First Responder Final UPDATED Exam
Questions and CORRECT Answers
medical director - CORRECT ANSWER - a licensed physician who assumes the ultimate
responsibility for direction and oversight of all patient care delivered by personnel in an EMS
system. Also oversees training and assists in the development of treatment protocols
protocols - CORRECT ANSWER - written guidelines that direct the care EMS personnel
provide for patients
standing orders - CORRECT ANSWER - the medical director's specific instructions for
specific medical conditions or injuries
off-line medical direction - CORRECT ANSWER - an EMS system's written standing orders
and protocols, which authorize personnel to perform particular skills in certain situations without
actually speaking to the medical director or her designated agent
on-line medical direction - CORRECT ANSWER - orders to perform a skill or administer
care from the on-duty physician, given to the rescuer in person by radio or by phone
1. off-line medical direction
2. on-line medical direction - CORRECT ANSWER - What are the 2 types of medical
control/direction?
standard of care - CORRECT ANSWER - the care that should be provided for any level of
training based on local laws, administrative orders, and guidelines and protocols established by
the local EMS system
duty - CORRECT ANSWER - the legal obligation to provide care
,scope of practice - CORRECT ANSWER - refers to what is legally permitted to be done by
some or all individuals trained or licensed at a particular level
consent - CORRECT ANSWER - the legal term that means to give formal permission for
something to happen
capacity - CORRECT ANSWER - refers to a patient's legal rights and ability to make
decisions concerning his or her medical care
competence - CORRECT ANSWER - refers to the patient's mental ability to comprehend the
situation and make rational decisions regarding his or her medical care
1. expressed consent
2. informed consent
3. implied consent - CORRECT ANSWER - types of consent:
expressed consent - CORRECT ANSWER - a competent adult's decision to accept emergency
care
informed consent - CORRECT ANSWER - consent granted by a patient after he has been
appropriately informed of the care being suggested and associated consequences
implied consent - CORRECT ANSWER - a legal form of consent that assumes that a patient
who lacks the capacity or competency to provide his own consent would consent to receiving
emergency care if he were able
unresponsive - CORRECT ANSWER - having no reaction to verbal or painful stimuli
refusal of care - CORRECT ANSWER - the declining of care by a competent person; a person
has the right to refuse the care of anyone who responds to an emergency scene
,negligence - CORRECT ANSWER - a failure to provide the expected standard of care
duty to act - CORRECT ANSWER - a requirement that EMRs, at least while on duty, must
provide care according to a set standard
Good Samaritan laws - CORRECT ANSWER - State laws designed to protect certain care
providers if they deliver the standard of care in good faith, to the level of their training, and to
the best of their abilities
abandonment - CORRECT ANSWER - to leave a sick or injured patient before equal or more
highly trained personnel can assume responsibility for care
body substance isolation (BSI) precautions - CORRECT ANSWER - practice of using
specific personal protective equipment to minimize contact with a patient's blood and body fluids
1. ingestion - by swallowing
2. injection - through a needle, sting, or bite
3. absorption - through the skin
4. inhalation - breathed in through the lungs - CORRECT ANSWER - routes of exposure:
pathogen - CORRECT ANSWER - a disease-causing organism such as a virus or bacterium
1. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) - pathogen that causes AIDs
2. Hepatitis - inflammation of the liver
3. Tuberculosis - bacterial disease that mainly affects the lungs
4. Meningitis - inflammation of the lining of the brain and spinal cord - CORRECT
ANSWER - What are the 4 diseases of most concern to EMRs?
