Questions And Well Defined Answers(Verified
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How do you reduce observer bias? - CORRECT ANSWER-by ensuring interobserver
agreement
guidelines for gathering evidence - CORRECT ANSWER-- reducing observer bias
- examining experimental control
-replication
- self-correction
what is behaviorism - CORRECT ANSWER-philosophy of the science of human
behavior
what does structuralism rely on? - CORRECT ANSWER-introspection
structuralism - CORRECT ANSWER-the science of human behavior permits
introspection to explain the conscious mind
parsimony - CORRECT ANSWER-look for the simplest explanation possible
,what is science? - CORRECT ANSWER-an attempt to discover order, and to display
lawful relations
determinism - CORRECT ANSWER-The universe is a lawful and orderly place
what does it mean to be scientifically skeptical? - CORRECT ANSWER-that
assumptions should not be made until evidence is available
methodological behaviorism - CORRECT ANSWER-A philosophical position that
views behavioral events that cannot be publicly observed as outside the realm of
science. and relied on logical positivism
-does not consider private events -came from psychophysical parallelism
psychophysical parallelism - CORRECT ANSWER--mental events can cause only
mental events
-physical events can cause only physical events
What did normand present? - CORRECT ANSWER--importance of objective,
empirical science
-being skeptical does not equate being cynical: withhold judgement until
sufficient evidence is presented, and examine available evidence before making a
decision
, Characteristics of pseudoscience - CORRECT ANSWER--can't be proven false
-anecdotal evidence
how is science self-correcting? - CORRECT ANSWER-through replication
what is the credo of helping professionals? - CORRECT ANSWER-do no harm
explanatory fictions - CORRECT ANSWER-socially approved ways for explaining
behavior that violates parsimony
Classical Behaviorism - CORRECT ANSWER-S-R behavioism that does not account
for consequences or private events
reflex - CORRECT ANSWER-behavior controlled by external agents
who studied conditioned reflexes - CORRECT ANSWER-Pavlov
how did pavlov avoid mentalistic and explanatory fictions? - CORRECT ANSWER-by
controlling conditions that allowed him to show stimuli can be conditioned
evolutionary explanation for reflexes? - CORRECT ANSWER-for survival of the
organism