Biology 1110 Final Exam (MTSU) with
correct answers
What |4 |things |do |all |cells |contain? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-Protein
Nucleic |acid
Carbohydrates
Lipids
What |are |the |7 |Categories |of |Taxonomy? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order |
Family
Genus |
Species
What |are |the |5 |(or |6) |Kingdoms? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-Monera |or |- |Eubacteria, |Archaebacteria
Protista
,Fungi
Plantae
Animalia
Name |the |3 |domains |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-Bacteria |
Archaea
Eukarya
On |what |basis |are |all |living |things |organized |by? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-genetic |sequencing
What |are |organelles? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-Membrane |bound |entities |found |in |eukaryotic |cells |that |
carry |out |some |particular |function
What |is |the |purpose |of |a |nucleus? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-To |make |and |maintain |DNA |& |RNA
Describe |the |2 |types |of |endoplasmic |reticulum |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER--Rough- |associated |with |
ribosomes, |protein |synthesis
-Smooth- |no |ribosomes, |lipid |synthesis
What |occurs |inside |the |Golgi |Apparatus? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-Final |protein |processing |
Carbohydrates |are |added
Proper |protein |folding
How |do |the |Endoplasmic |Reticulum |and |Golgi |Apparatus |work |together? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-
Secretary |Pathway |Model |
Protein |synthesized |in |ER
Leaves |ER |in |vesicle |
,Fuses |with |G.A. |
Final |modifications |made
Completed |protein |packaged |into |vesicle |which |pinches |off |and |migrates |to |the |cell |membrane
What |is |the |purpose |of |lysosomes? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-Acidic |organelles |that |contain |enzymes |
More |common |in |animal |cells |(DIGESTIVE |SYSTEM)
Describe |Peroxisomes |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-Centers |for |oxidation- |reduction |reactions |(transfer |of |
electrons) |
Contain |enzymes |that |detoxify |oxygen |radicals
What |is |the |purpose |of |Mitochondria? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-To |make |Adenosine |Triphosphate |(ATP)
What |is |the |large |membrane |surface |area |around |Mitochondria? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-Cristae
Discuss |the |Endosymbiosis |Theory |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-One |cell |phagocytized |a |bacterium |and |a |
symbiotic |relationship |developed. |
Parent |cell |provides |protection, |nutrients, |phagocytized |cell |provides |ATP
What |do |Chloroplasts |do? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-Use |energy |from |sunlight |to |make |chemical |energy |
(carbohydrates)
What |is |the |large |membrane |surface |area |of |chloroplasts? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-Thylakoids
What |are |vacuoles? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-Storage |sites |for |water, |ions, |proteins, |pigments, |etc
What |does |the |cytoskeleton |do? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-provides |shape |for |cells
utilized |during |cell |division
allow |molecules |to |be |moved |around |
(Not |an |organelle)
What |is |the |cytoskeleton |composed |of? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-Actin |filaments |(microfilaments) |
, Intermediate |filaments
Microtubules
What |is |the |purpose |of |the |cell |wall? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-Provides |structure |and |protection |for |plant |
cells |(not |an |organelle)
How |do |cells |communicate? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-Tight |junctions |
Desmosomes
Gap |junctions
How |are |tight |junctions |formed? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-membrane |proteins |that |bind |to |one |another |
holding |cell |membranes |together.
How |do |gap |junctions |form? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-membrane |proteins |from |adjacent |cells |line |up |and |
form |a |channel |linking |cells |together.
Define |Catabolism |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-Reactions |that |break |down |larger |molecules |into |smaller |ones,
|usually |resulting |in |energy |(ATP) |formation
Define |Anabolism |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-Reactions |that |build |up |smaller |molecules |into |larger |ones, |
usually |requiring |energy |(ATP)
How |is |the |potential |energy |of |an |electron |related |to |it's |location? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-Higher |energy
|farther |from |the |nucleus
How |do |electrons |give |off |energy? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-by |returning |to |lower |levels |closer |to |the |
atoms |nucleus
What |is |an |exergonic |reaction? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-A |reaction |that |releases |energy
What |is |an |endergonic |reaction? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-A |reaction |that |requires |energy
What |is |an |oxidation- |reduction |reaction? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-One |molecules |loses |an |electron |(is |
oxidized) |and |another |gains |an |electron |(is |reduced). |
A' |+ |B |-----> |A |+ |B'
Where |is |the |abundance |of |energy |stored |in |ATP? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-phosphate |group. |Negatively |
charged |oxygen |particles.
