PHARMACOLOGY EXAM 2 PRACTICE 200+
QUESTIONS AND 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS
2025 / GRADED A+ / GUARANTEED PASS!!
-The client has a history of cardiac disease and receives furosemide (Lasix) and
digoxin (Lanoxin). The nurse determines that education about dietary needs with
these medications has been effective when the client makes which selection for
lunch?
1. Cottage-cheese-and-peach salad and blueberry pie
2. Baked fish, sweet potatoes, and banana pudding
3. Green bean soup, whole-wheat bread, and an apple
4. Hamburger, french fries, and chocolate chip cookies
- answer-2. Baked fish, sweet potatoes, and banana pudding
•A client is diagnosed with chronic renal failure and is receiving
hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ). The nurse has taught the client about the importance
of kidney function and evaluates that learning has occurred when the client makes
which statements?
Select all that apply
•1. "The kidneys help my heart by balancing potassium."
•2. "The kidneys help decrease infections by excreting bacteria."
•3. "The kidneys keep blood pressure from getting too low."
•4. "The kidneys balance the fluid and electrolytes in my body."
•5. "The kidneys help regulate the oxygen levels in my blood."
- answer-•1. "The kidneys help my heart by balancing potassium."
•3. "The kidneys keep blood pressure from getting too low."
•4. "The kidneys balance the fluid and electrolytes in my body."
•A client is prescribed nifedipine to treat hypertension and chronic stable angina.
Which assessment finding is of greatest concern relative to potential adverse
effects of nifedipine for this client?
•1. Facial flushing
•2. Respiratory rate 20 breaths per minute
•3. Pedal edema 1+
1|Page
,•4. Heart rate 132 beats per minute
- answer-•4. Heart rate 132 beats per minute
•A health care provider in a clinic writes several prescriptions for an older client.
The nurse notices several medications are in the same class as drugs listed on the
client's intake form. What should the nurse do next?
•1. Set the prescriptions to the side and follow up on the issue at a later date.
•2. Ask the primary health care provider if he was aware his client had been
prescribed medications in the same drug class as those prescribed by the
cardiologist.
•3. Throw the prescriptions away.
•4. Give them to the client.
- answer-Correct Answer: 2
Rationale 1: Not addressing this issue while the client is still in the clinic is likely
to result in its being lost to follow-up.
*Rationale 2: Duplication in therapy appears to be present; this needs to be
clarified with the prescriber.
Rationale 3: The nurse should not throw the prescriptions away unless it is
determined that they are inappropriate.
Rationale 4: A duplication in therapy is likely to result in a poor outcome.
Global Rationale: Duplication in therapy appears to be present; this needs to be
clarified with the prescriber. Not addressing this issue while the client is still in the
clinic is likely to result in its being lost to follow-up. The nurse should not throw
the prescriptions away unless it is determined that they are inappropriate. A
duplication in therapy is likely to result in a poor outcome.
•A nurse is caring for a 78 year old client who has multiple medications ordered to
treat various health problems. The nurse considers that which common age-related
physical changes are most likely to require a reduction in medication dosage for
this client? Select all that apply.
1. Increased rate of drug retention
2. Decreased total body fluid proportionate to body mass
3. Decrease efficiency in drug distribution
4. Decreased rate of drug metabolism by the liver
5. Significant weight gain.
- answer-Answer: 1, 2, 4
2|Page
,Tricky is number 3*** though the statement is true if you have decreased drug
distribution you would need to increased the dose, which does not answer the
question...
And number 5 is false, older adults tend to loose weight.
•After a stressful event, a client's blood pressure and heart rate rise. Which system
is most likely responsible for this physiologic change?
•1. The respiratory system
•2. The parasympathetic nervous system
•3. The acid-base buffer system
•4. The autonomic nervous system
- answer-•4. The autonomic nervous system
•An infant recently prescribed the anti-infective gentamicin is brought to the
emergency department with oliguria, hematuria, cloudy urine, and fever. Which
diagnosis would the nurse anticipate for this infant based on the assessment
findings?
•1. Respiratory distress syndrome
•2. Gasping syndrome (problem with metabolism)
•3. Nephrotoxicity
•4. Neurotoxicity
- answer-Correct Answer: 3
Rationale 1: Respiratory distress syndrome is a respiratory problem seen in young
children.
Rationale 2: Gasping syndrome is a problem with metabolism, not excretion, in
infants.
*Rationale 3: Nephrotoxicity is the diagnosis the nurse would anticipate because of
the infant's immature renal system and inability to excrete drugs adequately.
Rationale 4: Neurotoxicity is a problem with the nervous system.
