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TEST BANK Canadian Fundamentals of Nursing 2025/2026

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TEST BANK Canadian Fundamentals of Nursing Patricia A. Potter, Anne Griffin Perry, Patricia A. Stockert, Amy Hall, Barbara J. Astle & Wendy Duggleby 6th Table of Contents Chapter 01 Health and Wellness 2 Chapter 02 The Canadian Health Care Delivery System 11 Chapter 03 The Development of Nursing in Canada 19 Chapter 04 Community Health Nursing Practice 25 Chapter 05 Theoretical Foundations of Nursing Practice 34 Chapter 06 Evidence-Informed Practice 40 Chapter 07 Nursing Values and Ethics 48 Chapter 08 Legal Implications in Nursing Practice 56 Chapter 09 Global Health 67 Chapter 10 Indigenous Health 75 Chapter 11 Nursing Leadership, Management, and Collaborative Practice 83 Chapter 12 Critical Thinking in Nursing Practice 91 Chapter 13 Nursing Assessment, Diagnosis, and Planning 99 Chapter 14 Implementing and Evaluating Nursing Care 110 Chapter 15 Documenting and Reporting 121 Chapter 16 Nursing Informatics and Canadian Nursing Practice 135 Chapter 17 Communication and Relational Practice 142 Chapter 18 Patient-Centred Care Interprofessional Collaborative Practice 154 Chapter 19 Family Nursing 161 Chapter 20 Patient Education 175 Chapter 21 Developmental Theories 187 Chapter 22 Conception Through Adolescence 196 Chapter 23 Young to Middle Adulthood 206 Chapter 24 Older Persons 215 Chapter 25 The Experience of Loss, Death, and Grief 226 Chapter 26 Self-Concept 236 Chapter 27 Sexuality 244 Chapter 28 Spirituality in Health and Health Care 253 Chapter 29 Stress and Adaptation 261 Chapter 30 Vital Signs 269 Chapter 31 Pain Assessment and Management 286 Chapter 32 Health Assessment and Physical Examination 302 Chapter 33 Infection Control 317 Chapter 34 Medication Administration 335 Chapter 35 Complementary and Alternative Approaches in Health Care 350 Chapter 36 Activity and Exercise 358 Chapter 37 Quality and Patient Safety 370 Chapter 38 Hygiene Chapter 39 Cardiopulmonary Functioning and Oxygenation 401 Chapter 40 Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid–Base Balances 417 Chapter 41 Sleep 433 Chapter 42 Nutrition 441 Chapter 43 Urinary Elimination 457 Chapter 44 Bowel Elimination 472 Chapter 45 Mobility and Immobility 485 Chapter 46 Skin Integrity and Wound Care 503 Chapter 47 Sensory Alterations 523 Chapter 48 Care of Surgical Patients Chapter 01: Health and Wellness Potter et al: Canadian Fundamentals of Nursing, 6th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. The nurse is using the population health promotion model to develop actions for improving health. After asking, “On what should we take action?”; “How should we take action?”; and “Why should we take action?” the nurse will ask which of the following questions? a. “With whom should we act?” b. “When should we take action?” c. “Which government should take action?” d. “Where should we first act?” ANS: A The next question to ask when using the population health model approach is “With whom should we act?” The other choices are not questions included in this model. DIF: Apply REF: 13 (Figure 1-5) OBJ: Contrast distinguishing features of health promotion and disease prevention. TOP: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance 2. The principle “Health promotion is multisectoral” means which of the following? a. Relationships between individual, social, and environmental factors must be recognized. b. Physical, mental, social, ecological, cultural, and spiritual aspects of health must be recognized. c. In order to change unhealthy living and working conditions, areas other than health must also be involved. d. Health promotion uses knowledge from disciplines such as social, economic, political, environmental, medical, and nursing sciences, as well as from first-hand experience. ANS: C The statement “Health promotion is multisectoral” is the principle explained by the necessity to involve areas other than health in order to change unhealthy living and working conditions. DIF: Understand REF: 11 OBJ: Contrast distinguishing features of health promotion and disease prevention. TOP: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance 3. According to the World Health Organization, what is the best description of “health”? a. Simply the absence of disease. b. Involving the total person and environment. c. Strictly personal in nature. d. Status of pathological state. ANS: B ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ Test Bank - Canadian Fundamentals of Nursing, 6e (Potter, Perry, 2019) 1 | P a g WHO defines health as “. . .the extent to which an individual or group is able, on the one hand, to realize aspirations and satisfy needs; and, on the other hand, to change or cope with the environment. Health is, therefore, seen as a resource for everyday life, not the objective of living; it is a positive concept emphasizing social and personal resources, as well as physical capacities.” Nurses’ attitudes toward health and illness should consider the total person, as well as the environment in which the person lives. People free of disease are not equally healthy. Views of health have broadened to include mental, social, and spiritual well-being, as well as a focus on health at family and community levels. Conditions of life, rather than pathological states, are what determine health. DIF: Knowledge REF: 2 OBJ: Discuss ways that definitions of health have been conceptualized. TOP: Evaluate MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance 4. What priority strategy for health promotion in Canada is optional but seen as important to incorporate in nursing education curricula? a. Knowledge of disease prevention. b. Strategies for health promotion. c. Policy advocacy. d. Concepts of determinants of health. ANS: C Increasingly, policy advocacy is incorporated into nursing role statements and nursing education curricula. Nurses should think about policies that have contributed to health problems, policies that would help alleviate health problems, and how nurses champion public policies. Disease prevention, health promotion, and concepts of determinants of health are integral parts of nursing curricula. DIF: Understand REF: 11| 12 OBJ: Analyze how the nature and