MCPHS Microbiology Self Paced
49 year old man with a parakeet - ANS-psittacosis
A direct agglutination test could be used for which of the following? - ANS-To detect antibodies
against a bacterium
A drug that binds to mannose on human cells would prevent - ANS-e coli
A drug that binds with sterols would injure __________. - ANS-eukaryotic membrane
A nucleoside analog used to treat HIV infection is __________. - ANS-zidovuidine
A patient has fever difficulty breathing chest pains fluid in alveoli and pos tb skin tst gram
positive cocci are isolated from sputum - ANS-a macrolid
a patient presents with vomiting diarrhea and history of fever and headache bacterial cultures
of blood - ANS-ehrlichiosis
The A-B exotoxin ANS-A alters cell function by preventing the synthesis of proteins. B: A
binding contract examples: Corynebacterium diphtheria, clostridium botulinum, c. tetani, vibrio
cholerae
Adherence - ANS-Adhesions / ligands bind to receptors on host cells, form biofims
Glycocalyx: streptococcus mutans
Fimbriae: E.coli
M proteins: Strepoccus pyogenes
Pili, flagella, glycoproteins, lipoproteins
Adjuvant - ANS-additive that boosts immune response (alum. salts)
Allows vaccine to be more effective
derivate of lipid a
activation of toll like receptors
aerobic gram neg bacteria produce tracheal cytotoxin that kills ciliated cells - ANS-pertussis
Alexander Fleming - ANS-PCN
All of the following are antiprotozoan drugs EXCEPT __________. - ANS-mebendazole
anaerobes - ANS-Clindamycin
metronidazole
skin of an anaerobic gram pos rod treated with benzyl peroxide and retinoids -
ANS-propionbacterium acnes Antagonism, or ANS, occurs when one drug's effect is greater
than that of the other. pcn and tetra
Antibiosis - ANS-the process of a microbe producing an antibiotic in small amounts to inhibit
growth of other microbes in their vicinity
ANS-1, antibiotic resistance; porins, blocking entry 2. inactivation by enzyme : affects natural
pcn, hydrolyzed b lactamase enzyme, leukocidin destroys neutrophils
3. alteration of target molecule pbp cross linking of peptidycon
4. efflux of antibiotic pumps out
There will be more enzymes produced by bacteria. fungus will produce less sterols which drug
is effective against
antigenic variation - ANS-Alteration of surface antigens to avoid detection by host antibodies
, Examples: flu, gonorrhea, trypanosoma brucei gambiense
Antimicrobial drugs - ANS-interfere with the growth of microbes within a host
Antitoxin - ANS-antibodies against a specific toxin
athletes foot - ANS-cutaneous mycosis
augmentin - ANS-amoxicillin/clavulanate
Avoid being killed by hosts immune system - ANS-Viruses avoid the host's immune response
by growing inside host cells; some can remain latent in a host cell for prolonged periods. Some
protozoa avoid the immune response by mutations that change their antigens.
babesosis - ANS-ticks mice
Bacterial infections are easier to treat using chemotherapy than are other types of infections
caused by other types of microorganisms. Why? - ANS-bacteria are prokaryotic
Bacterial infections are easier to treat using chemotherapy than are other types of infections
caused by other types of microorganisms. Why? - ANS-ivermectin
Bacterial vaccines - ANS-Diphteria
meningitis
pertusis antigenic fragments hyumoral
pneumonia
tetanus toxin humoral
hib conjuated humoral
bacteriostatic - ANS-prevent microbes from growing
Biofilms - ANS-Hides antigens
prevents phagocytosis
eliminates phagocytes Blastomycosis - ANS-mississippi to great lakes
botulism - ANS-blocks release of neurotransmitter acetylcholine
type a 60-70 % ca wa co or nm
boy has fever rash headache sore throat and cough rash on trunk face and arms -
ANS-measles
Buruli Ulcer - ANS-Mycobacterium ulcerans
Cachectin - ANS-tumor necrosis factor
candida - ANS-ovoid eukaryotic cell
Capsules - resist phagocytosis - ANS-Strep. Pneumoniae, Hib, bacillus anthracis
Capsules play a role in the virulence of all of the following EXCEPT __________. -
ANS-mycobacacterium tb
cell wall components - ANS-M proteins: mediates attachment and resists phagocytosis (strep.
pyogenes)
Opa protein: assist attachment and recept mediated endocytosis, inhibs helper t cells (n.
