Biology 102 Final Exam Questions with
Verified Answers
You are trying to determine whether or not a woman is pregnant based on hormone
levels in her body. Based on what you know about hormone activity in the female
reproductive system, which of the following hormones would be the best indicator of
pregnancy? - ANSWER-human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
The "toxic semen" found in fruit flies has been discovered to have which of the
following effects? - ANSWER-Semen from a male fly suppresses further mating in a
female for several days.
Tying off the vas deferens will: - ANSWER-None of the above.
The three embryonic germ layers formed during gastrulation are the: - ANSWER-
ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm.
Which of the following statements is true about external fertilization in most species?
- ANSWER-All of the above are true.
What is colostrum? - ANSWER-the substance that is released when a woman first
begins to lactate
What process allows sperm to penetrate the zona pellucida surrounding the mature
egg just before fertilization? - ANSWER-sperm bind to the zona pellucida, triggering
the egg response to open its membrane like a gate
During the human menstrual cycle, a sudden increase in which of the following
hormones causes the follicle to rupture, releasing the egg from the ovary? -
ANSWER-luteinizing hormone
The circular muscle at the opening to the uterus in human females is called the: -
ANSWER-cervix.
During ovulation in human females, the mature egg is released from the ________,
travels through the ________ where fertilization occurs, and embeds in the
________. - ANSWER-follicle, Fallopian tube, uterus
In the process of spermatogenesis shown in the diagram, which is the stage where
sperm FIRST become haploid? - ANSWER-primary spermatocyte
What is the goal of the reproductive technology-related process known as "sperm
sorting"? - ANSWER-to increase the chances of having a girl or a boy, specifically,
through ART
,For which of the following reasons might a man claim a reasonable legal right to an
embryo produced by fertilizing an egg with his sperm? - ANSWER-The embryo
contains half of the man's DNA .
Which of the following is located in the testis? - ANSWER-seminiferous tubules
What triggers the onset of menstruation in women? - ANSWER-falling levels of
estrogen and progesterone in the bloodstream
In which stage in embryonic development are the germ layers created? - ANSWER-
gastrulation
Sperm are produced in the _______ and stored in the ________. They then travel
into the penis through the ________ and are ejaculated through the ________. -
ANSWER-seminiferous tubules; epididymis; vas deferens; urethra
In what way does egg production differ from sperm production in humans? -
ANSWER-Each egg is considerably larger than a sperm.
Which of the following is a known evolutionary adaptation arising from sperm
competition? - ANSWER-Both a) and b) are known evolutionary adaptations arising
from sperm competition.
Prior to fertilization, the pathway traveled by sperm through the female reproductive
system is: - ANSWER-vagina, cervix, uterus, Fallopian tube.
The part of the uterus that sloughs off at menstruation is a portion of the: -
ANSWER-endometrium.
The acrosome of the sperm: - ANSWER-carries the enzymes that help digest the
exterior coats of the egg.
Which three sets of accessory glands add secretions to the semen in human males?
- ANSWER-the seminal vesicles, the prostate gland, and the bulbourethral glands
Why are STDs nearly impossible to eradicate from the population? - ANSWER-
Infected people are often asymptomatic and all partners have to be treated
simultaneously to prevent re-infection.
Contraception usually involves one of three methods. What are these three? -
ANSWER-preventing fertilization, preventing implantation, preventing ovulation
Which of the following is NOT generally correct about the difference between egg
and sperm in sexually reproducing animals? - ANSWER-Eggs have more
chromosomes than do sperm.
Which STDs can be treated with antifungal suppositories or creams? - ANSWER-
yeast infections
,Most of the "eggs" in the ovary are arrested as ________ in the process of
oogenesis when a female reaches puberty. - ANSWER-primary oocytes
A(n) ________ is released from the ovary in the event known as ovulation. -
ANSWER-secondary oocyte
A follicle cell that remains behind after ovulation: - ANSWER-is the initial source of
progesterone during pregnancy.
An animal called a hydra can reproduce by growing a miniature version of itself
directly from the tissues of the parent. The miniature hydra then breaks off and
grows to full size. This type of reproduction is best called: - ANSWER-budding.
Which of the following is true about birth control pills? - ANSWER-They slightly
increase the risk of cardiovascular disease in women, especially if they smoke.
Which of the following is INCORRECT regarding meiosis in women? - ANSWER-
Every oogonium produces four mature ova.
Blood pressure falls with distance from the heart. Using this information, which of the
following properly lists the type of blood vessel from HIGHEST blood pressure to
LOWEST blood pressure? - ANSWER-arteries; capillaries; veins
Which of the following is NOT a typical type of lung damage that smoking causes? -
ANSWER-All of the above are typical of the damage smoking causes.
Which of the following organisms has an open circulatory system? - ANSWER-
grasshoppers
Organisms with an open circulatory system: - ANSWER-pump blood throughout the
spaces of their body cavity where it mixes with tissue fluids.
Which of the following organisms does NOT have a closed circulatory system? -
ANSWER-Both a) and d) are correct answers.
