PAEA EOC 2025, PAEA SUMMATIVE PRACTICE, PHYSICIAN ASSISTANT EXA
EOC QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hg52j5
1. what exactly causes the occlusive aka Buerger's disease
vascular disease of thromboangi-
itis obliterans? inflammatory thrombi affecting the medium and small
vessels (nonatherosclerosis)
polymorphonuclear leukocytes, microabscesses, and
multinucleated giant cells may be presen
2. Treatment options for throm- smoking cessation most important!
boangiitis obliterans? cilostazol (PDE 3 inhibitor) has vasodilator properties (al-
leviated symptoms)
if raynauds also present, CCB (nifedipine)
3. what heart failure treatment pro- ACE inhibitors
vides a benefit of reduction in beta blockers can also reduce M&M
morbidity and mortality?
diuretics have no reduction in mortality
4. how would you manage a patient benzodiazepine early
with a MI in the setting of cocaine no beta blockers
use?
5. If PCI cannot be done for a STEMI fibrolytic therapy
patient within 120 minutes, what
should be done? then do PCI & coronary angiography when it can be done
ideally PCI is done within 90 minutes
fibrolytic therapy can be used up to 12 hours of symptoms
6. If you suspect an acute limb is- catheter-based arteriography (digital subtraction arteri-
chemia due to arterial embolism, ography) provides the most useful information. can also
what imaging should you get? help with treatment
, PAEA EOC 2025, PAEA SUMMATIVE PRACTICE, PHYSICIAN ASSISTANT EXA
EOC QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hg52j5
can help distinguish between thrombosis and embolus
7. where are arterial emboli often lower extremities more common than upper extremities
found?
The common femoral, common iliac, and popliteal artery
bifurcations are frequent locations
majority originate in the heart
fun fact: Compared with thromboemboli, atheroemboli
are less likely to produce symptoms of acute limb is-
chemia
8. how would you work up a patient 24-hour ambulatory monitoring (to ensure not white
with treatment resistant hyper- coat)
tension that you suspect a sec- medical hx (assess adherence to meds, other meds)
ondary cause? physical exam (look for abominal/renal bruits)
labs (electrolytes, glucose, creatinine, UA)
If pheo suspected: measure fractionated metanephrines
and catecholamines in a 24-hour urine collection
9. other than atherosclerosis lead- fibromuscular dysplasia (usually in a young pt)
ing to renal artery stenosis and
secondary HTN, what is another
causes of a renal-associated sec-
ondary HTN?
10. most important modifable risk smoking cessation!
factor for AAA?
11.
, PAEA EOC 2025, PAEA SUMMATIVE PRACTICE, PHYSICIAN ASSISTANT EXA
EOC QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hg52j5
when is it okay to do screening if AAA is <5.5 cm then annual screening with US is recom-
survelliance for AAA rather than mended. may need every 6 months if rapidly expanding
repair and how often should you or other concerns
screen?
12. how should you educate a patient Patients should be counseled that moderate physical ac-
with AAA on exercise? tivity such as running, biking, swimming, hiking, or sex-
ual activity and activities such as gardening, golfing, and
horseback riding do not precipitate AAA rupture
Moderate physical therapy may also limit aneurysm ex-
pansion. In experimental aneurysms, increased aortic
blood flow appears to inhibit AAA expansion
However, heavy lifting, especially while holding the
breath, and other activities that lead to Valsalva transiently
induce significant increases in blood pressure and should
be avoided
13. gold standard for dx renal artery renal arteriography
stenosis? what can be used to
monitor disease progression? But really a spiral CT angiography is very useful and prob-
ably more likely done first
duplex doppler US can be used to monitor disease pro-
gression
14. what are some symptoms of mi- various nonspecific symptoms such as palpitations, dysp-
tral valve prolapse syndrome? nea, exercise intolerance, anxiety disorders, and dizziness
15. since symptoms are relatively un- non-ejection click in systole
common, what physical exam
click is mobile, meaning its timing varies with maneuvers
, PAEA EOC 2025, PAEA SUMMATIVE PRACTICE, PHYSICIAN ASSISTANT EXA
EOC QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hg52j5
findings are associated with mi- that change the left ventricular volume, occurring earlier
tral valve prolapse? in systole with sitting, standing, or other interventions
that reduce ventricular size, or later with those interven-
tions that increase chamber size such as squatting
People with MVP tend to have lower BMIs
16. how would you distinguish va- quality of the CP is typically indistinguishable of the two
sospastic angina and angina as-
sociated with CAD? patients with vasospastic angina report that their
episodes are predominantly at rest and that many occur
from midnight to early morning, while effort tolerance is
usually preserved. CP generally lasts 5 to 15 minutes
Patients with vasospastic angina are often younger and
exhibit fewer classic cardiovascular risk factors and may
be associated with other vasospastic disorders, such as
Raynaud's phenomenon and migraine headache
Exercise does not usually provoke an episode of spasm
ECG may reveal transient ST-segment elevation or de-
pression in multiple lead but troponins will not be ele-
vated
17. where do karposi sarcoma le- often on distal extremities, such as lower legs and feet
sions typically occur? describe
their appearance. purplish, reddish blue, or dark brown/black macules,
plaques, and nodules on the skin. Nodular lesions may
ulcerate and bleed easily
common in poorly controlled HIV
EOC QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hg52j5
1. what exactly causes the occlusive aka Buerger's disease
vascular disease of thromboangi-
itis obliterans? inflammatory thrombi affecting the medium and small
vessels (nonatherosclerosis)
polymorphonuclear leukocytes, microabscesses, and
multinucleated giant cells may be presen
2. Treatment options for throm- smoking cessation most important!
boangiitis obliterans? cilostazol (PDE 3 inhibitor) has vasodilator properties (al-
leviated symptoms)
if raynauds also present, CCB (nifedipine)
3. what heart failure treatment pro- ACE inhibitors
vides a benefit of reduction in beta blockers can also reduce M&M
morbidity and mortality?
