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symplesiomorphies of chordates - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔1)pharyngeal gill slits
2)dorsal, hollow nerve cord
synapamorphies of chordates - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔1) post anal tail
2)notochord
***at some point during development
synapamorphies of chordates excluding tunicates (starting at amphioxus) - 🧠
ANSWER ✔✔1)hepatic caecum
2)myomeres
synapamorphies of chordates starting at hagfish - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔cranium
lampreys - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔agnaths
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, -jawless
-lack cranium
2
-lack paired appendages
Synapamorphies of vertebrates - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔1)head
2)trunk
3)tail
jaws - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔arose at gnathostomes (fish)
paired appendages - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔arose at gnathostomes (fish)
basic anatomical plans
-skeleton
-musculature
-viscera (kidney&tubes, digestive tract, esophageal evaginations, cloaca, coelomic
division, etc.) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔arose at gnathostomes (fish)
heart and aortic arches - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔arose at gnathostomes (fish)
5 part brain (linear) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔arose at gnathostomes (fish)
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COPYRIGHT©PROFFKERRYMARTIN 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE.
PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED