NR 511 FINAL EXAM 150 QUESTIONS & CORRECT
ANSWERS LATEST 2025
Patient presents with mid epigastric pain, LUQ radiating to back, mild to very
severe pain. Also has associated nausea and vomiting diaphoresis, pain is worse
with lying supine. Physical assessment shows diminished bowel sounds and
abdominal arteriogram. - ANSWER-mesenteric infarction
Patient presents with a colicky flank pain progressing to constant and severe
radiating to the groin in both lower quadrant, patient has associated nausea
vomiting fever chills and abdominal distention. Costovertebral angle tenderness
hematuria; do urinalysis IVP and US - ANSWER-Urinary stones/kidney stones
Patient presents with severe, parietal, diffuse pain; has associated guarding,
rebound tenderness, pain is relieved while lying still. Physical exam shows
decreased bowel sounds, guarding, rebound tenderness; get abdominal x-ray -
ANSWER-intestinal perforation
Patient presents with colicky right lower quadrant and left lower quadrant pain;
has associated nausea vomiting, Anorexia, obstipation; physical exam shows
hyperactive high-pitched bowel sounds are hypo active bowel sounds, get an
abdominal x-ray - ANSWER-intestinal obstruction
Patient presents with severe, visceral, diffuse pain. Has associated hypotension
tachycardia; pain is relieved by leaning forward. Physical exam shows abdominal
distention, diminished bowel sounds, diffuse rebound tenderness; will have
elevated amylase levels - ANSWER-Pancreatitis
,Patient will present with persistent right lower quadrant pain or left lower
quadrant pain. May have vaginal bleeding. Physical exam will show tender
adnexal mass and will have a positive hCG test. - ANSWER-ectopic pregnancy
Patient will present with ripping, tearing, intense pain in chest, abdomen, lower
back. Will have associated hypotension, feelings of doom, shock. Physical exam
will show shock, diminished femoral pulses; get x-ray and CT scan - ANSWER-
Dissection or Rupture of Aortic Aneurysm
Patient presents with annoying pain in epigastric region radiating to the back,
right shoulder, or side. Associated nausea, hunger; worse with empty stomach,
alcohol, NSAIDs, ASA; relieved with food and antacids. Will have epigastric
tenderness to palpation. Studies done is endoscopy and barium swallow -
ANSWER-Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD)
Patient will present with epigastric, retrosternal pain. This pain will be
intermittent. Patient may have sour taste, low-grade bleeding, hoarseness,
pharyngitis; worse with bending at the waist, NSAIDs, ASA, alcohol, caffeine,
recumbency; relieved with antacids. Test are barium swallow, upper G.I.,
esophageal endoscopy with biopsy - ANSWER-gastroesophageal reflux disease
(GERD)
Patient will present with epigastric pain that is constant. May have associated
nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fever, hemorrhage; worse with alcohol, NSAIDs,
aspirin; is rarely worse with food - ANSWER-gastritis
Patient will present with right lower quadrant and or left lower quadrant pain.
Pain will be worse around menstruation and when ascending stairs. There will be
cervical motion and adnexal tenderness - ANSWER-salpingitis
,Patient will present with left lower quadrant pain right lower quadrant pain the
pain will be intermittent and recurrent. Will have associated diarrhea, mucus in
store; worse with stress and eating; often relieved by defecation. There will be:
tender to palpation; small bowel follow through to rule out other causes -
ANSWER-irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
Patient will present with pain in the right lower quadrant and left lower quadrant;
may have diarrhea, weight loss, rectal bleeding, tenesmus, fever; worse with
stress. Physical exam will show tenderness in the right lower quadrant left lower
quadrant; order CBC with differential small bowel follow through (crohns) and a
colonoscopy (UC) - ANSWER-Inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn's disease,
ulcerative colitis)
This pain will be diffuse. May have associated nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fever,
chills; worse with food; relieved with vomiting or defecation. Physical exam will
show hyperactive bowel sounds; stool ova and parasites, stool culture - ANSWER-
gastroenteritis
Patient will present with left lower quadrant intermittent pain. May have
associated constipation, diarrhea, fever. Physical assessment Michelle left lower
quadrant mass, mild tenderness in the left iliac fossa; laparoscopy will diagnose;
other labs are normal - ANSWER-Diverticulitis
Patient will present with right upper quadrant pain radiating to the infrascapular
region, also mid at the gastric pain; starts as visceral progressing to parietal. May
have associated nausea, vomiting, jaundice, dark urine, light colored stools, fever,
chills; worse with high fat foods, estrogen containing medication, cholestyramine.
