesis - correct answer ✔✔a statement that can be tested
scientific method should be _________ & _________ - correct answer ✔✔- unbiased (does not
favor one hypothesis over another)
- reliable (others researchers can repeat the observations & results)
experimental groups - correct answer ✔✔the group that receives the treatment
