NURS 2750 Exam 1 with correct answers
Define |the |concept |of |nutrition |and |examine |the |relationship |between |it |and |other |concepts/systems
|- |answersNutrition |drives |all |body |systems |because |it |provides |the |body |with |energy, |protection, |and
|nutrients |necessary |to |function |in |daily |living
Chronic |diseases |that |are |linked |to |a |poor |quality |diet |- |answersDiabetes |Mellitus, |Congestive |Heart |
Failure, |Hypertension
What |is |a |common |nutritional |assessment |procedure |across |the |lifespan? |- |answersMini |Nutritional |
Assessment
Nutritional |screening |- |answersQuick |look |at |a |few |variables |to |assess |risk
Nutritional |assessment |- |answersIn-depth |examination. |Nutritional |Care |Process: |4 |steps
Discuss |the |validity |and |reliability |of |using |physical |signs |to |support |a |nutritional |diagnosis |of |
malnutrition |- |answersPhysical |findings |are |subjective |and |non-specific, |therefore |not |diagnostic. |
However, |can |be |indicators |that |someone |may |be |suffering |form |malnutrition.
What |are |nursing |diagnoses |that |may |use |nutrition |therapy |as |intervention? |- |answersMalnutrition, |
Intake |exceeds |needs, |Less |than |body |requires, |infection
What |are |nutrition |care |responsibilities |of |the |Registered |Nurse? |- |answersCalculating |calorie |
requirements, |client |and |family |teaching, |and |encouraging |intake |in |hospitalized |patients
What |are |the |type(s) |of |carbohydrates |found |in |various |foods? |- |answersSimple |sugars: |
Monosaccharides |(glucose, |fructose, |galactose); |Disaccharides |(sucrose, |maltose, |lactose; |
Polysaccharides |(starch, |glycogen, |fiber)
What |are |the |functions |of |carbohydrates? |- |answersProvide |the |majority |of |calories |in |all |human |
diets; |supply |energy; |assists |in |digestion/metabolism; |prevents |ketosis; |glucose |for |energy
Glycogen |- |answersAn |extensively |branched |glucose |storage |polysaccharide |found |in |the |liver |and |
muscle |of |animals; |the |animal |equivalent |of |starch.
How |do |you |modify |a |menu |to |ensure |that |the |adequate |intake |for |fiber |is |provided? |- |
answersIncrease |amounts |of |whole |grains, |eat |fresh |fruit |with |the |skin
What |are |ways |to |limit |sugar |intake? |- |answersConsider |sugar |alternatives |(stevia)
What |are |benefits |of |using |sugar |alternatives? |- |answersIt |decreases |the |amount |of |added |sugar |in |
the |diet.
What |are |disadvantages |of |using |sugar |alternatives? |- |answersSome |sugar |alternatives |can |be |harmful
|when |consumed |in |high |doses
, What |are |the |functions |of |protein? |- |answersBody |structure |and |framework; |enzymes; |fluid |balance; |
acid-base |balance; |transport |molecules
What |are |complete |proteins? |- |answersProvide |all |9 |essential |amino |acids; |All |animal |sources |of |
protein |(meat, |fish, |milk, |cheese) |& |soy
What |are |incomplete |proteins? |- |answersDo |not |contain |all |(or |enough) |of |the |essential |amino |acids; |
Gelatin; |All |plant |proteins |(except |soy); |May |be |complementary |if |two |together |have |different |limiting
|amino |acids
What |is |protein |"sparing"? |- |answersthe |action |of |carbohydrate |(and |fat) |in |providing |energy |that |
allows |protein |to |be |used |for |other |purposes.
What |is |an |individual's |protein |requirement? |- |answers10-35% |of |total |calories
What |are |conditions |that |would |increase |a |person's |protein |requirement? |- |answersPregnancy, |during
|childhood, |when |the |body |needs |to |heal; |dialysis
What |is |nitrogen |balance? |How |is |it |determined? |- |answersNitrogen |balance |is |a |measure |of |nitrogen
|input |minus |nitrogen |output. |Nitrogen |Balance |= |Nitrogen |intake |- |Nitrogen |loss. |Sources |of |nitrogen |
intake |include |meat, |dairy, |eggs, |nuts |and |legumes, |and |grains |and |cereals. |Determine |nitrogen |lost |
in |urine |by |a |24 |hour |urinary |urea |nitrogen |test.