scope of nursing practice are influenced by different conceptualizations of health and health determinants. TOP: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance 5. Which of the following is a prerequisite for health, as identified by the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion? a. Education. b. Social support. c. Self-esteem. d. Physical environment. ANS: A Education is one of the nine prerequisites for health that were identified in the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion. Lack of social support and low self-esteem were identified as psychosocial risk factors by Labonte (1993). Dangerous physical environments were identified as socioenvironmental risk factors by Labonte (1993). DIF: Understand REF: 4 OBJ: Discuss contributions of the following Canadian publications to conceptualizations of health and health determinants: Lalonde Report, Ottawa Charter, Epp Report, Strategies for Population Health, Jakarta Declaration, Bangkok Charter, Toronto Charter. TOP: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ Test Bank - Canadian Fundamentals of Nursing, 6e (Potter, Perry, 2019) 2 | P a g 6. The determinant of health with the greatest effect on the health of Canadians is which of the following? a. Education. b. Health services. c. Social support networks. d. Income and social status. ANS: D Income, income distribution, and social status constitute the greatest determinant of health because they influence most other determinants. Some investigators suggest that literacy and education are important influences on health status because they affect many other health determinants. Approximately 25% of a population’s health status is attributed to the quality of its health care services. Social support affects health, health behaviours, and health care utilization but is not the greatest determinant of health. DIF: Understand REF: 6 OBJ: Discuss key health determinants and their interrelationships and how they influence health. TOP: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance 7. A paraplegic patient in the hospital for an electrolyte imbalance is receiving care at which prevention level? a. Primary prevention level. b. Secondary prevention level. c. Tertiary prevention level. d. Health promotion level. ANS: B The secondary prevention level focuses on early detection of disease once pathogenesis has occurred, so that prompt treatment can be initiated to halt disease and limit disability. The primary prevention level focuses on health promotion, specific protection measures such as immunizations, and the reduction of risk factors such as smoking. The tertiary prevention level focuses on minimizing residual disability. DIF: Apply REF: 11 OBJ: Contrast distinguishing features of health promotion and disease prevention. TOP: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance 8. The nurse incorporates levels of prevention on the basis of patient needs and the type of nursing care provided. Which of the following is an example of tertiary level preventive caregiving? a. Teaching a patient how to irrigate a new temporary colostomy. b. Providing a lesson on hygiene for an elementary school class. c. Informing a patient that immunizations for her infant are available through the health department. d. Arranging for a hospice nurse to visit with the family of a patient with cancer. ANS: D ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ Test Bank - Canadian Fundamentals of Nursing, 6e (Potter, Perry, 2019) 3 | P a g Tertiary prevention is provided when a defect or disability is permanent and irreversible. At this level, the hospice nurse aims to help the patient and his or her family to achieve a high level of function, despite the limitations caused by the patient’s illness. Teaching a patient how to irrigate a new colostomy is an example of secondary prevention. If the colostomy is to be permanent, care may later move to the tertiary level of prevention. Providing a lesson on hygiene for an elementary school class and informing a patient about available immunizations are examples of primary prevention. DIF: Apply REF: 11 OBJ: Discuss the three levels of disease prevention. TOP: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance 9. The nurse is working on a committee to evaluate the need for increasing the levels of fluoride in the drinking water of the community. In doing so, the nurse is fostering which concept? a. Anticipatory prevention. b. Primary prevention. c. Secondary prevention. d. Tertiary prevention. ANS: B Fluoridation of municipal drinking water and fortification of homogenized milk with vitamin D are examples of primary prevention strategies. With active strategies of health promotion, individuals are motivated to adopt specific health programs such as weight reduction and smoking cessation programs. “Anticipatory prevention” is not a known concept. Secondary prevention promotes early detection of disease (e.g., screening). Tertiary prevention activities are initiated in the convalescence phase of disease. DIF: Apply REF: 11 OBJ: Discuss the three levels of disease prevention. TOP: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance 10. The nurse is working in a clinic that is designed to provide health education and immunizations. As such, this clinic focuses on which type of prevention? a. Primary prevention. b. Secondary prevention. c. Tertiary prevention. d. Diagnosis and prompt intervention. ANS: A Primary prevention precedes disease or dysfunction and is applied to people considered physically and emotionally healthy. Health promotion includes health education programs, immunizations, and physical and nutritional fitness activities. Secondary prevention focuses on individuals who are experiencing health problems or illnesses and who are at risk for developing complications or worsening conditions; activities are directed at diagnosis and prompt intervention. Tertiary prevention is provided when a defect or disability is permanent and irreversible. It involves minimizing the effects of long-term disease or disability through interventions directed at preventing complications and deterioration. DIF: Understand REF: 11 OBJ: Discuss the three levels of disease prevention. TOP: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance

