NURS 101 NR101 ATI Med-Surg proctored Exam
{Graded A+} Questions And Correct Answers (Verified
Answers) Plus Rationales 2025 Northeastern University
1. A client with chronic kidney disease is scheduled for hemodialysis. Which
lab value should the nurse monitor most closely before dialysis?
a) Hemoglobin
b) Potassium
c) Calcium
d) Sodium
Rationale: Potassium levels can rise dangerously high in clients with kidney
failure and must be monitored before dialysis to prevent cardiac arrhythmias.
2. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate to prevent deep vein
thrombosis (DVT) in a postoperative client?
a) Encourage frequent coughing
b) Restrict fluid intake
c) Encourage early ambulation
d) Apply cold compresses
Rationale: Early ambulation helps promote circulation and reduces the risk of
DVT in postoperative clients.
, 3. A client is prescribed warfarin for atrial fibrillation. Which laboratory test
will the nurse monitor to assess the medication’s effectiveness?
a) Partial thromboplastin time (PTT)
b) International Normalized Ratio (INR)
c) Platelet count
d) Hematocrit
Rationale: The INR is used to monitor warfarin therapy to ensure therapeutic
anticoagulation and prevent bleeding or clotting complications.
4. Which symptom indicates a client with heart failure is experiencing fluid
overload?
a) Dry mucous membranes
b) Weight loss
c) Peripheral edema
d) Decreased blood pressure
Rationale: Peripheral edema is a classic sign of fluid overload in heart failure
due to poor circulation and fluid retention.
5. A nurse is caring for a client with pneumonia. Which finding indicates
improvement in respiratory status?
a) Increased use of accessory muscles
b) Restlessness and agitation
, c) Decreased respiratory rate and improved oxygen saturation
d) Productive cough with green sputum
Rationale: Improved respiratory status is evidenced by a decreased respiratory
rate and increased oxygen saturation levels.
6. Which electrolyte imbalance is most commonly associated with Addison’s
disease?
a) Hypernatremia
b) Hypercalcemia
c) Hyponatremia
d) Hypokalemia
Rationale: Addison’s disease often leads to hyponatremia due to aldosterone
deficiency, causing sodium loss.
7. A client with diabetes is experiencing signs of hypoglycemia. Which action
should the nurse take first?
a) Administer insulin
b) Give 15 grams of fast-acting carbohydrate
c) Notify the healthcare provider
d) Check the client's blood pressure
Rationale: The first action is to administer 15 grams of fast-acting carbohydrate
to raise blood glucose quickly.
, 8. The nurse is caring for a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD). Which oxygen delivery method is most appropriate to maintain
oxygen saturation between 88-92%?
a) Non-rebreather mask at 15 L/min
b) Nasal cannula at 6 L/min
c) Venturi mask at 24-28%
d) Simple face mask at 10 L/min
Rationale: Venturi masks provide precise oxygen concentrations, ideal for COPD
clients to prevent hyperoxia and CO2 retention.
9. A client with peptic ulcer disease reports sharp epigastric pain two hours
after eating. What is the likely cause of this pain?
a) Gastric ulcer
b) Duodenal ulcer
c) Pancreatitis
d) Gallbladder inflammation
Rationale: Gastric ulcer pain typically worsens shortly after eating due to acid
contacting the ulcerated stomach lining.
10.Which laboratory value would the nurse expect to be elevated in a client
with an acute infection?
a) Hemoglobin
b) White blood cell count
{Graded A+} Questions And Correct Answers (Verified
Answers) Plus Rationales 2025 Northeastern University
1. A client with chronic kidney disease is scheduled for hemodialysis. Which
lab value should the nurse monitor most closely before dialysis?
a) Hemoglobin
b) Potassium
c) Calcium
d) Sodium
Rationale: Potassium levels can rise dangerously high in clients with kidney
failure and must be monitored before dialysis to prevent cardiac arrhythmias.
2. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate to prevent deep vein
thrombosis (DVT) in a postoperative client?
a) Encourage frequent coughing
b) Restrict fluid intake
c) Encourage early ambulation
d) Apply cold compresses
Rationale: Early ambulation helps promote circulation and reduces the risk of
DVT in postoperative clients.
, 3. A client is prescribed warfarin for atrial fibrillation. Which laboratory test
will the nurse monitor to assess the medication’s effectiveness?
a) Partial thromboplastin time (PTT)
b) International Normalized Ratio (INR)
c) Platelet count
d) Hematocrit
Rationale: The INR is used to monitor warfarin therapy to ensure therapeutic
anticoagulation and prevent bleeding or clotting complications.
4. Which symptom indicates a client with heart failure is experiencing fluid
overload?
a) Dry mucous membranes
b) Weight loss
c) Peripheral edema
d) Decreased blood pressure
Rationale: Peripheral edema is a classic sign of fluid overload in heart failure
due to poor circulation and fluid retention.
5. A nurse is caring for a client with pneumonia. Which finding indicates
improvement in respiratory status?
a) Increased use of accessory muscles
b) Restlessness and agitation
, c) Decreased respiratory rate and improved oxygen saturation
d) Productive cough with green sputum
Rationale: Improved respiratory status is evidenced by a decreased respiratory
rate and increased oxygen saturation levels.
6. Which electrolyte imbalance is most commonly associated with Addison’s
disease?
a) Hypernatremia
b) Hypercalcemia
c) Hyponatremia
d) Hypokalemia
Rationale: Addison’s disease often leads to hyponatremia due to aldosterone
deficiency, causing sodium loss.
7. A client with diabetes is experiencing signs of hypoglycemia. Which action
should the nurse take first?
a) Administer insulin
b) Give 15 grams of fast-acting carbohydrate
c) Notify the healthcare provider
d) Check the client's blood pressure
Rationale: The first action is to administer 15 grams of fast-acting carbohydrate
to raise blood glucose quickly.
, 8. The nurse is caring for a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD). Which oxygen delivery method is most appropriate to maintain
oxygen saturation between 88-92%?
a) Non-rebreather mask at 15 L/min
b) Nasal cannula at 6 L/min
c) Venturi mask at 24-28%
d) Simple face mask at 10 L/min
Rationale: Venturi masks provide precise oxygen concentrations, ideal for COPD
clients to prevent hyperoxia and CO2 retention.
9. A client with peptic ulcer disease reports sharp epigastric pain two hours
after eating. What is the likely cause of this pain?
a) Gastric ulcer
b) Duodenal ulcer
c) Pancreatitis
d) Gallbladder inflammation
Rationale: Gastric ulcer pain typically worsens shortly after eating due to acid
contacting the ulcerated stomach lining.
10.Which laboratory value would the nurse expect to be elevated in a client
with an acute infection?
a) Hemoglobin
b) White blood cell count
