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ATI PN PHARMACOLOGY
PROCTORED EXAM
LATEST VERSION WITH ACTUAL
EXAM TIPS
• A community health nurse visits a client at home. Prednisone 10 mg orally daily
has been prescribed f or the clientcand the nurse reinforces teaching for the client
about the medication. Which statement, if made by the client, indicates that
further teaching is necessary?
1. "I can take aspirin or my antihistamine if I need it."
2. "I need toctake the medication every day at the same time."
3. "I need to avoid coffee, tea, cola, and chocolate in my diet."
4. "If I gain more than 5 poundsca week, I will call my doctor." - correctcanswer -
1. "I can take aspirin or my antihistamine
if I need it." Rationale:
Aspirin and other over-the-
counter medications should not be taken unless the client consults with the health
care provider (HCP). T he client needs to take the medication at the same time
every day and should be instructed not to stop th e medication. A slight weight
gain as a resultcof an improved appetite is expected, but after the dosage is
stabilized, a weight gain of 5 lb or more weekly should be reported to the HCP.
Caffeine-
containing foods and fluidscneed to be avoided because they may
contribute to steroid- ulcer development.
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• Desmopressin acetate (DDAVP) is prescribed for the treatment of diabetes
insipidus. The nurse monitors the client after medication administration for
which therapeutic response?
1. Decreased urinary output
2. Decreased blood pressure
3. Decreased peripheral edema
4. Decreased blood glucose level - correct answer -
1. Decreased urinary output Rationale:
Desmopressin promotes renal conservation of water. The hormone carries out
this action by acting on th e collectingcducts of the kidney to increase their
permeability to water, which results in increased water r eabsorption. The
therapeutic effect of this medication would be manifested by a decreased urine
output. Options 2, 3, and 4 are unrelated to the effects of this medication.
• The home health care nurse iscvisiting a client who was recently diagnosed
with type 2 diabetes mell itus. The client is prescribed repaglinide (Prandin) and
metformin (Glucophage) and asks the nurse to ex plain these medications. The
nurse should reinforce which instructions to the client? Selectcall that apply.
1. Diarrhea can occur secondary to the metformin.
2. The repaglinide is not taken if a meal is skipped.
3. The repaglinide is taken 30 minutes beforeceating.
4. Candy or another simple sugar is carried and used to treat mild hypoglycemia
episodes.
5. Metformin increaseschepaticcglucose production to prevent
hypoglycemia associated with repaglinide.
6. Muscle pain is an expected side effect of metformin and may be treated
with acetaminophen ( Tylenol). - correct answer -1. Diarrhea can occur
secondary to the metformin.
2. The repaglinide is not taken if a meal is skipped.
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3. The repaglinide is taken 30 minutes beforeceating.
4. Candy or another simple sugar is carried and used to treat mild
hypoglycemia episodes. Rationale:
Repaglinide is a rapid-
acting oral hypoglycemic agent that stimulates pancreatic insulin secretion that
should be taken before meals, and that should be withheld if the client does
notceat. Hypoglycemia is a side effectcof repaglinide an d the client should always
be prepared by carrying a simplecsugar with her or him at all times. Metformin i s
an oral hypoglycemic given in combination with repaglinide and works by
decreasing hepatic glucose pr oduction. A common side effect of metformin is
diarrhea. Muscle pain may
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occur as an adverse effectcfrom metformin butcit mightcsignify a more serious
condition that warrants hea lth care provider notification, not the use of
acetaminophen.
• A client with Crohn's disease iscscheduled to receive an infusion of infliximab
(Remicade). The nurse a ssisting in caringcfor the client should take which action
to monitor the effectiveness of treatment?
1. Monitoring the leukocyte count for 2 days after the infusion
2. Checking the frequency and consistency of bowel movements
3. Checking serum liver enzyme levels before and after the infusion
4. Carrying out a Hematest on gastriccfluids after the infusion is completed -ccorrect
answer -
2. Checking the frequency and consistency of
bowel movements Rationale:
The principal manifestations of Crohn's disease are diarrhea and abdominal pain.
Infliximab (Remicade) i s an immunomodulator that reduces the degree of
inflammation in the colon, thereby reducingcthe diarr hea. Options 1, 3, and 4
are unrelated to this medication.
• The client has a PRN prescription for loperamide hydrochloride (Imodium).
The nurse understandsct hat this medication is used for which condition?
1. Constipation
2. Abdominal pain
3. An episode of diarrhea
4. Hematest-positive nasogastric tube drainage - correct answer -
3. An episodecof diarrhea Rationale:
Loperamide is an antidiarrheal agent. It is used to manage acute and also chronic
diarrhea in conditions s uch as inflammatory bowel disease. Loperamide also can
be used to reduce the volume of drainage from an ileostomy. It is not used for
ATI PN PHARMACOLOGY
PROCTORED EXAM
LATEST VERSION WITH ACTUAL
EXAM TIPS
• A community health nurse visits a client at home. Prednisone 10 mg orally daily
has been prescribed f or the clientcand the nurse reinforces teaching for the client
about the medication. Which statement, if made by the client, indicates that
further teaching is necessary?