Compare |saturated, |monounsaturated, |and |polyunsaturated |fatty |acids |- |answersSaturated: |straight-
line |molecule. |Saturated |with |hydrogen |molecules. |Solid |at |room |temperature
Monounsaturated: |1 |double |bond |formed
Polyunsaturated: |More |than |1 |double |bond |formed. |Does |not |have |all |the |hydrogen |molecules |it |can |
hold; |unable |to |back |together; |liquids |at |room |temperature
What |are |ways |to |improve |the |type |of |fat |present |in |a |sample |meal |plan? |- |answersEnsure |that |you |
are |adding |unsaturated |fats, |and |keeping |saturated |fats |to |a |minimum.
What |are |functions |of |fat |in |the |body? |- |answersFuels |the |body |(except |brain); |Insulates |and |cushions
|internal |organs; |deposits |under |skin |to |help |regulate |temperature; |facilitates |absorption |of |fat-
soluble |vitamins
What |kind |of |foods |provide |omega-3 |fatty |acids? |- |answersSalmon |& |trout
How |many |calories |is |each |gram |of |fat? |- |answers9 |calories
Why |is |there |no |Recommended |Dietary |Allowance |for |total |fat, |trans |fat, |and |saturated |fat? |- |
answersEveryone |has |different |requirements |of |fat.
Compare |and |contrast |fat- |and |water-soluble |vitamins? |- |answersWater-soluble |vitamins, |which |
include |all |of |the |B |vitamins, |are |easily |absorbed |into |the |body. |Fat-soluble |vitamins |are |absorbed |in |
the |small |intestines.
When |might |vitamin |supplementation |be |necessary? |- |answersDuring |times |of |illness, |to |build |
muscle, |when |there |are |extreme |deficiencies
Define |the |concept |of |nutrition |and |examine |the |relationship |between |it |and |other |concepts/systems
|- |answersNutrition |drives |all |body |systems |because |it |provides |the |body |with |energy, |protection, |and
|nutrients |necessary |to |function |in |daily |living
Chronic |diseases |that |are |linked |to |a |poor |quality |diet |- |answersDiabetes |Mellitus, |Congestive |Heart |
Failure, |Hypertension
What |is |a |common |nutritional |assessment |procedure |across |the |lifespan? |- |answersMini |Nutritional |
Assessment
Nutritional |screening |- |answersQuick |look |at |a |few |variables |to |assess |risk
Nutritional |assessment |- |answersIn-depth |examination. |Nutritional |Care |Process: |4 |steps
Discuss |the |validity |and |reliability |of |using |physical |signs |to |support |a |nutritional |diagnosis |of |
malnutrition |- |answersPhysical |findings |are |subjective |and |non-specific, |therefore |not |diagnostic. |
However, |can |be |indicators |that |someone |may |be |suffering |form |malnutrition.
What |are |nursing |diagnoses |that |may |use |nutrition |therapy |as |intervention? |- |answersMalnutrition, |
Intake |exceeds |needs, |Less |than |body |requires, |infection
What |are |nutrition |care |responsibilities |of |the |Registered |Nurse? |- |answersCalculating |calorie |
requirements, |client |and |family |teaching, |and |encouraging |intake |in |hospitalized |patients
What |are |the |type(s) |of |carbohydrates |found |in |various |foods? |- |answersSimple |sugars: |
Monosaccharides |(glucose, |fructose, |galactose); |Disaccharides |(sucrose, |maltose, |lactose; |
Polysaccharides |(starch, |glycogen, |fiber)
What |are |the |functions |of |carbohydrates? |- |answersProvide |the |majority |of |calories |in |all |human |
diets; |supply |energy; |assists |in |digestion/metabolism; |prevents |ketosis; |glucose |for |energy
Glycogen |- |answersAn |extensively |branched |glucose |storage |polysaccharide |found |in |the |liver |and |
muscle |of |animals; |the |animal |equivalent |of |starch.