Global Rationale: Nephrotoxicity is the diagnosis the nurse would anticipate
because of the infant's immature renal system and inability to excrete drugs
adequately. Respiratory distress syndrome is a respiratory problem seen in young
children. Gasping syndrome is a problem with metabolism, not excretion, in
infants. Neurotoxicity is a problem with the nervous system.
3|Page
, •Student nurses are learning about the FDA pregnancy categories. What is the best
information for the nurse educator to include? Select all that apply.
•1. FDA preg cat for individual drugs seldom change once they are established.
•2. FDA preg cat are based on clinical human studies.
•3. FDA preg cat provide a framework for safe use of drugs in pregnant women.
•4. FDA preg cat X has been associated with teratogenic effects.
•5. FDA preg cat C is safe to use during pregnancy.
- answer-Correct Answer: 3,4
Rationale 1: FDA pregnancy categories for individual drugs change as new
information is obtained.--> continuous research
Rationale 2: Testing drugs on humans to determine their ability to cause birth
anomalies is illegal and unethical. Drugs are tested on pregnant animals.
*Rationale 3: FDA pregnancy categories provide a guideline for prescribers to help
them choose the least teratogenic drug possible.
*Rationale 4: FDA pregnancy category X medications should never be given
during pregnancy.
Rationale 5: FDA pregnancy category C includes drugs that we do not have
sufficient information for in order to determine their safety. This includes about
two-thirds of all prescribed medications.
Global Rationale: FDA pregnancy categories provide a guideline for prescribers to
help them choose the least teratogenic drug possible. FDA pregnancy category X
medications should never be given during pregnancy. FDA pregnancy categories
for individual drugs change as new information is obtained. Testing drugs on
humans to determine their ability to cause birth anomalies is illegal and unethical.
Drugs are tested on pregnant animals. FDA pregnancy category C includes drugs
that we do not have sufficient information for in order to determine their safety.
This includes about two-thirds of all prescribed medications.
•The client diagnosed with cancer tells the nurse, "This is a punishment from God
for the sins I have committed. Some of the women at my church say so." Which
intervention will best meet the client's spiritual needs?
•1. Plan to involve a hospital minister to discuss the client's perspective about
cancer.
•2. Plan to meet with family members to discuss their feeling about the cancer and
prognosis.
•3. Plan to contact the client's minister to make a visit.
4|Page
QUESTIONS AND 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS
2025 / GRADED A+ / GUARANTEED PASS!!
-The client has a history of cardiac disease and receives furosemide (Lasix) and
digoxin (Lanoxin). The nurse determines that education about dietary needs with
these medications has been effective when the client makes which selection for
lunch?
1. Cottage-cheese-and-peach salad and blueberry pie
2. Baked fish, sweet potatoes, and banana pudding
3. Green bean soup, whole-wheat bread, and an apple
4. Hamburger, french fries, and chocolate chip cookies
- answer-2. Baked fish, sweet potatoes, and banana pudding
•A client is diagnosed with chronic renal failure and is receiving
hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ). The nurse has taught the client about the importance
of kidney function and evaluates that learning has occurred when the client makes
which statements?
Select all that apply
•1. "The kidneys help my heart by balancing potassium."
•2. "The kidneys help decrease infections by excreting bacteria."
•3. "The kidneys keep blood pressure from getting too low."
•4. "The kidneys balance the fluid and electrolytes in my body."
•5. "The kidneys help regulate the oxygen levels in my blood."
- answer-•1. "The kidneys help my heart by balancing potassium."
•3. "The kidneys keep blood pressure from getting too low."
•4. "The kidneys balance the fluid and electrolytes in my body."
•A client is prescribed nifedipine to treat hypertension and chronic stable angina.
Which assessment finding is of greatest concern relative to potential adverse
effects of nifedipine for this client?
•1. Facial flushing
•2. Respiratory rate 20 breaths per minute
•3. Pedal edema 1+
1|Page
,•4. Heart rate 132 beats per minute
- answer-•4. Heart rate 132 beats per minute
•A health care provider in a clinic writes several prescriptions for an older client.
The nurse notices several medications are in the same class as drugs listed on the
client's intake form. What should the nurse do next?
•1. Set the prescriptions to the side and follow up on the issue at a later date.
•2. Ask the primary health care provider if he was aware his client had been
prescribed medications in the same drug class as those prescribed by the
cardiologist.
•3. Throw the prescriptions away.
•4. Give them to the client.
- answer-Correct Answer: 2
Rationale 1: Not addressing this issue while the client is still in the clinic is likely
to result in its being lost to follow-up.
