Penn Foster Microbiology
Identifying bacterial pathogens - answer What is the primary purpose of veterinary
microbiology examinations?
width = 0.5-1micrometer
length = 2-5 micrometers - answer How big are bacteria seen in vet med?
6.5-7.5 - answerIn what PH range do most clinically significant bacterial species live?
Obligate aerobes - answerBacteria that require oxygen to live.
Facultative anaerobes - answerBacteria that can survive without oxygen, but whose
growth is limited.
Capnophilic bacteria - answerBacteria that require high levels of carbondioxide.
Obligate anaerobes - answerBacteria that cannot survive in the presence of oxygen.
Fastidious microbes. - answerBacteria with strict nutritional requirements
20-40 degrees celcius - answerNearly all bacteria that are pathogenic to animals grow
best in what temperature range?
Mesophiles - answerBacteria that prefer normal, moderate, temperatures (40-60
degrees celcius).
psychrophiles and thermophiles respectively - answerWhat do you call bacteria with low
or high temperature requirements (respectively).
Cocci (sing = coccus) - answerSpherical bacteria
Bacilli (sing = Bacillus) - answerRod shaped bacteria
Spirochetes - answerSpiral shaped bacteria
Streptococcus - answerWhat bacteria frequently occur in pairs or chains?
Staphylococcus - answerWhat bacteria form clusters?
1. Lag phase (adapting metabolism to media)
2. Exponential growth phase
3. Stationary phase (no growth)
, 4. death phase (logarithmic decline phase) - answerWhat are the phases of bacterial
growth that occur when bacterial cells colonize a media.
Yeast - answerWhat fungi are not multicellular?
Mycelium - answerA branching web of hyphae.
1. Basidiomycetes (mushrooms or club fungi)
2. Ascomycetes (cup fungi)
3. Ayzomycetes (molds)
4. Deuteromycetes (fungi in which no sexual stage occurs) - answerPathogenic fungal
organisms can be categorized into what 4 groups?
cytopathic effect - answerCharacteristic damage to cell cultures caused by a virus as it
invades tissue cells.
Lysis, fusing of cells into syncytiae (sheets) or "giant cells." Formation of inclusion
bodies. - answerName three cytopathic effects a virus might have on tissue cells.
T - answerT or F: All laboratory samples should be considered potentially zoonotic.
Disposable gloves - answerWhat PPE is always used in the laboratory?
An incubator - answerIn addition to a high quality microscope, what is a primary piece of
equipment needed by a microbiology laboratory.
Any solid or liquid substance that can support the growth of microorganisms. -
answerDefine culture medium
5-10 degrees celcius - answerAt what temperature should agar plates be kept for
maximum life?
1. transport media,
2. general purpose media
3. enriched media
4. selective media
5. differential media
6. enrichment media - answerWhat are the 6 general types of culture media?
Blood Agar - answerAn enriched medium that supports the growth of most bacterial
pathogens and is used as a differential medium because colonization by different
bacteria produces four distinct types of hemolysis.
Enriched media - answerBasic nutrient media such as blood agar and chocolate agar
with extra nutrients added to meed the requirements of fastidious pathogens.
Identifying bacterial pathogens - answer What is the primary purpose of veterinary
microbiology examinations?
width = 0.5-1micrometer
length = 2-5 micrometers - answer How big are bacteria seen in vet med?
6.5-7.5 - answerIn what PH range do most clinically significant bacterial species live?
Obligate aerobes - answerBacteria that require oxygen to live.
Facultative anaerobes - answerBacteria that can survive without oxygen, but whose
growth is limited.
Capnophilic bacteria - answerBacteria that require high levels of carbondioxide.
Obligate anaerobes - answerBacteria that cannot survive in the presence of oxygen.
Fastidious microbes. - answerBacteria with strict nutritional requirements
20-40 degrees celcius - answerNearly all bacteria that are pathogenic to animals grow
best in what temperature range?
Mesophiles - answerBacteria that prefer normal, moderate, temperatures (40-60
degrees celcius).
psychrophiles and thermophiles respectively - answerWhat do you call bacteria with low
or high temperature requirements (respectively).
Cocci (sing = coccus) - answerSpherical bacteria
Bacilli (sing = Bacillus) - answerRod shaped bacteria
Spirochetes - answerSpiral shaped bacteria
Streptococcus - answerWhat bacteria frequently occur in pairs or chains?
Staphylococcus - answerWhat bacteria form clusters?
1. Lag phase (adapting metabolism to media)
2. Exponential growth phase
3. Stationary phase (no growth)
, 4. death phase (logarithmic decline phase) - answerWhat are the phases of bacterial
growth that occur when bacterial cells colonize a media.
Yeast - answerWhat fungi are not multicellular?
Mycelium - answerA branching web of hyphae.
1. Basidiomycetes (mushrooms or club fungi)
2. Ascomycetes (cup fungi)
3. Ayzomycetes (molds)
4. Deuteromycetes (fungi in which no sexual stage occurs) - answerPathogenic fungal
organisms can be categorized into what 4 groups?
cytopathic effect - answerCharacteristic damage to cell cultures caused by a virus as it
invades tissue cells.
Lysis, fusing of cells into syncytiae (sheets) or "giant cells." Formation of inclusion
bodies. - answerName three cytopathic effects a virus might have on tissue cells.
T - answerT or F: All laboratory samples should be considered potentially zoonotic.
Disposable gloves - answerWhat PPE is always used in the laboratory?
An incubator - answerIn addition to a high quality microscope, what is a primary piece of
equipment needed by a microbiology laboratory.
Any solid or liquid substance that can support the growth of microorganisms. -
answerDefine culture medium
5-10 degrees celcius - answerAt what temperature should agar plates be kept for
maximum life?
1. transport media,
2. general purpose media
3. enriched media
4. selective media
5. differential media
6. enrichment media - answerWhat are the 6 general types of culture media?
Blood Agar - answerAn enriched medium that supports the growth of most bacterial
pathogens and is used as a differential medium because colonization by different
bacteria produces four distinct types of hemolysis.
Enriched media - answerBasic nutrient media such as blood agar and chocolate agar
with extra nutrients added to meed the requirements of fastidious pathogens.