diuretics have no reduction in mortality
4. how would you manage a patient benzodiazepine early
with a MI in the setting of cocaine no beta blockers
use?
5. If PCI cannot be done for a STEMI fibrolytic therapy
patient within 120 minutes, what
should be done? then do PCI & coronary angiography when it can be done
ideally PCI is done within 90 minutes
fibrolytic therapy can be used up to 12 hours of symptoms
6. If you suspect an acute limb is- catheter-based arteriography (digital subtraction arteri-
chemia due to arterial embolism, ography) provides the most useful information. can also
what imaging should you get? help with treatment
, PAEA EOC 2025, PAEA SUMMATIVE PRACTICE, PHYSICIAN ASSISTANT EXA
EOC QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hg52j5
can help distinguish between thrombosis and embolus
7. where are arterial emboli often lower extremities more common than upper extremities
found?
The common femoral, common iliac, and popliteal artery
bifurcations are frequent locations
majority originate in the heart
fun fact: Compared with thromboemboli, atheroemboli
are less likely to produce symptoms of acute limb is-
chemia
8. how would you work up a patient 24-hour ambulatory monitoring (to ensure not white
with treatment resistant hyper- coat)
tension that you suspect a sec- medical hx (assess adherence to meds, other meds)
ondary cause? physical exam (look for abominal/renal bruits)
labs (electrolytes, glucose, creatinine, UA)
If pheo suspected: measure fractionated metanephrines
and catecholamines in a 24-hour urine collection
9. other than atherosclerosis lead- fibromuscular dysplasia (usually in a young pt)
ing to renal artery stenosis and
secondary HTN, what is another
causes of a renal-associated sec-
ondary HTN?
10. most important modifable risk smoking cessation!
factor for AAA?
11.
, PAEA EOC 2025, PAEA SUMMATIVE PRACTICE, PHYSICIAN ASSISTANT EXA
EOC QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hg52j5
when is it okay to do screening if AAA is <5.5 cm then annual screening with US is recom-
survelliance for AAA rather than mended. may need every 6 months if rapidly expanding
repair and how often should you or other concerns
screen?
12. how should you educate a patient Patients should be counseled that moderate physical ac-
with AAA on exercise? tivity such as running, biking, swimming, hiking, or sex-
ual activity and activities such as gardening, golfing, and
horseback riding do not precipitate AAA rupture
Moderate physical therapy may also limit aneurysm ex-
pansion. In experimental aneurysms, increased aortic
blood flow appears to inhibit AAA expansion
However, heavy lifting, especially while holding the
breath, and other activities that lead to Valsalva transiently
induce significant increases in blood pressure and should
be avoided
13. gold standard for dx renal artery renal arteriography
stenosis? what can be used to
monitor disease progression? But really a spiral CT angiography is very useful and prob-
ably more likely done first
duplex doppler US can be used to monitor disease pro-
gression
14. what are some symptoms of mi- various nonspecific symptoms such as palpitations, dysp-
tral valve prolapse syndrome? nea, exercise intolerance, anxiety disorders, and dizziness
15. since symptoms are relatively un- non-ejection click in systole
common, what physical exam
click is mobile, meaning its timing varies with maneuvers
, PAEA EOC 2025, PAEA SUMMATIVE PRACTICE, PHYSICIAN ASSISTANT EXA
EOC QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hg52j5
findings are associated with mi- that change the left ventricular volume, occurring earlier
tral valve prolapse? in systole with sitting, standing, or other interventions
that reduce ventricular size, or later with those interven-
tions that increase chamber size such as squatting
People with MVP tend to have lower BMIs
16. how would you distinguish va- quality of the CP is typically indistinguishable of the two
sospastic angina and angina as-
sociated with CAD? patients with vasospastic angina report that their
episodes are predominantly at rest and that many occur
from midnight to early morning, while effort tolerance is
usually preserved. CP generally lasts 5 to 15 minutes
Patients with vasospastic angina are often younger and
exhibit fewer classic cardiovascular risk factors and may
be associated with other vasospastic disorders, such as
Raynaud's phenomenon and migraine headache
Exercise does not usually provoke an episode of spasm
ECG may reveal transient ST-segment elevation or de-
pression in multiple lead but troponins will not be ele-
vated
17. where do karposi sarcoma le- often on distal extremities, such as lower legs and feet
sions typically occur? describe
their appearance. purplish, reddish blue, or dark brown/black macules,
plaques, and nodules on the skin. Nodular lesions may
ulcerate and bleed easily
common in poorly controlled HIV