gonorrhoeae)
Mycolic acid: Waxy, resists digestion (mycobacterium TB)
Chlamydia - ANS-intracellular reticulate bodies of this gram neg bacterium convert elementary
bodies that can infect a new host
Chloroquine-resistant malaria may be treated with __________. - ANS-mefloquine
Classification of exotoxins - ANS-1. Based on the attacked host cell (cardiotoxin) 2. Disease
they are associated with: tetanus
3. Bacterium that produces it: botulinum
49 year old man with a parakeet - ANS-psittacosis
A direct agglutination test could be used for which of the following? - ANS-To detect antibodies
against a bacterium
A drug that binds to mannose on human cells would prevent - ANS-e coli
A drug that binds with sterols would injure __________. - ANS-eukaryotic membrane
A nucleoside analog used to treat HIV infection is __________. - ANS-zidovuidine
A patient has fever difficulty breathing chest pains fluid in alveoli and pos tb skin tst gram
positive cocci are isolated from sputum - ANS-a macrolid
a patient presents with vomiting diarrhea and history of fever and headache bacterial cultures
of blood - ANS-ehrlichiosis
The A-B exotoxin ANS-A alters cell function by preventing the synthesis of proteins. B: A
binding contract examples: Corynebacterium diphtheria, clostridium botulinum, c. tetani, vibrio
cholerae
Adherence - ANS-Adhesions / ligands bind to receptors on host cells, form biofims
Glycocalyx: streptococcus mutans
Fimbriae: E.coli
M proteins: Strepoccus pyogenes
Pili, flagella, glycoproteins, lipoproteins
Adjuvant - ANS-additive that boosts immune response (alum. salts)
Allows vaccine to be more effective
derivate of lipid a
activation of toll like receptors
aerobic gram neg bacteria produce tracheal cytotoxin that kills ciliated cells - ANS-pertussis
Alexander Fleming - ANS-PCN
All of the following are antiprotozoan drugs EXCEPT __________. - ANS-mebendazole
anaerobes - ANS-Clindamycin
metronidazole
skin of an anaerobic gram pos rod treated with benzyl peroxide and retinoids -
ANS-propionbacterium acnes Antagonism, or ANS, occurs when one drug's effect is greater
than that of the other. pcn and tetra
Antibiosis - ANS-the process of a microbe producing an antibiotic in small amounts to inhibit
growth of other microbes in their vicinity
ANS-1, antibiotic resistance; porins, blocking entry 2. inactivation by enzyme : affects natural
pcn, hydrolyzed b lactamase enzyme, leukocidin destroys neutrophils
3. alteration of target molecule pbp cross linking of peptidycon
4. efflux of antibiotic pumps out
There will be more enzymes produced by bacteria. fungus will produce less sterols which drug
is effective against
antigenic variation - ANS-Alteration of surface antigens to avoid detection by host antibodies
, Examples: flu, gonorrhea, trypanosoma brucei gambiense
Antimicrobial drugs - ANS-interfere with the growth of microbes within a host
Antitoxin - ANS-antibodies against a specific toxin
athletes foot - ANS-cutaneous mycosis
augmentin - ANS-amoxicillin/clavulanate
Avoid being killed by hosts immune system - ANS-Viruses avoid the host's immune response
by growing inside host cells; some can remain latent in a host cell for prolonged periods. Some
protozoa avoid the immune response by mutations that change their antigens.
babesosis - ANS-ticks mice
Bacterial infections are easier to treat using chemotherapy than are other types of infections
caused by other types of microorganisms. Why? - ANS-bacteria are prokaryotic
Bacterial infections are easier to treat using chemotherapy than are other types of infections
caused by other types of microorganisms. Why? - ANS-ivermectin
Bacterial vaccines - ANS-Diphteria
meningitis
pertusis antigenic fragments hyumoral
pneumonia
tetanus toxin humoral
hib conjuated humoral
bacteriostatic - ANS-prevent microbes from growing
Biofilms - ANS-Hides antigens
prevents phagocytosis
eliminates phagocytes Blastomycosis - ANS-mississippi to great lakes
botulism - ANS-blocks release of neurotransmitter acetylcholine
type a 60-70 % ca wa co or nm
boy has fever rash headache sore throat and cough rash on trunk face and arms -
ANS-measles
Buruli Ulcer - ANS-Mycobacterium ulcerans
Cachectin - ANS-tumor necrosis factor
candida - ANS-ovoid eukaryotic cell
Capsules - resist phagocytosis - ANS-Strep. Pneumoniae, Hib, bacillus anthracis
Capsules play a role in the virulence of all of the following EXCEPT __________. -
ANS-mycobacacterium tb
cell wall components - ANS-M proteins: mediates attachment and resists phagocytosis (strep.
pyogenes)
Opa protein: assist attachment and recept mediated endocytosis, inhibs helper t cells (n.
gonorrhoeae)
Mycolic acid: Waxy, resists digestion (mycobacterium TB)
Chlamydia - ANS-intracellular reticulate bodies of this gram neg bacterium convert elementary
bodies that can infect a new host
Chloroquine-resistant malaria may be treated with __________. - ANS-mefloquine
Classification of exotoxins - ANS-1. Based on the attacked host cell (cardiotoxin) 2. Disease
they are associated with: tetanus
3. Bacterium that produces it: botulinum