What is the disadvantage of having a "single circuit" with the gills set between the
heart and the rest of the tissues? - ANSWER-Organisms with this configuration
cannot sustain as much activity as those with two circuits.
The lymphatic system is a fluid transport system vital for human health. Instead of
blood, this system transports _________, which fills its own capillaries and vessels
and is made up of the _________________ fluid that bathes cells. - ANSWER-
lymph; interstitial
Which of the following is the name of the fluid in an insect's open circulatory system?
- ANSWER-hemolymph
Amphibians have: - ANSWER-two partially separated circuits of blood flow.
, Oxygen is carried in the blood stream, throughout the body via: - ANSWER-red
blood cells.
Chickens' breast muscles are light in color. Chicken breast meat is mostly "white
meat." This means that: - ANSWER-chicken breast muscle contains hardly any
myoglobin.
Amphibians must constantly keep their skin moist because: - ANSWER-the moisture
is essential to maintain gas exchange across the skin.
Which of the following is NOT measured by a polygraph? - ANSWER-eye twitches
When it comes to acquiring fuel and raw materials, why does the size of a
multicellular eukaryotic organism matter? Choose the BEST explanation. -
ANSWER-Larger organisms are made of more cells, most of which are no longer in
direct contact with the outside world.
Which of the following is NOT a function of the blood plasma in vertebrates? -
ANSWER-breaking down large carbohydrates into more easily absorbable smaller
carbohydrates
Which of the following is NOT a diving adaptation? - ANSWER-faster heart rate
Which of the following is NOT a component of the blood plasma? - ANSWER-
leukocytes
In what way are lymph ducts like veins in the cardiovascular system? - ANSWER-
They both have one-way valves.
What is the main function of the sinoatrial (SA) node? - ANSWER-choreograph an
efficient contraction of the heart
Which of the following is measured in the polygraph test in order to detect the activity
of the sweat glands? - ANSWER-skin conductance
What might be the explanation for why crocodiles, but not other reptiles, have an
"extra" artery to direct blood to the tissues directly from the right ventricle? -
ANSWER-Crocodiles spend more time underwater and sending blood to inactive
lungs makes no sense.
Which of the following is NOT a major difference between open and closed
circulatory systems? - ANSWER-Open systems are only found in flat organisms,
while closed systems are found in organisms with more complex shape.
Which of the following statements about the crocodilian circulatory system is
FALSE? - ANSWER-Crocodiles have open circulatory systems.
Gill arches - ANSWER-provide support to gill filaments.
Verified Answers
You are trying to determine whether or not a woman is pregnant based on hormone
levels in her body. Based on what you know about hormone activity in the female
reproductive system, which of the following hormones would be the best indicator of
pregnancy? - ANSWER-human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
The "toxic semen" found in fruit flies has been discovered to have which of the
following effects? - ANSWER-Semen from a male fly suppresses further mating in a
female for several days.
Tying off the vas deferens will: - ANSWER-None of the above.
The three embryonic germ layers formed during gastrulation are the: - ANSWER-
ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm.
Which of the following statements is true about external fertilization in most species?
- ANSWER-All of the above are true.
What is colostrum? - ANSWER-the substance that is released when a woman first
begins to lactate
What process allows sperm to penetrate the zona pellucida surrounding the mature
egg just before fertilization? - ANSWER-sperm bind to the zona pellucida, triggering
the egg response to open its membrane like a gate
During the human menstrual cycle, a sudden increase in which of the following
hormones causes the follicle to rupture, releasing the egg from the ovary? -
ANSWER-luteinizing hormone
The circular muscle at the opening to the uterus in human females is called the: -
ANSWER-cervix.
During ovulation in human females, the mature egg is released from the ________,
travels through the ________ where fertilization occurs, and embeds in the
________. - ANSWER-follicle, Fallopian tube, uterus
In the process of spermatogenesis shown in the diagram, which is the stage where
sperm FIRST become haploid? - ANSWER-primary spermatocyte
What is the goal of the reproductive technology-related process known as "sperm
sorting"? - ANSWER-to increase the chances of having a girl or a boy, specifically,
through ART
,For which of the following reasons might a man claim a reasonable legal right to an
embryo produced by fertilizing an egg with his sperm? - ANSWER-The embryo
contains half of the man's DNA .
Which of the following is located in the testis? - ANSWER-seminiferous tubules
What triggers the onset of menstruation in women? - ANSWER-falling levels of
estrogen and progesterone in the bloodstream
In which stage in embryonic development are the germ layers created? - ANSWER-
gastrulation
Sperm are produced in the _______ and stored in the ________. They then travel
into the penis through the ________ and are ejaculated through the ________. -
ANSWER-seminiferous tubules; epididymis; vas deferens; urethra
In what way does egg production differ from sperm production in humans? -
ANSWER-Each egg is considerably larger than a sperm.
Which of the following is a known evolutionary adaptation arising from sperm
competition? - ANSWER-Both a) and b) are known evolutionary adaptations arising
from sperm competition.
