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Samenvatting - Zenuwstelsel (2040GENGE2) - Universiteit Antwerpen

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Samenvatting van de lessen zenuwstelsel in de 2e master van Universiteit Antwerpen. NIEUW CURRICULUM. ALLES VOOR HET EXAMEN!

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ZENUWSTELSEL
2e master geneeskunde




2024-2025
UANTWERPEN


1

,INHOUDSOPGAVE
inhoudsopgave ........................................................................................................................................................ 2
1. Neurologisch consult ..................................................................................................................................... 4
2. Klinische neurofysiologie ............................................................................................................................. 18
3. Neuroradiologie ........................................................................................................................................... 27
4. Autonoom zenuwstelsel .............................................................................................................................. 38
5. Visueel systeem ........................................................................................................................................... 49
6. Liquor en afwijkingen .................................................................................................................................. 60
7. Beweging ..................................................................................................................................................... 69
7.1 Sturen van beweging, ataxie, EPS ........................................................................................................... 69
7.2 Hypokinesie en parkinson ....................................................................................................................... 81
7.3 Functionele neurologische stoornissen .................................................................................................. 98
7.4 hyperkinetische bewegingsstoornissen ................................................................................................ 105
8. Neuromusculaire aandoeningen ............................................................................................................... 125
9. Hogere cerebrale functies ......................................................................................................................... 145
10. Aandoeningen van de hersenzenuwen ................................................................................................ 159
11. Ruggenmergaandoeningen ................................................................................................................... 176
12. Hydrocephalus en kinderneurochirurgie .............................................................................................. 185
13. Pijnsyndromen ...................................................................................................................................... 197
13.1 Pijn in rug en benen .............................................................................................................................. 197
13.2 Pijn in nek en arm ................................................................................................................................. 206
14. Infecties van het zenuwstelsel .............................................................................................................. 209
15. Slaapstoornissen ................................................................................................................................... 226
16. Epilepsie ................................................................................................................................................ 240
17. Afasie en dysartrie ................................................................................................................................ 253
17.1 Afasie .................................................................................................................................................... 253
17.2 Dysartrie ............................................................................................................................................... 263
18. Paraneoplastische aandoeningen ......................................................................................................... 274
19. Bewuszijnsstoornissen .......................................................................................................................... 281
20. neuroMetabole stoornissen ................................................................................................................. 292
21. Cerebrovasculaire aandoeningen ......................................................................................................... 303
22. Neurologische complicaties van niet-neurologische aandoeningen .................................................... 317
23. Dementie .............................................................................................................................................. 326
24. Palliatieve zorgen .................................................................................................................................. 343
25. Interventionele radiologie .................................................................................................................... 354



2

,26. Hoofd- en aangezichtspijn .................................................................................................................... 372
27. Traumatisch hoofd- en hersenletsel ..................................................................................................... 385
28. cerebellaire aandoeningen ................................................................................................................... 392
29. Hersentumoren ..................................................................................................................................... 403
30. Neurogenetica ...................................................................................................................................... 419
31. Multiple sclerose en aanverwante aandoeningen ................................................................................ 431
32. Neurologische afwijkingen bij kinderen, motor disorders .................................................................... 445




3

, 1. NEUROLOGISCH CONSULT
ONDERDELEN NEUROLOGISCH ONDERZOEK

3 GROTE ONDERDELEN

- Anamnese
o Inclusief hetero-anamnese
- Algemeen KO
- Neurologisch onderzoek


ANAMNESE
- = hoeksteen
- ‘een degelijke anamnese kan veel tijd en geld besparen’ (Kuks en Snoek)
- Hetero-anamnese
o = belangrijk
o Soms kan je anamnese niet bij pt doen door bewustzijns- of cognitieve veranderingen

WAAR IS HET LETSEL GELEGEN?
➔ = voornaamste vraag die de neuroloog zich stelt
- Corticaal
- Subcorticaal
o Piramidaal
o Extrapiramidaal
o Cerebellum
- Hersenstam
- Ruggenmerg
- Perifere zenuw
- Eindapparaat
o Neuromusculaire junctie
o Sensibele receptoren

DENK IN NIVEAU’S VAN DIAGNOSTIEK
- Anatomisch
o Één letsel, meerdere letsels, diffuus, welk niveau?
- Syndromaal
o Grote klinische syndromen
- Etiologisch
o Wat is het oorzakelijke pathologische proces?
→ hier dan gerichte therapie op ankeren
➔ Combinatie van kenmerken kennen om tot diagnose te komen




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