When |is |energy |released |from |ATP? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-When |is |is |hydrolyzed |(water |added) |
correct answers
What |4 |things |do |all |cells |contain? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-Protein
Nucleic |acid
Carbohydrates
Lipids
What |are |the |7 |Categories |of |Taxonomy? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order |
Family
Genus |
Species
What |are |the |5 |(or |6) |Kingdoms? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-Monera |or |- |Eubacteria, |Archaebacteria
Protista
,Fungi
Plantae
Animalia
Name |the |3 |domains |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-Bacteria |
Archaea
Eukarya
On |what |basis |are |all |living |things |organized |by? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-genetic |sequencing
What |are |organelles? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-Membrane |bound |entities |found |in |eukaryotic |cells |that |
carry |out |some |particular |function
What |is |the |purpose |of |a |nucleus? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-To |make |and |maintain |DNA |& |RNA
Describe |the |2 |types |of |endoplasmic |reticulum |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER--Rough- |associated |with |
ribosomes, |protein |synthesis
-Smooth- |no |ribosomes, |lipid |synthesis
What |occurs |inside |the |Golgi |Apparatus? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-Final |protein |processing |
Carbohydrates |are |added
Proper |protein |folding
How |do |the |Endoplasmic |Reticulum |and |Golgi |Apparatus |work |together? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-
Secretary |Pathway |Model |
Protein |synthesized |in |ER
Leaves |ER |in |vesicle |
,Fuses |with |G.A. |
Final |modifications |made
Completed |protein |packaged |into |vesicle |which |pinches |off |and |migrates |to |the |cell |membrane
What |is |the |purpose |of |lysosomes? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-Acidic |organelles |that |contain |enzymes |
More |common |in |animal |cells |(DIGESTIVE |SYSTEM)
Describe |Peroxisomes |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-Centers |for |oxidation- |reduction |reactions |(transfer |of |
electrons) |
Contain |enzymes |that |detoxify |oxygen |radicals
What |is |the |purpose |of |Mitochondria? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-To |make |Adenosine |Triphosphate |(ATP)
What |is |the |large |membrane |surface |area |around |Mitochondria? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-Cristae
Discuss |the |Endosymbiosis |Theory |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-One |cell |phagocytized |a |bacterium |and |a |
symbiotic |relationship |developed. |
Parent |cell |provides |protection, |nutrients, |phagocytized |cell |provides |ATP
What |do |Chloroplasts |do? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-Use |energy |from |sunlight |to |make |chemical |energy |
(carbohydrates)
What |is |the |large |membrane |surface |area |of |chloroplasts? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-Thylakoids
What |are |vacuoles? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-Storage |sites |for |water, |ions, |proteins, |pigments, |etc
What |does |the |cytoskeleton |do? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-provides |shape |for |cells
utilized |during |cell |division
allow |molecules |to |be |moved |around |
(Not |an |organelle)
What |is |the |cytoskeleton |composed |of? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-Actin |filaments |(microfilaments) |
, Intermediate |filaments
Microtubules
What |is |the |purpose |of |the |cell |wall? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-Provides |structure |and |protection |for |plant |
cells |(not |an |organelle)
How |do |cells |communicate? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-Tight |junctions |
Desmosomes
Gap |junctions
How |are |tight |junctions |formed? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-membrane |proteins |that |bind |to |one |another |
holding |cell |membranes |together.
How |do |gap |junctions |form? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-membrane |proteins |from |adjacent |cells |line |up |and |
form |a |channel |linking |cells |together.
Define |Catabolism |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-Reactions |that |break |down |larger |molecules |into |smaller |ones,
|usually |resulting |in |energy |(ATP) |formation
Define |Anabolism |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-Reactions |that |build |up |smaller |molecules |into |larger |ones, |
usually |requiring |energy |(ATP)
How |is |the |potential |energy |of |an |electron |related |to |it's |location? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-Higher |energy
|farther |from |the |nucleus
How |do |electrons |give |off |energy? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-by |returning |to |lower |levels |closer |to |the |
atoms |nucleus
What |is |an |exergonic |reaction? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-A |reaction |that |releases |energy
What |is |an |endergonic |reaction? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-A |reaction |that |requires |energy
What |is |an |oxidation- |reduction |reaction? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-One |molecules |loses |an |electron |(is |
oxidized) |and |another |gains |an |electron |(is |reduced). |
A' |+ |B |-----> |A |+ |B'
Where |is |the |abundance |of |energy |stored |in |ATP? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-phosphate |group. |Negatively |
charged |oxygen |particles.
When |is |energy |released |from |ATP? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER-When |is |is |hydrolyzed |(water |added) |
