PJM TEST EXAM 2025 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
Which of the following balancing control modes is used by PJM under normal operations? -
ANS Tie-Line Bias
Which of the following influences does PJM consider when performing their system load
forecast? - ANS Weather Conditions & Day of the Week
All of the following are limits that must be submitted to PJM for generating units EXCEPT:
1. Eco Min
2. Eco Max
3. Emergency Max
4. Dynamic Instability - ANS Dynamic Instability
If PJM experienced an event that caused the loss of a 1,000 MW generator, which of the
following would most likely provide the quickest impact to improve the undegenerating Area
Control Area (ACE)?
1. Remedial Action Reserve
2. Synch Reserve
3. Non-Synch Reserve
4. Secondary Reserve - ANS Synch Reserve
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,Your system has experienced an event that caused the frequency to drop below 60.00 Hz, what
would be the most likely event that occurred? - ANS A generator on your system tripped
offline
How does the PJM dispatcher inform the Members of the PJM regulation Requirements? -
ANS All-Call
In order for your generator to quality to supply regulation in the PJM Regulation market, it must
be able to respond and attain its desired output within how many minutes? - ANS 5 minutes
Based on a generator capability curve, in order to maximize the MVAR output of the generator,
it may be necessary to: - ANS decrease the MW output of the unit
PJM maintains a regulation quality standard which states that a generator may be certified to
provide regulation only after it achieves three consecutive regulation test scores of at least -
ANS 75%
Which of the following would NOT be a cause for a sudden deviation in the balancing area ACE?
1. incorrect interchange number
2. loss of a tie-line RTU
3. loss of internal load
4. loss of adjacent control area generation - ANS loss of adjacent control area generation
The primary purpose for the balancing area to have Regulation is to correct for: - ANS small
deviations in load
It is necessary for Generation Owner dispatchers to notify PJM of unplanned unit outages: -
ANS as soon as practicable
PJM should be made aware of any fuel shortage that a generator may experience.
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,This information assists in analyzing the resources and reliably operating the system. A
heightened awareness is expected during: - ANS extreme hot or cold conditions
Generators are required to obtain PJM approval prior to removing a generating unit from
service.
The only exception is for: - ANS injury to personnel will be prevented
Prior to removing a self-scheduled generator from service, the PJM member must first -
ANS give PJM the option to takeover the unit for the market
When PJM experiences problems with their primary digital control signal, it sometimes
becomes necessary for companies with the capability, to switch to the back-up signal.
This backup signal is known as: - ANS Analog control
When PJM sends cost signals to generators, to provide direction for increasing or decreasing
the facility output, this signal that is sent is known as: - ANS Dispatch Rate
Under normal operating conditions, what is the limit that will provide the lowest output level of
a generating unit? - ANS Eco Min
When PJM send out a cost signal to generators to adjust their output, the generating personnel
adjust the output of the unit base on the unit's - ANS price or cost curve incremental
Which eSuite tool is used to maintain individual generator regulation data that is submitted by
PJM members? - ANS eMarket
PJM's ACE configuration is such, that when the ACE is positive (+), it indicates - ANS too much
generation
Copyright ©2025 BRIGHTSTARS ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
, If a generator is self-scheduled, what is the minimum notification time required in order for the
MW output to be adjusted? - ANS 20 minutes prior to the change
When corrections are made for the time error and the system scheduled frequency must be
changed to implement the correction, how much is the frequency scheduled adjusted by? -
ANS + /- 0.02 Hz
When PJM runs their Regulation test, how long do the tests normally run? - ANS 40 minutes
Your system has a 300 MW steam unit, but due to oil deliveries, the on-site fuel supply is
diminishing.
What is the hourly threshold for reporting to PJM that the unit cannot operate at its maximum
capacity due to the fuel limitation? - ANS 72 hours
What is the regulation requirement for the PJM balancing area during on-peak hours? -
ANS 1.0% of the forecasted peak load
What is the time requirement that a generator that wishes to self-schedule itself must provide
to PJM? - ANS 20 minutes
The PJM Peak Period Maintenance season occurs: - ANS Between the 24th & 36th
Wednesdays of the year
Maintenance outage extensions may be granted provided that the request for an extension is
made - ANS Prior to the end of the outage
What is the maximum time limit for the maintenance outages that occur during the PJM Peak
Period Maintenance season? - ANS 9 days
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ANSWERS
Which of the following balancing control modes is used by PJM under normal operations? -
ANS Tie-Line Bias
Which of the following influences does PJM consider when performing their system load
forecast? - ANS Weather Conditions & Day of the Week
All of the following are limits that must be submitted to PJM for generating units EXCEPT:
1. Eco Min
2. Eco Max
3. Emergency Max
4. Dynamic Instability - ANS Dynamic Instability
If PJM experienced an event that caused the loss of a 1,000 MW generator, which of the
following would most likely provide the quickest impact to improve the undegenerating Area
Control Area (ACE)?
