NURS 221 - Quiz 1| Questions with Correct Answers Verified by Experts| Latest Update
what are some special consideration for pharmacokinetics over different populations? pre-
pregnancy → exposure to drugs
prenatal → not given during first & last trimester, breastfeeding
pediatric → immature organs, disease susceptibility
older adults → aging, polypharmacy, adherence, diseases
polypharmacy combination of many drugs may affect the ability for drugs to become
effective
drug adherence confusion in regards to taking medication
pharmacodynamics study of what drug does to the body, mechanism of drug's action in
living tissue
what are the mechanisms of action of pharmacodynamics? receptors, enzymes, non-
selective
receptors reactive protein sites of cells in body that enable drug metabolites to get into
contact with cells
affinity degree of attachment of drug to receptor for greater response →
AGONIST/ANTAGONIST
agonist will amplify the effects of a drug
, antagonist will inhibit the effects of a drug
enzymes either inhibit or enhance body processes
non-selective disrupts actual disease-causing organism's structure/process, alters metabolic
process of organism
potency effectiveness of dosage/drug on patient
efficacy how well drug works to address treated condition
onset of action when drug begins to work addressing issue
duration of action how long drug's action lasts in patient
peak effect point that drug is most effective in patient
trough level concentration of drug right before next dose is administered
therapeutic index dosage that drug is effective for
effective dose amount of dose manufacturer says is effective
toxic dose dosage of medication that will be toxic for patient
what are some special consideration for pharmacokinetics over different populations? pre-
pregnancy → exposure to drugs
prenatal → not given during first & last trimester, breastfeeding
pediatric → immature organs, disease susceptibility
older adults → aging, polypharmacy, adherence, diseases
polypharmacy combination of many drugs may affect the ability for drugs to become
effective
drug adherence confusion in regards to taking medication
pharmacodynamics study of what drug does to the body, mechanism of drug's action in
living tissue
what are the mechanisms of action of pharmacodynamics? receptors, enzymes, non-
selective
receptors reactive protein sites of cells in body that enable drug metabolites to get into
contact with cells
affinity degree of attachment of drug to receptor for greater response →
AGONIST/ANTAGONIST
agonist will amplify the effects of a drug
, antagonist will inhibit the effects of a drug
enzymes either inhibit or enhance body processes
non-selective disrupts actual disease-causing organism's structure/process, alters metabolic
process of organism
potency effectiveness of dosage/drug on patient
efficacy how well drug works to address treated condition
onset of action when drug begins to work addressing issue
duration of action how long drug's action lasts in patient
peak effect point that drug is most effective in patient
trough level concentration of drug right before next dose is administered
therapeutic index dosage that drug is effective for
effective dose amount of dose manufacturer says is effective
toxic dose dosage of medication that will be toxic for patient
