Biology 206 Final Exam | 2025–2026
Solved Edition
All Questions and Answers Verified & Solved | 100% Correct | A+ Final Exam
Preparation
Introduction
This comprehensive resource includes 100 fully solved and correct multiple-choice questions
for the 2025–2026 Biology 206 Final Exam. Aligned with updated course objectives, this
guide equips students with the foundational knowledge and applied understanding needed to
master topics in human anatomy and physiology.
Topics Covered:
• Structure and Function of Cells and Tissues
• Skeletal, Muscular, and Nervous Systems
• Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems
• Digestive and Urinary Systems
• Endocrine and Reproductive Physiology
• Homeostasis and Feedback Mechanisms
• Blood Composition and Immune Response
• Basic Pathophysiology Concepts
All correct answers are marked in bold and green for quick recognition and efficient study.
Rationales are included for challenging questions to support deeper understanding.
Exam Questions and Answers
Question 1
Question: What is the primary function of the plasma membrane in a eukaryotic cell?
A) Synthesizing proteins
B) Regulating the passage of substances into and out of the cell
C) Storing genetic material
D) Producing energy
Rationale: The plasma membrane controls substance movement, maintaining cellular
homeostasis via selective permeability.
Question 2
Question: Which tissue type is specialized for contraction and movement?
A) Epithelial
B) Muscle
C) Connective
D) Nervous
Answer: Muscle tissue enables movement through contraction.
Question 3
Question: What molecule provides immediate energy for skeletal muscle contraction?
A) Glucose
B) ATP
,C) Oxygen
D) Lactic acid
Rationale: ATP fuels the interaction of actin and myosin filaments in muscle contraction.
Question 4
Question: Which bone forms the upper arm?
A) Radius
B) Humerus
C) Ulna
D) Scapula
Answer: The humerus connects the shoulder to the elbow in the upper arm.
Question 5
Question: What is the role of the myelin sheath in the nervous system?
A) Synthesizing neurotransmitters
B) Increasing the speed of nerve impulse conduction
C) Protecting the brain
D) Regulating blood flow
Rationale: The myelin sheath insulates axons, enabling faster impulse transmission via
saltatory conduction.
Question 6
Question: Which part of the neuron receives signals from other neurons?
A) Axon
B) Dendrites
C) Soma
D) Axon terminal
Answer: Dendrites receive and transmit signals to the neuron’s cell body.
Question 7
Question: What is the primary function of red blood cells?
A) Fighting infection
B) Transporting oxygen
C) Clotting blood
D) Producing antibodies
Answer: Red blood cells carry oxygen via hemoglobin.
Question 8
Question: Which heart chamber pumps oxygenated blood into the aorta?
A) Right atrium
B) Left ventricle
C) Right ventricle
D) Left atrium
Answer: The left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood into systemic circulation.
Question 9
Question: Where does gas exchange primarily occur in the respiratory system?
A) Bronchi
B) Alveoli
C) Trachea
, D) Bronchioles
Answer: Alveoli facilitate oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange with the bloodstream.
Question 10
Question: Which enzyme initiates carbohydrate digestion in the mouth?
A) Lipase
B) Amylase
C) Pepsin
D) Trypsin
Answer: Salivary amylase begins carbohydrate breakdown.
Question 11
Question: What is the nephron’s primary function in the kidney?
A) Producing urine
B) Filtering blood and regulating fluid balance
C) Synthesizing hormones
D) Storing nutrients
Rationale: The nephron filters blood, reabsorbs essentials, and excretes waste to maintain
fluid balance.
Question 12
Question: Which hormone promotes glucose uptake in cells?
A) Cortisol
B) Insulin
C) Glucagon
D) Epinephrine
Answer: Insulin lowers blood glucose by facilitating cellular uptake.
Question 13
Question: What role does the hypothalamus play in homeostasis?
A) Producing digestive enzymes
B) Monitoring and regulating internal conditions
C) Generating muscle contractions
D) Synthesizing blood cells
Rationale: The hypothalamus coordinates responses to maintain internal stability.
Question 14
Question: Which feedback mechanism amplifies a response, as in childbirth?
A) Negative feedback
B) Positive feedback
C) Homeostatic imbalance
D) Neutral feedback
Rationale: Positive feedback intensifies processes like labor contractions.
Question 15
Question: What is the primary component of blood plasma?