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TEST BANK
Canadian Fundamentals of Nursing


Patricia A. Potter, Anne Griffin Perry, Patricia A. Stockert, Amy Hall, Barbara J. Astle & Wendy Duggleby



6th Edition






,Table of Contents

Chapter 01 Health and Wellness 2
Chapter 02 The Canadian Health Care Delivery System 11
Chapter 03 The Development of Nursing in Canada 19
Chapter 04 Community Health Nursing Practice 25
Chapter 05 Theoretical Foundations of Nursing Practice 34
Chapter 06 Evidence-Informed Practice 40
Chapter 07 Nursing Values and Ethics 48
Chapter 08 Legal Implications in Nursing Practice 56
Chapter 09 Global Health 67
Chapter 10 Indigenous Health 75
Chapter 11 Nursing Leadership, Management, and Collaborative Practice 83
Chapter 12 Critical Thinking in Nursing Practice 91
Chapter 13 Nursing Assessment, Diagnosis, and Planning 99
Chapter 14 Implementing and Evaluating Nursing Care 110
Chapter 15 Documenting and Reporting 121
Chapter 16 Nursing Informatics and Canadian Nursing Practice 135
Chapter 17 Communication and Relational Practice 142
Chapter 18 Patient-Centred Care Interprofessional Collaborative Practice 154
Chapter 19 Family Nursing 161
Chapter 20 Patient Education 175
Chapter 21 Developmental Theories 187
Chapter 22 Conception Through Adolescence 196
Chapter 23 Young to Middle Adulthood 206
Chapter 24 Older Persons 215
Chapter 25 The Experience of Loss, Death, and Grief 226
Chapter 26 Self-Concept 236
Chapter 27 Sexuality 244
Chapter 28 Spirituality in Health and Health Care 253
Chapter 29 Stress and Adaptation 261
Chapter 30 Vital Signs 269
Chapter 31 Pain Assessment and Management 286
Chapter 32 Health Assessment and Physical Examination 302
Chapter 33 Infection Control 317
Chapter 34 Medication Administration 335
Chapter 35 Complementary and Alternative Approaches in Health Care 350
Chapter 36 Activity and Exercise 358
Chapter 37 Quality and Patient Safety 370
Chapter 38 Hygiene 382




,Chapter 39 Cardiopulmonary Functioning and Oxygenation 401
Chapter 40 Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid–Base Balances 417
Chapter 41 Sleep 433
Chapter 42 Nutrition 441
Chapter 43 Urinary Elimination 457
Chapter 44 Bowel Elimination 472
Chapter 45 Mobility and Immobility 485
Chapter 46 Skin Integrity and Wound Care 503
Chapter 47 Sensory Alterations 523
Chapter 48 Care of Surgical Patients 534






, ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Canadian Fundamentals of Nursing, 6e (Potter, Perry, 2019)




Chapter 01: Health and Wellness
Potter et al: Canadian Fundamentals of Nursing, 6th Edition


MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. The nurse is using the population health promotion model to develop actions for
improving health. After asking, “On what should we take action?”; “How should we take
action?”; and “Why should we take action?” the nurse will ask which of the following
questions?
a. “With whom should we act?”
b. “When should we take action?”
c. “Which government should take action?”
d. “Where should we first act?”
ANS: A
The next question to ask when using the population health model approach is “With whom
should we act?” The other choices are not questions included in this model.

DIF: Apply REF: 13 (Figure 1-5)
OBJ: Contrast distinguishing features of health promotion and disease prevention.
TOP: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance

2. The principle “Health promotion is multisectoral” means which of the following?
a. Relationships between individual, social, and environmental factors must be
recognized.
b. Physical, mental, social, ecological, cultural, and spiritual aspects of health must
be recognized.
c. In order to change unhealthy living and working conditions, areas other than health
must also be involved.
d. Health promotion uses knowledge from disciplines such as social, economic,
political, environmental, medical, and nursing sciences, as well as from first-hand
experience.
ANS: C
The statement “Health promotion is multisectoral” is the principle explained by the
necessity to involve areas other than health in order to change unhealthy living and
working conditions.

DIF: Understand REF: 11
OBJ: Contrast distinguishing features of health promotion and disease prevention.
TOP: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance

3. According to the World Health Organization, what is the best description of “health”?
a. Simply the absence of disease.
b. Involving the total person and environment.
c. Strictly personal in nature.
d. Status of pathological state.

ANS: B




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