Order ultrasound, CBC with differential, liver function test, amylase - ANSWER-
Cholecystitis/Cholelithiasis
, Patient will present with epigastrium or Peri umbilical pain later may turn into
right lower quadrant pain. Pain starts as a cute visceral progressing to parietal.
May present with vomiting, fever, constipation; pain is worse with movement and
coughing, relieved by lying still. Physical exam will show right lower quadrant
guarding and rebound tenderness; order CBC with differential, ultrasound, CT -
ANSWER-Appendicitis
Generally results from a diet that is low in fiber, sedentary lifestyle, holding stool -
ANSWER-Functional constipation
Most often seen an older adults and is caused by slowed transit time - ANSWER-
disordered motility constipation
Often is a result of medication such as opioids, anal Jesus, calcium channel
blockers, antidepressants, anti-Parkinson drugs, cough medicine, aluminum
antacids - ANSWER-Secondary constipation
Patient should be instructed to slowly increase the amount of dietary fiber to 25
to 35 g per day at least 12 to 15 g at breakfast. Mild exercise in the morning is
often helpful. Uninterrupted toilet time in the morning is also helpful. Patient
needs to be instructed about adequate hydration and should be encouraged to
drink at least 64 ounces of fluid daily - ANSWER-What is the management of
simple constipation
Increase fluid intake with electrolytes, if afebrile then use loperamide or Imodium
or Pepto-Bismol empirical treatment with antibiotics is not recommended -
ANSWER-management of diarrhea
ANSWERS LATEST 2025
Patient presents with mid epigastric pain, LUQ radiating to back, mild to very
severe pain. Also has associated nausea and vomiting diaphoresis, pain is worse
with lying supine. Physical assessment shows diminished bowel sounds and
abdominal arteriogram. - ANSWER-mesenteric infarction
Patient presents with a colicky flank pain progressing to constant and severe
radiating to the groin in both lower quadrant, patient has associated nausea
vomiting fever chills and abdominal distention. Costovertebral angle tenderness
hematuria; do urinalysis IVP and US - ANSWER-Urinary stones/kidney stones
Patient presents with severe, parietal, diffuse pain; has associated guarding,
rebound tenderness, pain is relieved while lying still. Physical exam shows
decreased bowel sounds, guarding, rebound tenderness; get abdominal x-ray -
ANSWER-intestinal perforation
Patient presents with colicky right lower quadrant and left lower quadrant pain;
has associated nausea vomiting, Anorexia, obstipation; physical exam shows
hyperactive high-pitched bowel sounds are hypo active bowel sounds, get an
abdominal x-ray - ANSWER-intestinal obstruction
Patient presents with severe, visceral, diffuse pain. Has associated hypotension
tachycardia; pain is relieved by leaning forward. Physical exam shows abdominal
distention, diminished bowel sounds, diffuse rebound tenderness; will have
elevated amylase levels - ANSWER-Pancreatitis
,Patient will present with persistent right lower quadrant pain or left lower
quadrant pain. May have vaginal bleeding. Physical exam will show tender
adnexal mass and will have a positive hCG test. - ANSWER-ectopic pregnancy
Patient will present with ripping, tearing, intense pain in chest, abdomen, lower
back. Will have associated hypotension, feelings of doom, shock. Physical exam
will show shock, diminished femoral pulses; get x-ray and CT scan - ANSWER-
Dissection or Rupture of Aortic Aneurysm
Patient presents with annoying pain in epigastric region radiating to the back,
right shoulder, or side. Associated nausea, hunger; worse with empty stomach,
alcohol, NSAIDs, ASA; relieved with food and antacids. Will have epigastric
tenderness to palpation. Studies done is endoscopy and barium swallow -
ANSWER-Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD)
Patient will present with epigastric, retrosternal pain. This pain will be
intermittent. Patient may have sour taste, low-grade bleeding, hoarseness,
pharyngitis; worse with bending at the waist, NSAIDs, ASA, alcohol, caffeine,
recumbency; relieved with antacids. Test are barium swallow, upper G.I.,
esophageal endoscopy with biopsy - ANSWER-gastroesophageal reflux disease
(GERD)
Patient will present with epigastric pain that is constant. May have associated
nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fever, hemorrhage; worse with alcohol, NSAIDs,
aspirin; is rarely worse with food - ANSWER-gastritis
Patient will present with right lower quadrant and or left lower quadrant pain.