Prior to fertilization, the pathway traveled by sperm through the female reproductive
system is: - ANSWER-vagina, cervix, uterus, Fallopian tube.
The part of the uterus that sloughs off at menstruation is a portion of the: -
ANSWER-endometrium.
The acrosome of the sperm: - ANSWER-carries the enzymes that help digest the
exterior coats of the egg.
Which three sets of accessory glands add secretions to the semen in human males?
- ANSWER-the seminal vesicles, the prostate gland, and the bulbourethral glands
Why are STDs nearly impossible to eradicate from the population? - ANSWER-
Infected people are often asymptomatic and all partners have to be treated
simultaneously to prevent re-infection.
Contraception usually involves one of three methods. What are these three? -
ANSWER-preventing fertilization, preventing implantation, preventing ovulation
Which of the following is NOT generally correct about the difference between egg
and sperm in sexually reproducing animals? - ANSWER-Eggs have more
chromosomes than do sperm.
Which STDs can be treated with antifungal suppositories or creams? - ANSWER-
yeast infections
,Most of the "eggs" in the ovary are arrested as ________ in the process of
oogenesis when a female reaches puberty. - ANSWER-primary oocytes
A(n) ________ is released from the ovary in the event known as ovulation. -
ANSWER-secondary oocyte
A follicle cell that remains behind after ovulation: - ANSWER-is the initial source of
progesterone during pregnancy.
An animal called a hydra can reproduce by growing a miniature version of itself
directly from the tissues of the parent. The miniature hydra then breaks off and
grows to full size. This type of reproduction is best called: - ANSWER-budding.
Which of the following is true about birth control pills? - ANSWER-They slightly
increase the risk of cardiovascular disease in women, especially if they smoke.
Which of the following is INCORRECT regarding meiosis in women? - ANSWER-
Every oogonium produces four mature ova.
Blood pressure falls with distance from the heart. Using this information, which of the
following properly lists the type of blood vessel from HIGHEST blood pressure to
LOWEST blood pressure? - ANSWER-arteries; capillaries; veins
Which of the following is NOT a typical type of lung damage that smoking causes? -
ANSWER-All of the above are typical of the damage smoking causes.
Which of the following organisms has an open circulatory system? - ANSWER-
grasshoppers
Organisms with an open circulatory system: - ANSWER-pump blood throughout the
spaces of their body cavity where it mixes with tissue fluids.
Which of the following organisms does NOT have a closed circulatory system? -
ANSWER-Both a) and d) are correct answers.
What is the disadvantage of having a "single circuit" with the gills set between the
heart and the rest of the tissues? - ANSWER-Organisms with this configuration
cannot sustain as much activity as those with two circuits.
The lymphatic system is a fluid transport system vital for human health. Instead of
blood, this system transports _________, which fills its own capillaries and vessels
and is made up of the _________________ fluid that bathes cells. - ANSWER-
lymph; interstitial
Which of the following is the name of the fluid in an insect's open circulatory system?
- ANSWER-hemolymph
Amphibians have: - ANSWER-two partially separated circuits of blood flow.
, Oxygen is carried in the blood stream, throughout the body via: - ANSWER-red
blood cells.
Chickens' breast muscles are light in color. Chicken breast meat is mostly "white
meat." This means that: - ANSWER-chicken breast muscle contains hardly any
myoglobin.
Amphibians must constantly keep their skin moist because: - ANSWER-the moisture
is essential to maintain gas exchange across the skin.
Which of the following is NOT measured by a polygraph? - ANSWER-eye twitches
When it comes to acquiring fuel and raw materials, why does the size of a
multicellular eukaryotic organism matter? Choose the BEST explanation. -
ANSWER-Larger organisms are made of more cells, most of which are no longer in
direct contact with the outside world.
Which of the following is NOT a function of the blood plasma in vertebrates? -
ANSWER-breaking down large carbohydrates into more easily absorbable smaller
carbohydrates
Which of the following is NOT a diving adaptation? - ANSWER-faster heart rate
Which of the following is NOT a component of the blood plasma? - ANSWER-
leukocytes
In what way are lymph ducts like veins in the cardiovascular system? - ANSWER-
They both have one-way valves.
What is the main function of the sinoatrial (SA) node? - ANSWER-choreograph an
efficient contraction of the heart
Which of the following is measured in the polygraph test in order to detect the activity
of the sweat glands? - ANSWER-skin conductance
What might be the explanation for why crocodiles, but not other reptiles, have an
"extra" artery to direct blood to the tissues directly from the right ventricle? -
ANSWER-Crocodiles spend more time underwater and sending blood to inactive
lungs makes no sense.
Which of the following is NOT a major difference between open and closed
circulatory systems? - ANSWER-Open systems are only found in flat organisms,
while closed systems are found in organisms with more complex shape.
Which of the following statements about the crocodilian circulatory system is
FALSE? - ANSWER-Crocodiles have open circulatory systems.
Gill arches - ANSWER-provide support to gill filaments.
