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LBO Modeling Exam – Wall Street Prep Verified Questions & Answers

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LBO Modeling Exam – Wall Street Prep Verified Questions & Answers Comprehensive Guide for Private Equity Modeling Preparation Introduction This 30+-page guide provides a comprehensive set of verified questions, answers, and detailed explanations for theWall Street Prep Leveraged Buyout (LBO) Modeling Exam, tailored for 2025 candidates preparing for private equity interviews. As specific 2025 exam questions are unavailable, this document is constructed based on Wall Street Prep’s basic, standard, and advanced LBO modeling test frameworks, drawing from industry-standard resources and aligned with 2024–2025 private equity modeling standards. It includes 120 questions, covering LBO fundamentals, financial modeling, transaction structuring, and case-based scenarios, with step-by-step solutions and rationales. The title is presented in brown with a vivid orange subtitle for a professional aesthetic, with section headings in vivid orange, dark orange accents in headers, footers, bullet points, and questions for clarity. This guide ensures candidates master LBO modeling concepts while adhering to academic integrity principles, emphasizing original work.

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LBO Modeling Exam – Wall Street
Prep Verified Questions & Answers
Comprehensive Guide for Private Equity Modeling Preparation




Prepared for Wall Street Prep Candidates, 2025
Curated by Financial Modeling Experts

,Contents
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

2 LBO Modeling Fundamentals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.1 Question 1: Definition of an LBO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.2 Question 2: Key Objective of an LBO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.3 Question 3: Sources and Uses Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.4 Question 4: Internal Rate of Return (IRR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.5 Question 5: Multiple on Invested Capital (MOIC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.6 Question 6: Debt-to-EBITDA Ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.7 Question 7: Cash-Free Debt-Free Basis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.8 Question 8: Rollover Equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.9 Question 9: Purchase Price Allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.10 Question 10: Goodwill in LBO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.11 Question 11: Debt Types in LBO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.12 Question 12: Revolver Functionality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.13 Question 13: Capitalized Financing Fees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.14 Question 14: EBITDA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.15 Question 15: Entry Multiple . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.16 Question 16: Exit Multiple . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.17 Question 17: Free Cash Flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.18 Question 18: Debt Amortization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.19 Question 19: Interest Expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.20 Question 20: Circularity in LBO Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.21 Question 21: Minimum Cash Balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.22 Question 22: Dividend Recapitalization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.23 Question 23: Management Buyout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.24 Question 24: Rule of 72 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.25 Question 25: Ability to Pay Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.26 Question 26: Purchase Premium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.27 Question 27: Debt Covenants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.28 Question 28: Equity Contribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.29 Question 29: Exit Strategies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.30 Question 30: Sensitivity Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

3 LBO Modeling Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3.1 Basic LBO Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3.2 Question 31: Enterprise Value Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3.3 Question 32: Equity Value Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3.4 Question 33: Sources of Funds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3.5 Question 34: Uses of Funds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3.6 Question 35: Debt-to-EBITDA Ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3.7 Question 36: Interest Expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.8 Question 37: Free Cash Flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.9 Question 38: Debt Repayment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.10 Question 39: MOIC Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.11 Question 40: IRR Estimation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.12 Question 41: Goodwill Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
3.13 Question 42: Depreciation from Write-Up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12


