Personal Training Final Exam
Latest 2023/2024
what are the exercise considerations for people w/ cardiac conditions? - ans1.
emphasize self-monitoring for intensity
2. avoid rapid change from laying down to standing
3. avoid valsalva maneuver
4. avoid isometric exercises(rise in BP)
What is the first objective in phase 1 for stability and mobility training in programming? -
ansTo reestablish appropriate levels of stability and mobility
What is center of mass(COM) - anspoint where weight is evenly distributed
For the first phase, what should be the first region prioritized? - ansThe lumbar region
What other regions should be then focused on after the lumbar spine? - ansLumbar
spine--->pelvis and thoracic spine--->scapulothoracic spine--->glenohumeral joint
Lumbar-stable
Pelvis and thoraci-Mobile
Scapulothoracic- stable
Glenohumeral-Mobile
Then DISTAL regions
What is the importance of improving the three regions first before going to distal
regions? - ansCompromises existing stability; when a joint lacks stability, many muscles
,normally mobilize that joint may need to alter their true functions to provide stability
which leads to increase the potential for dysfunctional movement and injury
Type 1 muscles - ansstability
Type 2 muscles - ansmobility
What is self-myofascial release? - ansstretching of the muscle with a foam roller
What exercises make up the proximal stability: core function for lumbar area? - ans1.
Supine drawing in
2. Quadruped Drawing-in with extremity movement
mobility or stability? glenohumeral - ansmobility
mobility or stability? scapulothoracic - ansstability
mobility or stability? thoracic spine - ansmobility
mobility or stability? lumbar spine - ansstability
mobility or stability? hip - ansmobility
mobility or stability? knee - ansstability
mobility or stability? ankle - ansmobility
mobility or stability? foot - ansstability
As the agonist muscle shortens, what does the antagonist muscle do? - anslengthen
,What is a sarcomere? - ansthe basic functioning unit of the myofibril that contains the
contractile proteins that generate skeletal muscle movements
What is myofibril? - ansportion of muscle that gives the striated appearance to skeletal
muscle
How is a neutral pelvis achieved? - ansby opposing force couples between 4 muscle
groups
In neutral pelvis, rectus abdominis is opposite of - anship flexors
In neutral pelvis, hamstrings are opposite of - anserector spinae
At the glenhumeral joint, what is a force-couple? - ansdeltoid and rotator cuff muscles
during abduction
What is reciprocal inhibition? - answhen hypertonic muscles decrease the neural drive
to the opposing muscle
what can a tight hip flexor do? - ansinhibit and weaken the butt so that the hamstrings
try to help and can get injured in hip extension
What is synergistic dominance? - ansex: when the hamstrings try to help with hip
abduction because the glutes are weakened from tight hip flexors; the hamstrings
become the prime mover
What proximal region of the body encompasses the body's COM and core? (center of
mass) - anslumbar spine
, What is the order of phase 1: stability and mobility training? - ansstart with core and
lumbar spine, then pelvic and thoracic and scapulae and eventually when stable,
extremities
Proximal stability facilitates what? - ansdistal stability
If a client shows a lack of trunk stability during hurdle step test, what is the problem? -
anslack of core function
If a client shows anterior pelvic tilt, what may be the problem? - anstight hip flexors
What are is part of collecting forms that are health-history documents that are typically
collected at the initiation of enrollment. - ansPre-Participation Screening
what is a written statement signed by a participant prior to testing that informs him or
her of testing purposes, process and all potential risks and discomforts? - ansInformed
Consent
what is considered legal responsibility? - ansLiability
What are conditions are coronary heat disease and hypertension? - ansCardiac
Conditions
what refers to any disease that affects the cardiovascular system? - ansCardiovascular
Disease (CVD)
What is the results from the development of atherosclerosis in the coronary arteries? -
ansCoronary Heat Disease
Latest 2023/2024
what are the exercise considerations for people w/ cardiac conditions? - ans1.
emphasize self-monitoring for intensity
2. avoid rapid change from laying down to standing
3. avoid valsalva maneuver
4. avoid isometric exercises(rise in BP)
What is the first objective in phase 1 for stability and mobility training in programming? -
ansTo reestablish appropriate levels of stability and mobility
What is center of mass(COM) - anspoint where weight is evenly distributed
For the first phase, what should be the first region prioritized? - ansThe lumbar region
What other regions should be then focused on after the lumbar spine? - ansLumbar
spine--->pelvis and thoracic spine--->scapulothoracic spine--->glenohumeral joint
Lumbar-stable
Pelvis and thoraci-Mobile
Scapulothoracic- stable
Glenohumeral-Mobile
Then DISTAL regions
What is the importance of improving the three regions first before going to distal
regions? - ansCompromises existing stability; when a joint lacks stability, many muscles
,normally mobilize that joint may need to alter their true functions to provide stability
which leads to increase the potential for dysfunctional movement and injury
Type 1 muscles - ansstability
Type 2 muscles - ansmobility
What is self-myofascial release? - ansstretching of the muscle with a foam roller
What exercises make up the proximal stability: core function for lumbar area? - ans1.
Supine drawing in
2. Quadruped Drawing-in with extremity movement
mobility or stability? glenohumeral - ansmobility
mobility or stability? scapulothoracic - ansstability
mobility or stability? thoracic spine - ansmobility
mobility or stability? lumbar spine - ansstability
mobility or stability? hip - ansmobility
mobility or stability? knee - ansstability
mobility or stability? ankle - ansmobility
mobility or stability? foot - ansstability
As the agonist muscle shortens, what does the antagonist muscle do? - anslengthen
,What is a sarcomere? - ansthe basic functioning unit of the myofibril that contains the
contractile proteins that generate skeletal muscle movements
What is myofibril? - ansportion of muscle that gives the striated appearance to skeletal
muscle
How is a neutral pelvis achieved? - ansby opposing force couples between 4 muscle
groups
In neutral pelvis, rectus abdominis is opposite of - anship flexors
In neutral pelvis, hamstrings are opposite of - anserector spinae
At the glenhumeral joint, what is a force-couple? - ansdeltoid and rotator cuff muscles
during abduction
What is reciprocal inhibition? - answhen hypertonic muscles decrease the neural drive
to the opposing muscle
what can a tight hip flexor do? - ansinhibit and weaken the butt so that the hamstrings
try to help and can get injured in hip extension
What is synergistic dominance? - ansex: when the hamstrings try to help with hip
abduction because the glutes are weakened from tight hip flexors; the hamstrings
become the prime mover
What proximal region of the body encompasses the body's COM and core? (center of
mass) - anslumbar spine
, What is the order of phase 1: stability and mobility training? - ansstart with core and
lumbar spine, then pelvic and thoracic and scapulae and eventually when stable,
extremities
Proximal stability facilitates what? - ansdistal stability
If a client shows a lack of trunk stability during hurdle step test, what is the problem? -
anslack of core function
If a client shows anterior pelvic tilt, what may be the problem? - anstight hip flexors
What are is part of collecting forms that are health-history documents that are typically
collected at the initiation of enrollment. - ansPre-Participation Screening
what is a written statement signed by a participant prior to testing that informs him or
her of testing purposes, process and all potential risks and discomforts? - ansInformed
Consent
what is considered legal responsibility? - ansLiability
What are conditions are coronary heat disease and hypertension? - ansCardiac
Conditions
what refers to any disease that affects the cardiovascular system? - ansCardiovascular
Disease (CVD)
What is the results from the development of atherosclerosis in the coronary arteries? -
ansCoronary Heat Disease
