ASU BIO 202 Exam #1 Questions and Answers Solved Correctly Rated A+
hormones - Answers What are the chemical messengers secreted into the blood stream that act on cells
far away?
neurotransmitters - Answers What are released by nerves to affect cells?
endocrine - Answers What type of glands secrete chemicals (hormones) into the blood?
target organ cells - Answers What are the cells that are acted on by hormones called?
hormones - Answers What mechanism perform general functions of communication and control but a
slower, longer-lasting type of control than that provided by nerve impulses?
nonsteroid hormones (first messengers) - Answers What mechanism binds to receptors on the target
cell membrane, triggering second messengers to affect the cell's activities?
steroid hormones - Answers What mechanism binds to receptors within the target cell nucleus and
influence cell activity by acting on DNA?
hormone secretion - Answers What, in the regulation of hormone secretion is controlled by homeostatic
feedback?
negative feedback - Answers What, in the regulation of hormone secretion, are mechanisms that reverse
the direction of a change in a physiological system?
positive feedback (uncommon) - Answers What, in the regulation of hormone secretion, are
mechanisms that amplify physiological changes?
hypersecretion - Answers What is secretion of an excess of hormone that is a mechanism of endocrine
disease?
hyposecretion - Answers What is insufficient hormone secretion that is a mechanism of endocrine
disease?
autocrine - Answers What intercellular chemical signal is secreted by cells in a local area and influences
the activity of the same cell type from which it was secreted (ex. prostaglandins)?
paracrine - Answers What intercellular chemical signal is produced by a wide variety of tissues and
secreted into tissue spaces; usually has a localized effect on other tissues (ex. histamine,
prostaglandins)?
hormone - Answers What intercellular chemical signal is secreted into the blood by specialized cells;
travels some distance to target tissues and influences specific activities (ex. thyroxine, insulin)?
neurohormone - Answers What intercellular chemical signal is produced by neurons and functions like
hormones (ex. oxytocin, antidiuretic hormone)?
, neurotransmitter (neurohumor) - Answers What intercellular chemical signal is produced by neurons
and secreted into extracellular spaces by presynaptic nerve terminals' travels short distances and
influences post synaptic cells (ex. acetylcholine, epinephrine)?
pheromone - Answers What intercellular chemical signal is secreted into the environment; modifies
physiology and behavior of other individuals (ex. sex pheromones released in the urine of many
animals)?
hypothalamus - Answers What part of the brain governs the pituitary gland which then sends signals to
endocrine glands?
atrial depolarization - Answers What does the P wave of the EKG represent?
5 liters - Answers What is the average circulating blood volume for an adult human?
veins - Answers At any given moment, which compartment contains the most circulating blood?
false (blood type AB is the universal recipient) - Answers T/F: Blood type AB is the universal donor.
false (Ischemia is the relative lack of oxygen... it can gain oxygen and reverse) - Answers T/F: Ischemia is
irreversible.
true - Answers T/F: Renal failure can be the etiology (cause) of anemia.
aortic arch - Answers What does the left common carotid artery branch off of?
neutrophil - Answers What is the most numerous white blood cell called?
false (there is normally about 50 cc of fluid in the pericardial space) - Answers T/F: There is normally
about 500cc of fluid in the pericardial space.
true - Answers T/F: Cardiac muscle is intolerant of anaerobic conditions.
hormones - Answers Chemical substances secreted by cells into the extracellular fluids that thrive
through the blood and regulate the metabolic function of other cells in the body are called what?
adrenal glands - Answers Which gland produces hormones involved in electrolyte balance and the stress
response?
hypothalamus (along with pituitary gland) - Answers Which organ produces hormones and is considered
a neuroendocrine organ?
ovaries - Answers Which organ produces the hormones that promote the development of the female
secondary sexual characteristics at puberty?
testes - Answers Which organ produces the hormones that direct the production of the secondary male
sex characteristic?
hormones - Answers What are the chemical messengers secreted into the blood stream that act on cells
far away?
neurotransmitters - Answers What are released by nerves to affect cells?
endocrine - Answers What type of glands secrete chemicals (hormones) into the blood?
target organ cells - Answers What are the cells that are acted on by hormones called?
hormones - Answers What mechanism perform general functions of communication and control but a
slower, longer-lasting type of control than that provided by nerve impulses?
nonsteroid hormones (first messengers) - Answers What mechanism binds to receptors on the target
cell membrane, triggering second messengers to affect the cell's activities?
steroid hormones - Answers What mechanism binds to receptors within the target cell nucleus and
influence cell activity by acting on DNA?
hormone secretion - Answers What, in the regulation of hormone secretion is controlled by homeostatic
feedback?
negative feedback - Answers What, in the regulation of hormone secretion, are mechanisms that reverse
the direction of a change in a physiological system?
positive feedback (uncommon) - Answers What, in the regulation of hormone secretion, are
mechanisms that amplify physiological changes?
hypersecretion - Answers What is secretion of an excess of hormone that is a mechanism of endocrine
disease?
hyposecretion - Answers What is insufficient hormone secretion that is a mechanism of endocrine
disease?
autocrine - Answers What intercellular chemical signal is secreted by cells in a local area and influences
the activity of the same cell type from which it was secreted (ex. prostaglandins)?
paracrine - Answers What intercellular chemical signal is produced by a wide variety of tissues and
secreted into tissue spaces; usually has a localized effect on other tissues (ex. histamine,
prostaglandins)?
hormone - Answers What intercellular chemical signal is secreted into the blood by specialized cells;
travels some distance to target tissues and influences specific activities (ex. thyroxine, insulin)?
neurohormone - Answers What intercellular chemical signal is produced by neurons and functions like
hormones (ex. oxytocin, antidiuretic hormone)?
, neurotransmitter (neurohumor) - Answers What intercellular chemical signal is produced by neurons
and secreted into extracellular spaces by presynaptic nerve terminals' travels short distances and
influences post synaptic cells (ex. acetylcholine, epinephrine)?
pheromone - Answers What intercellular chemical signal is secreted into the environment; modifies
physiology and behavior of other individuals (ex. sex pheromones released in the urine of many
animals)?
hypothalamus - Answers What part of the brain governs the pituitary gland which then sends signals to
endocrine glands?
atrial depolarization - Answers What does the P wave of the EKG represent?
5 liters - Answers What is the average circulating blood volume for an adult human?
veins - Answers At any given moment, which compartment contains the most circulating blood?
false (blood type AB is the universal recipient) - Answers T/F: Blood type AB is the universal donor.
false (Ischemia is the relative lack of oxygen... it can gain oxygen and reverse) - Answers T/F: Ischemia is
irreversible.
true - Answers T/F: Renal failure can be the etiology (cause) of anemia.
aortic arch - Answers What does the left common carotid artery branch off of?
neutrophil - Answers What is the most numerous white blood cell called?
false (there is normally about 50 cc of fluid in the pericardial space) - Answers T/F: There is normally
about 500cc of fluid in the pericardial space.
true - Answers T/F: Cardiac muscle is intolerant of anaerobic conditions.
hormones - Answers Chemical substances secreted by cells into the extracellular fluids that thrive
through the blood and regulate the metabolic function of other cells in the body are called what?
adrenal glands - Answers Which gland produces hormones involved in electrolyte balance and the stress
response?
hypothalamus (along with pituitary gland) - Answers Which organ produces hormones and is considered
a neuroendocrine organ?
ovaries - Answers Which organ produces the hormones that promote the development of the female
secondary sexual characteristics at puberty?
testes - Answers Which organ produces the hormones that direct the production of the secondary male
sex characteristic?