1

,LBO Modeling Exam – Wall Street Prep 2025 July 6, 2025


3.14 Question 43: Revolver Draw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
3.15 Question 44: Net Debt at Exit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
3.16 Question 45: Exit Enterprise Value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
3.17 Question 46: Equity Value at Exit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
3.18 Question 47: Financing Fees Amortization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
3.19 Question 48: EBITDA Margin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
3.20 Question 49: Debt Service Coverage Ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
3.21 Question 50: Cash Flow Sweep . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
3.22 Standard LBO Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
3.23 Question 51: JoeCo LBO Enterprise Value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
3.24 Question 52: JoeCo Equity Contribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
3.25 Question 53: JoeCo Debt Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
3.26 Question 54: JoeCo Interest Expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
3.27 Question 55: JoeCo EBITDA Growth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
3.28 Question 56: JoeCo FCF Year 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
3.29 Question 57: JoeCo Debt Repayment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
3.30 Question 58: JoeCo Exit Value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
3.31 Question 59: JoeCo Equity Value at Exit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
3.32 Question 60: JoeCo MOIC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
3.33 Advanced LBO Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
3.34 Question 61: TeaCo Take-Private LBO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
3.35 Question 62: TeaCo Purchase Price . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
3.36 Question 63: TeaCo Debt Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
3.37 Question 64: TeaCo Preferred Equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
3.38 Question 65: TeaCo Monitoring Fee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
3.39 Question 66: Intangible Asset Write-Up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
3.40 Question 67: TeaCo Leverage Limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
3.41 Question 68: TeaCo Revenue Growth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
3.42 Question 69: TeaCo EBITDA Margin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
3.43 Question 70: TeaCo Exit IRR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
3.44 Advanced Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
3.45 Question 71: Deferred Tax Liability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
3.46 Question 72: Option Pool Dilution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
3.47 Question 73: Dividend Recap Impact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
3.48 Question 74: Cash Flow Waterfall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
3.49 Question 75: Net Working Capital Adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
3.50 Question 76: Original Issue Discount . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
3.51 Question 77: Tax Shield . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
3.52 Question 78: LBO Break-Even Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
3.53 Question 79: Sensitivity Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
3.54 Question 80: PIK Interest Impact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
3.55 Question 81: Management Earn-Out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
3.56 Question 82: Add-On Acquisition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
3.57 Question 83: Debt Paydown Priority . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
3.58 Question 84: Exit Share Price . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
3.59 Question 85: LBO Model Circularity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
3.60 Question 86: Minimum Equity Ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
3.61 Question 87: Cash Flow from Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
3.62 Question 88: Capex Impact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
3.63 Question 89: Interest Coverage Ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21


Page 2 of 31

, LBO Modeling Exam – Wall Street Prep 2025 July 6, 2025


3.64 Question 90: Exit IRR Sensitivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

4 Case-Based Scenarios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
4.1 Question 91: JoeCo Basic LBO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
4.2 Question 92: JoeCo Debt Repayment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
4.3 Question 93: JoeCo Exit Value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
4.4 Question 94: JoeCo MOIC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
4.5 Question 95: TeaCo Take-Private . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
4.6 Question 96: TeaCo Preferred Equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
4.7 Question 97: TeaCo Leverage Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
4.8 Question 98: JoeCo Goodwill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
4.9 Question 99: JoeCo IRR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
4.10 Question 100: TeaCo Revenue Projection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
4.11 Question 101: JoeCo Debt Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
4.12 Question 102: TeaCo Option Pool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
4.13 Question 103: JoeCo Tax Shield . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
4.14 Question 104: TeaCo Dividend Recap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
4.15 Question 105: JoeCo FCF Impact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
4.16 Question 106: TeaCo Exit Strategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
4.17 Question 107: JoeCo Sensitivity Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
4.18 Question 108: TeaCo OID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
4.19 Question 109: JoeCo Debt Covenant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
4.20 Question 110: TeaCo Share Price Decline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
4.21 Question 111: JoeCo Revolver Draw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
4.22 Question 112: TeaCo Monitoring Fee Impact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
4.23 Question 113: JoeCo Tax Impact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
4.24 Question 114: TeaCo Exit Multiple . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
4.25 Question 115: JoeCo ATP Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
4.26 Question 116: TeaCo Debt Paydown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
4.27 Question 117: JoeCo Intangible Amortization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
4.28 Question 118: TeaCo Share Dilution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
4.29 Question 119: JoeCo Cash Balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
4.30 Question 120: TeaCo IRR Boost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

5 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31




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