How |do |you |modify |a |menu |to |ensure |that |the |adequate |intake |for |fiber |is |provided? |- |
answersIncrease |amounts |of |whole |grains, |eat |fresh |fruit |with |the |skin
What |are |ways |to |limit |sugar |intake? |- |answersConsider |sugar |alternatives |(stevia)
What |are |benefits |of |using |sugar |alternatives? |- |answersIt |decreases |the |amount |of |added |sugar |in |
the |diet.
What |are |disadvantages |of |using |sugar |alternatives? |- |answersSome |sugar |alternatives |can |be |harmful
|when |consumed |in |high |doses
, What |are |the |functions |of |protein? |- |answersBody |structure |and |framework; |enzymes; |fluid |balance; |
acid-base |balance; |transport |molecules
What |are |complete |proteins? |- |answersProvide |all |9 |essential |amino |acids; |All |animal |sources |of |
protein |(meat, |fish, |milk, |cheese) |& |soy
What |are |incomplete |proteins? |- |answersDo |not |contain |all |(or |enough) |of |the |essential |amino |acids; |
Gelatin; |All |plant |proteins |(except |soy); |May |be |complementary |if |two |together |have |different |limiting
|amino |acids
What |is |protein |"sparing"? |- |answersthe |action |of |carbohydrate |(and |fat) |in |providing |energy |that |
allows |protein |to |be |used |for |other |purposes.
What |is |an |individual's |protein |requirement? |- |answers10-35% |of |total |calories
What |are |conditions |that |would |increase |a |person's |protein |requirement? |- |answersPregnancy, |during
|childhood, |when |the |body |needs |to |heal; |dialysis
What |is |nitrogen |balance? |How |is |it |determined? |- |answersNitrogen |balance |is |a |measure |of |nitrogen
|input |minus |nitrogen |output. |Nitrogen |Balance |= |Nitrogen |intake |- |Nitrogen |loss. |Sources |of |nitrogen |
intake |include |meat, |dairy, |eggs, |nuts |and |legumes, |and |grains |and |cereals. |Determine |nitrogen |lost |
in |urine |by |a |24 |hour |urinary |urea |nitrogen |test.
Compare |saturated, |monounsaturated, |and |polyunsaturated |fatty |acids |- |answersSaturated: |straight-
line |molecule. |Saturated |with |hydrogen |molecules. |Solid |at |room |temperature
Monounsaturated: |1 |double |bond |formed
Polyunsaturated: |More |than |1 |double |bond |formed. |Does |not |have |all |the |hydrogen |molecules |it |can |
hold; |unable |to |back |together; |liquids |at |room |temperature
What |are |ways |to |improve |the |type |of |fat |present |in |a |sample |meal |plan? |- |answersEnsure |that |you |
are |adding |unsaturated |fats, |and |keeping |saturated |fats |to |a |minimum.
What |are |functions |of |fat |in |the |body? |- |answersFuels |the |body |(except |brain); |Insulates |and |cushions
|internal |organs; |deposits |under |skin |to |help |regulate |temperature; |facilitates |absorption |of |fat-
soluble |vitamins
What |kind |of |foods |provide |omega-3 |fatty |acids? |- |answersSalmon |& |trout
How |many |calories |is |each |gram |of |fat? |- |answers9 |calories
Why |is |there |no |Recommended |Dietary |Allowance |for |total |fat, |trans |fat, |and |saturated |fat? |- |
answersEveryone |has |different |requirements |of |fat.
Compare |and |contrast |fat- |and |water-soluble |vitamins? |- |answersWater-soluble |vitamins, |which |
include |all |of |the |B |vitamins, |are |easily |absorbed |into |the |body. |Fat-soluble |vitamins |are |absorbed |in |
the |small |intestines.
When |might |vitamin |supplementation |be |necessary? |- |answersDuring |times |of |illness, |to |build |
muscle, |when |there |are |extreme |deficiencies
