Botany Midterm 1 questions with verified
answers
Acid Ans✓✓✓-chemicals that release hydrogen ions (H+) when
dissolved in water
-less than 7
-things that taste sour
Adaptation Ans✓✓✓The acquisition of modifications in an organism
that enable it to adjust to life in a new environment
Adventitious Root Ans✓✓✓-originate from locations other than the
pericycle in the interior of other roots
-They may develop from stems or even leaves
-The prop roots that arise from the base of a corn stalk are adventitious
roots, as are the roots growing from the stems of your Coleus cutting
Aerial Root Ans✓✓✓Orchids • Screw-pines • Banyan Tree
Amino Acid Ans✓✓✓-20 different kinds in all proteins
-one of the organic nitrogen-containing units from which proteins are
synthesized
Anaphase Ans✓✓✓-action phase of mitosis
-centromeres of chromosomes divide & sister chromatids become
separate chromosomes
,Androecium Ans✓✓✓-comprises all the stamens of a flower
-male part of a flower
Angiosperm Ans✓✓✓a plant whose seeds develop within ovaries that
mature into fruits
Animal Pollination Ans✓✓✓
Annual Ring Ans✓✓✓The vascular cambium produces more secondary
xylem than phloem, thus the bulk of a tree trunk consists of annual rings
of wood
Anther Ans✓✓✓-usually is formed by two pollen sacs
- Meiosis takes place within anthers and pollen grains are produced there
-At maturity the anther splits open, releasing the pollen
Apical Bud (Terminal Bud) Ans✓✓✓bud located at the top of the plant
Apical Meristem Ans✓✓✓-found at the tips of roots and shoots (leafy
stems)
-responsible for primary growth
-located beneath a thimble-shaped mass of parenchyma cells called the
root cap
,Assimilation Ans✓✓✓conversion of raw materials into cytoplasm and
other cell substances
Axillary Bud (Lateral Bud) Ans✓✓✓attached to the stem in the axil of
each leaf
Axillary Bud Primordium Ans✓✓✓immature axillary buds
Bark Ans✓✓✓-comprises all the tissues from the vascular cambium to
the outermost cell layers
-Mature bark may contain alternating layers of crushed phloem and cork
Base Ans✓✓✓-a.k.a. alkaline compounds
-compounds that release negatively charged hydroxyl ions (OH-) when
dissolved in water
-higher than 7
-usually feel slippery or soapy
Bilateral Symmetry Ans✓✓✓-The petals of a flower with bilateral
symmetry are not all equal in size or distribution around the floral axis
-Only a line drawn vertically through a bilaterally symmetrical flower
can divide the flower into mirror images
-This one line of symmetry divides the flower into a left and a right side
, Botany/Plant biology Ans✓✓✓-study of plants
-3 Greek words: botanikos (botanical), botane (plant or herb), & boskein
(to feed)
Bract Ans✓✓✓a structure that is usually leaflike and modified in size,
shape, or color
Branch Roots (Lateral Roots) Ans✓✓✓-extend horizontally from the
primary root (radicle) and serve to anchor the plant securely into the soil
-This branching of roots also contributes to water uptake, and facilitates
the extraction of nutrients required for the growth and development of
the plant
Bud Scale Ans✓✓✓-Tender immature leaves and the twig's apical
meristem are covered by protective bud scales
-fall off soon after the bud breaks dormancy, leaving scars on the twig
Bud Scale Scar Ans✓✓✓scars are formed from the bud scales which
cover the terminal buds during the winter season. Later these scales shed
leaving behind the scars
Bulb Ans✓✓✓large buds surrounded by numerous fleshy leaves, with a
small stem at the lower end
Buttress Roots Ans✓✓✓-provide stability to tall trees in the shallow
soils of tropical rain forests
answers
Acid Ans✓✓✓-chemicals that release hydrogen ions (H+) when
dissolved in water
-less than 7
-things that taste sour
Adaptation Ans✓✓✓The acquisition of modifications in an organism
that enable it to adjust to life in a new environment
Adventitious Root Ans✓✓✓-originate from locations other than the
pericycle in the interior of other roots
-They may develop from stems or even leaves
-The prop roots that arise from the base of a corn stalk are adventitious
roots, as are the roots growing from the stems of your Coleus cutting
Aerial Root Ans✓✓✓Orchids • Screw-pines • Banyan Tree
Amino Acid Ans✓✓✓-20 different kinds in all proteins
-one of the organic nitrogen-containing units from which proteins are
synthesized
Anaphase Ans✓✓✓-action phase of mitosis
-centromeres of chromosomes divide & sister chromatids become
separate chromosomes
,Androecium Ans✓✓✓-comprises all the stamens of a flower
-male part of a flower
Angiosperm Ans✓✓✓a plant whose seeds develop within ovaries that
mature into fruits
Animal Pollination Ans✓✓✓
Annual Ring Ans✓✓✓The vascular cambium produces more secondary
xylem than phloem, thus the bulk of a tree trunk consists of annual rings
of wood
Anther Ans✓✓✓-usually is formed by two pollen sacs
- Meiosis takes place within anthers and pollen grains are produced there
-At maturity the anther splits open, releasing the pollen
Apical Bud (Terminal Bud) Ans✓✓✓bud located at the top of the plant
Apical Meristem Ans✓✓✓-found at the tips of roots and shoots (leafy
stems)
-responsible for primary growth
-located beneath a thimble-shaped mass of parenchyma cells called the
root cap
,Assimilation Ans✓✓✓conversion of raw materials into cytoplasm and
other cell substances
Axillary Bud (Lateral Bud) Ans✓✓✓attached to the stem in the axil of
each leaf
Axillary Bud Primordium Ans✓✓✓immature axillary buds
Bark Ans✓✓✓-comprises all the tissues from the vascular cambium to
the outermost cell layers
-Mature bark may contain alternating layers of crushed phloem and cork
Base Ans✓✓✓-a.k.a. alkaline compounds
-compounds that release negatively charged hydroxyl ions (OH-) when
dissolved in water
-higher than 7
-usually feel slippery or soapy
Bilateral Symmetry Ans✓✓✓-The petals of a flower with bilateral
symmetry are not all equal in size or distribution around the floral axis
-Only a line drawn vertically through a bilaterally symmetrical flower
can divide the flower into mirror images
-This one line of symmetry divides the flower into a left and a right side
, Botany/Plant biology Ans✓✓✓-study of plants
-3 Greek words: botanikos (botanical), botane (plant or herb), & boskein
(to feed)
Bract Ans✓✓✓a structure that is usually leaflike and modified in size,
shape, or color
Branch Roots (Lateral Roots) Ans✓✓✓-extend horizontally from the
primary root (radicle) and serve to anchor the plant securely into the soil
-This branching of roots also contributes to water uptake, and facilitates
the extraction of nutrients required for the growth and development of
the plant
Bud Scale Ans✓✓✓-Tender immature leaves and the twig's apical
meristem are covered by protective bud scales
-fall off soon after the bud breaks dormancy, leaving scars on the twig
Bud Scale Scar Ans✓✓✓scars are formed from the bud scales which
cover the terminal buds during the winter season. Later these scales shed
leaving behind the scars
Bulb Ans✓✓✓large buds surrounded by numerous fleshy leaves, with a
small stem at the lower end
Buttress Roots Ans✓✓✓-provide stability to tall trees in the shallow
soils of tropical rain forests
