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Samenvatting les 3: receptor tyrosine kinasen

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Les 3: de receptor tyrosine kinasen
3.1.1 Receptor tyrosine kinasen
• = receptoren met intrinsieke enzymatische activiteit
• Liganden = polypeptiden, zowel gesecreteerd als membraan-verankerd
o Insuline
o Epidermale groei factor (EGF)
o Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)

Opbouw

• Ligand bindend extracellulair domein
o Modulair
o Zeer divers
• 1 transmembranair deel
• Intracellulair cytoplasmatisch domein met katalytische tyrosine kinase activiteit




Werkingsmechanisme

1) Dimerisatie
2) Fosforylatie van activeringslus
3) Fosforylatie van tyrosines in het kinase domein


 Ligand-geïnduceerde receptor activatie kan op verschillende wijzen gebeuren:
A) Het ligand is een dimeer
B) Monomere liganden komen gebonden voor op proteoglycanen
C) Membraanverankerde liganden komen in aggregaten voor




1

, Bindingspartners van de fosfotyrosines

• Eiwitten met een PTB domein
• Eiwitten met een SH2 domein (= src homologie 2 domein)
o Herkennen een gefosforyleerd tyrosine samen met 1 of meer omringende
aminozuren
o Voorbeelden
▪ GTPase activating protein = GAP
▪ Fosfatidyl-inositol-3-kinase = PI3K
▪ Fosfolipase Cγ = PLCγ




(SH3 binden specifiek motief: XPXXP → proline stretches)



3 BELANGRIJKE SIGNAALBANEN DIE TYPISCH ZIJN VOOR RECEPTOR TYROSINE KINASEN:
1) De RAS/MAP kinase signaalweg → CELDELING
2) De PI3 kinase signaalweg → CELGROEI
3) De fosfolipase C (PLC) signaalweg




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