1. "I can take aspirin or my antihistamine if I need it."
2. "I need toctake the medication every day at the same time."
3. "I need to avoid coffee, tea, cola, and chocolate in my diet."
4. "If I gain more than 5 poundsca week, I will call my doctor." - correctcanswer -
1. "I can take aspirin or my antihistamine
if I need it." Rationale:
Aspirin and other over-the-
counter medications should not be taken unless the client consults with the health
care provider (HCP). T he client needs to take the medication at the same time
every day and should be instructed not to stop th e medication. A slight weight
gain as a resultcof an improved appetite is expected, but after the dosage is
stabilized, a weight gain of 5 lb or more weekly should be reported to the HCP.
Caffeine-
containing foods and fluidscneed to be avoided because they may
contribute to steroid- ulcer development.
,2|Page
• Desmopressin acetate (DDAVP) is prescribed for the treatment of diabetes
insipidus. The nurse monitors the client after medication administration for
which therapeutic response?
1. Decreased urinary output
2. Decreased blood pressure
3. Decreased peripheral edema
4. Decreased blood glucose level - correct answer -
1. Decreased urinary output Rationale:
Desmopressin promotes renal conservation of water. The hormone carries out
this action by acting on th e collectingcducts of the kidney to increase their
permeability to water, which results in increased water r eabsorption. The
therapeutic effect of this medication would be manifested by a decreased urine
output. Options 2, 3, and 4 are unrelated to the effects of this medication.
• The home health care nurse iscvisiting a client who was recently diagnosed
with type 2 diabetes mell itus. The client is prescribed repaglinide (Prandin) and
metformin (Glucophage) and asks the nurse to ex plain these medications. The
nurse should reinforce which instructions to the client? Selectcall that apply.
1. Diarrhea can occur secondary to the metformin.
2. The repaglinide is not taken if a meal is skipped.
3. The repaglinide is taken 30 minutes beforeceating.
4. Candy or another simple sugar is carried and used to treat mild hypoglycemia
episodes.
5. Metformin increaseschepaticcglucose production to prevent
hypoglycemia associated with repaglinide.
6. Muscle pain is an expected side effect of metformin and may be treated
with acetaminophen ( Tylenol). - correct answer -1. Diarrhea can occur
secondary to the metformin.
2. The repaglinide is not taken if a meal is skipped.
,3|Page
3. The repaglinide is taken 30 minutes beforeceating.
4. Candy or another simple sugar is carried and used to treat mild
hypoglycemia episodes. Rationale:
Repaglinide is a rapid-
acting oral hypoglycemic agent that stimulates pancreatic insulin secretion that
should be taken before meals, and that should be withheld if the client does
notceat. Hypoglycemia is a side effectcof repaglinide an d the client should always
be prepared by carrying a simplecsugar with her or him at all times. Metformin i s
an oral hypoglycemic given in combination with repaglinide and works by
decreasing hepatic glucose pr oduction. A common side effect of metformin is
diarrhea. Muscle pain may
, 4|Page
occur as an adverse effectcfrom metformin butcit mightcsignify a more serious
condition that warrants hea lth care provider notification, not the use of
acetaminophen.
• A client with Crohn's disease iscscheduled to receive an infusion of infliximab
(Remicade). The nurse a ssisting in caringcfor the client should take which action
to monitor the effectiveness of treatment?
1. Monitoring the leukocyte count for 2 days after the infusion
2. Checking the frequency and consistency of bowel movements
3. Checking serum liver enzyme levels before and after the infusion
4. Carrying out a Hematest on gastriccfluids after the infusion is completed -ccorrect
answer -
2. Checking the frequency and consistency of
bowel movements Rationale:
The principal manifestations of Crohn's disease are diarrhea and abdominal pain.
Infliximab (Remicade) i s an immunomodulator that reduces the degree of
inflammation in the colon, thereby reducingcthe diarr hea. Options 1, 3, and 4
are unrelated to this medication.
• The client has a PRN prescription for loperamide hydrochloride (Imodium).
The nurse understandsct hat this medication is used for which condition?
1. Constipation
2. Abdominal pain
3. An episode of diarrhea
4. Hematest-positive nasogastric tube drainage - correct answer -
3. An episodecof diarrhea Rationale:
Loperamide is an antidiarrheal agent. It is used to manage acute and also chronic
diarrhea in conditions s uch as inflammatory bowel disease. Loperamide also can
be used to reduce the volume of drainage from an ileostomy. It is not used for