, anatomy - CORRECT ANSWER - the study of body structure
anatomical position - CORRECT ANSWER - the standard reference position for the body in
the study of anatomy; the body is standing upright, facing the observer, arms are down at the
sides, and the palms of the hands are facing forward
anterior - CORRECT ANSWER - the front of the body or body part
posterior - CORRECT ANSWER - the back of the body or body part
midline - CORRECT ANSWER - an imaginary vertical line used to divide the body into right
and left halves
medial - CORRECT ANSWER - toward the midline of the body
lateral - CORRECT ANSWER - to the side, away from the midline of the body
superior - CORRECT ANSWER - toward the head
inferior - CORRECT ANSWER - toward the feet
proximal - CORRECT ANSWER - closer to the torso
distal - CORRECT ANSWER - farther away from the torso
supine - CORRECT ANSWER - the patient is lying face up
prone - CORRECT ANSWER - the patient is lying face down
Questions and CORRECT Answers
medical director - CORRECT ANSWER - a licensed physician who assumes the ultimate
responsibility for direction and oversight of all patient care delivered by personnel in an EMS
system. Also oversees training and assists in the development of treatment protocols
protocols - CORRECT ANSWER - written guidelines that direct the care EMS personnel
provide for patients
standing orders - CORRECT ANSWER - the medical director's specific instructions for
specific medical conditions or injuries
off-line medical direction - CORRECT ANSWER - an EMS system's written standing orders
and protocols, which authorize personnel to perform particular skills in certain situations without
actually speaking to the medical director or her designated agent
on-line medical direction - CORRECT ANSWER - orders to perform a skill or administer
care from the on-duty physician, given to the rescuer in person by radio or by phone
1. off-line medical direction
2. on-line medical direction - CORRECT ANSWER - What are the 2 types of medical
control/direction?
standard of care - CORRECT ANSWER - the care that should be provided for any level of
training based on local laws, administrative orders, and guidelines and protocols established by
the local EMS system
duty - CORRECT ANSWER - the legal obligation to provide care
,scope of practice - CORRECT ANSWER - refers to what is legally permitted to be done by
some or all individuals trained or licensed at a particular level
consent - CORRECT ANSWER - the legal term that means to give formal permission for
something to happen
capacity - CORRECT ANSWER - refers to a patient's legal rights and ability to make
decisions concerning his or her medical care
competence - CORRECT ANSWER - refers to the patient's mental ability to comprehend the
situation and make rational decisions regarding his or her medical care
1. expressed consent
2. informed consent
3. implied consent - CORRECT ANSWER - types of consent:
expressed consent - CORRECT ANSWER - a competent adult's decision to accept emergency
care
informed consent - CORRECT ANSWER - consent granted by a patient after he has been
appropriately informed of the care being suggested and associated consequences
implied consent - CORRECT ANSWER - a legal form of consent that assumes that a patient
who lacks the capacity or competency to provide his own consent would consent to receiving
emergency care if he were able
unresponsive - CORRECT ANSWER - having no reaction to verbal or painful stimuli
refusal of care - CORRECT ANSWER - the declining of care by a competent person; a person
has the right to refuse the care of anyone who responds to an emergency scene
,negligence - CORRECT ANSWER - a failure to provide the expected standard of care
duty to act - CORRECT ANSWER - a requirement that EMRs, at least while on duty, must
provide care according to a set standard
Good Samaritan laws - CORRECT ANSWER - State laws designed to protect certain care
providers if they deliver the standard of care in good faith, to the level of their training, and to
the best of their abilities
abandonment - CORRECT ANSWER - to leave a sick or injured patient before equal or more
highly trained personnel can assume responsibility for care
body substance isolation (BSI) precautions - CORRECT ANSWER - practice of using
specific personal protective equipment to minimize contact with a patient's blood and body fluids
1. ingestion - by swallowing
2. injection - through a needle, sting, or bite
3. absorption - through the skin
4. inhalation - breathed in through the lungs - CORRECT ANSWER - routes of exposure:
pathogen - CORRECT ANSWER - a disease-causing organism such as a virus or bacterium
1. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) - pathogen that causes AIDs
2. Hepatitis - inflammation of the liver
3. Tuberculosis - bacterial disease that mainly affects the lungs
4. Meningitis - inflammation of the lining of the brain and spinal cord - CORRECT
ANSWER - What are the 4 diseases of most concern to EMRs?
, anatomy - CORRECT ANSWER - the study of body structure
anatomical position - CORRECT ANSWER - the standard reference position for the body in
the study of anatomy; the body is standing upright, facing the observer, arms are down at the
sides, and the palms of the hands are facing forward
anterior - CORRECT ANSWER - the front of the body or body part
posterior - CORRECT ANSWER - the back of the body or body part
midline - CORRECT ANSWER - an imaginary vertical line used to divide the body into right
and left halves
medial - CORRECT ANSWER - toward the midline of the body
lateral - CORRECT ANSWER - to the side, away from the midline of the body
superior - CORRECT ANSWER - toward the head
inferior - CORRECT ANSWER - toward the feet
proximal - CORRECT ANSWER - closer to the torso
distal - CORRECT ANSWER - farther away from the torso
supine - CORRECT ANSWER - the patient is lying face up
prone - CORRECT ANSWER - the patient is lying face down
