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Samenvatting microbiologie: algemene inleiding virologie

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July 7, 2025
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2024/2025
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Inhoud
Historisch overzicht ................................................................................................................................. 2
Definitie virologie .................................................................................................................................... 3
Taxonomie van belangrijkste virussen in humane geneeskunde............................................................ 4
Papillomaviridae: taxonomie............................................................................................................... 4
Virale structuur........................................................................................................................................ 5
Symmetrie van capsid ......................................................................................................................... 6
Samengevat: ........................................................................................................................................ 6
Viral life cycle........................................................................................................................................... 7
1. Attachment ...................................................................................................................................... 7
2 & 3. Penetration en uncoating ......................................................................................................... 8
4. Replication ....................................................................................................................................... 8
5 & 6. Assembly en release ................................................................................................................. 9
Antivirale therapie ................................................................................................................................. 10
Virussen en immuunysteem van de gastheer ....................................................................................... 10
Virale factoren bij het ontstaan van de ziekte ...................................................................................... 10
Vaccinaties tegen virale ziekten ............................................................................................................ 11




1

, Les 1: Algemene inleiding virologie
Historisch overzicht




• Mid 19de eeuw – begin 20ste eeuw: grote vooruitgang in bacteriologie
o Louis Pasteur
o Robert Koch
o 1884: Chamberland filter door Charles Chamberland
▪ Filter die bacteriën niet doorlaat
o 1892: Ontdekking door Dimitri Ivanovsky dat bepaalde tobacco ziekte werd
veroorzaakt door het agens dat in staat was om Chamberland filter te passeren: virus




• Evolutie in microscopen
o 1675: microscoop van Anton van Leeuwenhoeck
▪ Limiet van resolutie van de beste licht microscoop: 200 nm
➢ Virussen nog niet te zien; miniscuul klein, niet waarneembaar in
lichtmicroscoop
➢ Virussen variëren van 30 (polio) tot 400 nm (vaccinia)
o 1933: eerste electron microscoop van Ernst Ruska
o Einde 20ste eeuw: modern electron microscoop




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