*Rationale 2: Duplication in therapy appears to be present; this needs to be
clarified with the prescriber.
Rationale 3: The nurse should not throw the prescriptions away unless it is
determined that they are inappropriate.
Rationale 4: A duplication in therapy is likely to result in a poor outcome.
Global Rationale: Duplication in therapy appears to be present; this needs to be
clarified with the prescriber. Not addressing this issue while the client is still in the
clinic is likely to result in its being lost to follow-up. The nurse should not throw
the prescriptions away unless it is determined that they are inappropriate. A
duplication in therapy is likely to result in a poor outcome.
•A nurse is caring for a 78 year old client who has multiple medications ordered to
treat various health problems. The nurse considers that which common age-related
physical changes are most likely to require a reduction in medication dosage for
this client? Select all that apply.
1. Increased rate of drug retention
2. Decreased total body fluid proportionate to body mass
3. Decrease efficiency in drug distribution
4. Decreased rate of drug metabolism by the liver
5. Significant weight gain.
- answer-Answer: 1, 2, 4
2|Page
,Tricky is number 3*** though the statement is true if you have decreased drug
distribution you would need to increased the dose, which does not answer the
question...
And number 5 is false, older adults tend to loose weight.
•After a stressful event, a client's blood pressure and heart rate rise. Which system
is most likely responsible for this physiologic change?
•1. The respiratory system
•2. The parasympathetic nervous system
•3. The acid-base buffer system
•4. The autonomic nervous system
- answer-•4. The autonomic nervous system
•An infant recently prescribed the anti-infective gentamicin is brought to the
emergency department with oliguria, hematuria, cloudy urine, and fever. Which
diagnosis would the nurse anticipate for this infant based on the assessment
findings?
•1. Respiratory distress syndrome
•2. Gasping syndrome (problem with metabolism)
•3. Nephrotoxicity
•4. Neurotoxicity
- answer-Correct Answer: 3
Rationale 1: Respiratory distress syndrome is a respiratory problem seen in young
children.
Rationale 2: Gasping syndrome is a problem with metabolism, not excretion, in
infants.
*Rationale 3: Nephrotoxicity is the diagnosis the nurse would anticipate because of
the infant's immature renal system and inability to excrete drugs adequately.
Rationale 4: Neurotoxicity is a problem with the nervous system.
Global Rationale: Nephrotoxicity is the diagnosis the nurse would anticipate
because of the infant's immature renal system and inability to excrete drugs
adequately. Respiratory distress syndrome is a respiratory problem seen in young
children. Gasping syndrome is a problem with metabolism, not excretion, in
infants. Neurotoxicity is a problem with the nervous system.
3|Page
, •Student nurses are learning about the FDA pregnancy categories. What is the best
information for the nurse educator to include? Select all that apply.
•1. FDA preg cat for individual drugs seldom change once they are established.
•2. FDA preg cat are based on clinical human studies.
•3. FDA preg cat provide a framework for safe use of drugs in pregnant women.
•4. FDA preg cat X has been associated with teratogenic effects.
•5. FDA preg cat C is safe to use during pregnancy.
- answer-Correct Answer: 3,4
Rationale 1: FDA pregnancy categories for individual drugs change as new
information is obtained.--> continuous research
Rationale 2: Testing drugs on humans to determine their ability to cause birth
anomalies is illegal and unethical. Drugs are tested on pregnant animals.
*Rationale 3: FDA pregnancy categories provide a guideline for prescribers to help
them choose the least teratogenic drug possible.
*Rationale 4: FDA pregnancy category X medications should never be given
during pregnancy.
Rationale 5: FDA pregnancy category C includes drugs that we do not have
sufficient information for in order to determine their safety. This includes about
two-thirds of all prescribed medications.
Global Rationale: FDA pregnancy categories provide a guideline for prescribers to
help them choose the least teratogenic drug possible. FDA pregnancy category X
medications should never be given during pregnancy. FDA pregnancy categories
for individual drugs change as new information is obtained. Testing drugs on
humans to determine their ability to cause birth anomalies is illegal and unethical.
Drugs are tested on pregnant animals. FDA pregnancy category C includes drugs
that we do not have sufficient information for in order to determine their safety.
This includes about two-thirds of all prescribed medications.
•The client diagnosed with cancer tells the nurse, "This is a punishment from God
for the sins I have committed. Some of the women at my church say so." Which
intervention will best meet the client's spiritual needs?
•1. Plan to involve a hospital minister to discuss the client's perspective about
cancer.
•2. Plan to meet with family members to discuss their feeling about the cancer and
prognosis.
•3. Plan to contact the client's minister to make a visit.
4|Page