Pain will be worse around menstruation and when ascending stairs. There will be
cervical motion and adnexal tenderness - ANSWER-salpingitis
,Patient will present with left lower quadrant pain right lower quadrant pain the
pain will be intermittent and recurrent. Will have associated diarrhea, mucus in
store; worse with stress and eating; often relieved by defecation. There will be:
tender to palpation; small bowel follow through to rule out other causes -
ANSWER-irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
Patient will present with pain in the right lower quadrant and left lower quadrant;
may have diarrhea, weight loss, rectal bleeding, tenesmus, fever; worse with
stress. Physical exam will show tenderness in the right lower quadrant left lower
quadrant; order CBC with differential small bowel follow through (crohns) and a
colonoscopy (UC) - ANSWER-Inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn's disease,
ulcerative colitis)
This pain will be diffuse. May have associated nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fever,
chills; worse with food; relieved with vomiting or defecation. Physical exam will
show hyperactive bowel sounds; stool ova and parasites, stool culture - ANSWER-
gastroenteritis
Patient will present with left lower quadrant intermittent pain. May have
associated constipation, diarrhea, fever. Physical assessment Michelle left lower
quadrant mass, mild tenderness in the left iliac fossa; laparoscopy will diagnose;
other labs are normal - ANSWER-Diverticulitis
Patient will present with right upper quadrant pain radiating to the infrascapular
region, also mid at the gastric pain; starts as visceral progressing to parietal. May
have associated nausea, vomiting, jaundice, dark urine, light colored stools, fever,
chills; worse with high fat foods, estrogen containing medication, cholestyramine.
Order ultrasound, CBC with differential, liver function test, amylase - ANSWER-
Cholecystitis/Cholelithiasis
, Patient will present with epigastrium or Peri umbilical pain later may turn into
right lower quadrant pain. Pain starts as a cute visceral progressing to parietal.
May present with vomiting, fever, constipation; pain is worse with movement and
coughing, relieved by lying still. Physical exam will show right lower quadrant
guarding and rebound tenderness; order CBC with differential, ultrasound, CT -
ANSWER-Appendicitis
Generally results from a diet that is low in fiber, sedentary lifestyle, holding stool -
ANSWER-Functional constipation
Most often seen an older adults and is caused by slowed transit time - ANSWER-
disordered motility constipation
Often is a result of medication such as opioids, anal Jesus, calcium channel
blockers, antidepressants, anti-Parkinson drugs, cough medicine, aluminum
antacids - ANSWER-Secondary constipation
Patient should be instructed to slowly increase the amount of dietary fiber to 25
to 35 g per day at least 12 to 15 g at breakfast. Mild exercise in the morning is
often helpful. Uninterrupted toilet time in the morning is also helpful. Patient
needs to be instructed about adequate hydration and should be encouraged to
drink at least 64 ounces of fluid daily - ANSWER-What is the management of
simple constipation
Increase fluid intake with electrolytes, if afebrile then use loperamide or Imodium
or Pepto-Bismol empirical treatment with antibiotics is not recommended -
ANSWER-management of diarrhea