1. Remedial Action Reserve
2. Synch Reserve
3. Non-Synch Reserve
4. Secondary Reserve - ANS Synch Reserve
Copyright ©2025 BRIGHTSTARS ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,Your system has experienced an event that caused the frequency to drop below 60.00 Hz, what
would be the most likely event that occurred? - ANS A generator on your system tripped
offline
How does the PJM dispatcher inform the Members of the PJM regulation Requirements? -
ANS All-Call
In order for your generator to quality to supply regulation in the PJM Regulation market, it must
be able to respond and attain its desired output within how many minutes? - ANS 5 minutes
Based on a generator capability curve, in order to maximize the MVAR output of the generator,
it may be necessary to: - ANS decrease the MW output of the unit
PJM maintains a regulation quality standard which states that a generator may be certified to
provide regulation only after it achieves three consecutive regulation test scores of at least -
ANS 75%
Which of the following would NOT be a cause for a sudden deviation in the balancing area ACE?
1. incorrect interchange number
2. loss of a tie-line RTU
3. loss of internal load
4. loss of adjacent control area generation - ANS loss of adjacent control area generation
The primary purpose for the balancing area to have Regulation is to correct for: - ANS small
deviations in load
It is necessary for Generation Owner dispatchers to notify PJM of unplanned unit outages: -
ANS as soon as practicable
PJM should be made aware of any fuel shortage that a generator may experience.
Copyright ©2025 BRIGHTSTARS ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
,This information assists in analyzing the resources and reliably operating the system. A
heightened awareness is expected during: - ANS extreme hot or cold conditions
Generators are required to obtain PJM approval prior to removing a generating unit from
service.
The only exception is for: - ANS injury to personnel will be prevented
Prior to removing a self-scheduled generator from service, the PJM member must first -
ANS give PJM the option to takeover the unit for the market
When PJM experiences problems with their primary digital control signal, it sometimes
becomes necessary for companies with the capability, to switch to the back-up signal.
This backup signal is known as: - ANS Analog control
When PJM sends cost signals to generators, to provide direction for increasing or decreasing
the facility output, this signal that is sent is known as: - ANS Dispatch Rate
Under normal operating conditions, what is the limit that will provide the lowest output level of
a generating unit? - ANS Eco Min
When PJM send out a cost signal to generators to adjust their output, the generating personnel
adjust the output of the unit base on the unit's - ANS price or cost curve incremental
Which eSuite tool is used to maintain individual generator regulation data that is submitted by
PJM members? - ANS eMarket
PJM's ACE configuration is such, that when the ACE is positive (+), it indicates - ANS too much
generation
Copyright ©2025 BRIGHTSTARS ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
, If a generator is self-scheduled, what is the minimum notification time required in order for the
MW output to be adjusted? - ANS 20 minutes prior to the change
When corrections are made for the time error and the system scheduled frequency must be
changed to implement the correction, how much is the frequency scheduled adjusted by? -
ANS + /- 0.02 Hz
When PJM runs their Regulation test, how long do the tests normally run? - ANS 40 minutes
Your system has a 300 MW steam unit, but due to oil deliveries, the on-site fuel supply is
diminishing.
What is the hourly threshold for reporting to PJM that the unit cannot operate at its maximum
capacity due to the fuel limitation? - ANS 72 hours
What is the regulation requirement for the PJM balancing area during on-peak hours? -
ANS 1.0% of the forecasted peak load
What is the time requirement that a generator that wishes to self-schedule itself must provide
to PJM? - ANS 20 minutes
The PJM Peak Period Maintenance season occurs: - ANS Between the 24th & 36th
Wednesdays of the year
Maintenance outage extensions may be granted provided that the request for an extension is
made - ANS Prior to the end of the outage
What is the maximum time limit for the maintenance outages that occur during the PJM Peak
Period Maintenance season? - ANS 9 days
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