A) Red blood cells
B) Water
C) White blood cells
Solved Edition
All Questions and Answers Verified & Solved | 100% Correct | A+ Final Exam
Preparation
Introduction
This comprehensive resource includes 100 fully solved and correct multiple-choice questions
for the 2025–2026 Biology 206 Final Exam. Aligned with updated course objectives, this
guide equips students with the foundational knowledge and applied understanding needed to
master topics in human anatomy and physiology.
Topics Covered:
• Structure and Function of Cells and Tissues
• Skeletal, Muscular, and Nervous Systems
• Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems
• Digestive and Urinary Systems
• Endocrine and Reproductive Physiology
• Homeostasis and Feedback Mechanisms
• Blood Composition and Immune Response
• Basic Pathophysiology Concepts
All correct answers are marked in bold and green for quick recognition and efficient study.
Rationales are included for challenging questions to support deeper understanding.
Exam Questions and Answers
Question 1
Question: What is the primary function of the plasma membrane in a eukaryotic cell?
A) Synthesizing proteins
B) Regulating the passage of substances into and out of the cell
C) Storing genetic material
D) Producing energy
Rationale: The plasma membrane controls substance movement, maintaining cellular
homeostasis via selective permeability.
Question 2
Question: Which tissue type is specialized for contraction and movement?
A) Epithelial
B) Muscle
C) Connective
D) Nervous
Answer: Muscle tissue enables movement through contraction.
Question 3
Question: What molecule provides immediate energy for skeletal muscle contraction?
A) Glucose
B) ATP
,C) Oxygen
D) Lactic acid
Rationale: ATP fuels the interaction of actin and myosin filaments in muscle contraction.
Question 4
Question: Which bone forms the upper arm?
A) Radius
B) Humerus
C) Ulna
D) Scapula
Answer: The humerus connects the shoulder to the elbow in the upper arm.
Question 5
Question: What is the role of the myelin sheath in the nervous system?
A) Synthesizing neurotransmitters
B) Increasing the speed of nerve impulse conduction
C) Protecting the brain
D) Regulating blood flow
Rationale: The myelin sheath insulates axons, enabling faster impulse transmission via
saltatory conduction.
Question 6
Question: Which part of the neuron receives signals from other neurons?
A) Axon
B) Dendrites
C) Soma
D) Axon terminal
Answer: Dendrites receive and transmit signals to the neuron’s cell body.
Question 7
Question: What is the primary function of red blood cells?
A) Fighting infection
B) Transporting oxygen
C) Clotting blood
D) Producing antibodies
Answer: Red blood cells carry oxygen via hemoglobin.
Question 8
Question: Which heart chamber pumps oxygenated blood into the aorta?
A) Right atrium
B) Left ventricle
C) Right ventricle
D) Left atrium
Answer: The left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood into systemic circulation.
Question 9
Question: Where does gas exchange primarily occur in the respiratory system?
A) Bronchi
B) Alveoli
C) Trachea
, D) Bronchioles
Answer: Alveoli facilitate oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange with the bloodstream.
Question 10
Question: Which enzyme initiates carbohydrate digestion in the mouth?
A) Lipase
B) Amylase
C) Pepsin
D) Trypsin
Answer: Salivary amylase begins carbohydrate breakdown.
Question 11
Question: What is the nephron’s primary function in the kidney?
A) Producing urine
B) Filtering blood and regulating fluid balance
C) Synthesizing hormones
D) Storing nutrients
Rationale: The nephron filters blood, reabsorbs essentials, and excretes waste to maintain
fluid balance.
Question 12
Question: Which hormone promotes glucose uptake in cells?
A) Cortisol
B) Insulin
C) Glucagon
D) Epinephrine
Answer: Insulin lowers blood glucose by facilitating cellular uptake.
Question 13
Question: What role does the hypothalamus play in homeostasis?
A) Producing digestive enzymes
B) Monitoring and regulating internal conditions
C) Generating muscle contractions
D) Synthesizing blood cells
Rationale: The hypothalamus coordinates responses to maintain internal stability.
Question 14
Question: Which feedback mechanism amplifies a response, as in childbirth?
A) Negative feedback
B) Positive feedback
C) Homeostatic imbalance
D) Neutral feedback
Rationale: Positive feedback intensifies processes like labor contractions.
Question 15
Question: What is the primary component of blood plasma?
A) Red blood cells
B) Water
C) White blood cells
