Reference Vocabulary
English for Business & Economics 1, 2021-22
Translation difficult words
UNIT 1 - EMPLOYMENT
To be in work To have a job
To be off work You’re still employed but you’re not working at
the moment
To be out of work Unemployed, having no work to do
Hands-on Doing something yourself rather than just
talking about it or telling other people to do it
In charge of To be responsible for something/someone
(To be made) redundant Your employer has no longer a job for you
Margin call (mardjin call) An occasion when investors who have
borrowed money to buy shares or other
investments must repay it, for example because
the value of their investments has gone down
Investment bank A bank that buys stocks and shares and then
sells them to members of the public + give
advice
Staff The people who work for an organization
Trading floor An area within an exchange or a bank or
securities house where dealers trade in shares
or other securities
To lay off/cut/let go/make redundant (zie boek To stop employing someone because there is no
p. 6-8) work for them to do
To quit / to resign To leave a job through your own choice
Risk manager/management A system to prevent dangerous accidents or
mistakes -> manager = person who deals with
this
Severance contract/package/offer An amount of money and other advantages
such as advice on finding a new job, that are
offered to an employee when a company tells
them to leave
To revoke To officially state that a law, decision, or
agreement is no longer effective (offer -> to
take back the offer, aanbod herroepen)
Precaution (prie kosjun) Something you do in order to prevent
something dangerous or unpleasant from
happening
Punitive Intended to punish someone
Junior/senior Junior = having a low rank in an organization or
profession / relating to a school for children
below the age of 11 (British) / relating to the
year before the final year of high school or
college (American)
, Senior = having a higher position, rank /
someone older / student in their last year of
high school or university (American)
HR The department that deals with employing,
training and helping people
Full employment When almost everyone in an area or country
who wants a job has one
Paid employment <-> self-employment
The state of working for others to get paid for
your services
Long-term/regular employment Long-term = indefinite (+- 2 years)
Regular = definite (5 to 10 years mostly)
Continuous employment A period of time when you work for a single
employer, and do not have a break to work for
another employer, go to college, etc.
To recruit / recruit To find new people to work in a company, do a
job, …
Recruit = someone who has recently joined an
organization, team, group of people, … (or who
has just joined the army, navy or air force)
To hire / a hire To employ someone
A hire = someone who starts to work for an
organization
Newfangled Recently designed or produced
Agility (a-dzjilitie) Able to move quickly and easily
To exude It is easy to see that you have a lot of it (a
quality)
A skill set All the different skills that are needed to do a
particular job
Dignity The ability to behave in a calm controlled way
even in a difficult situation / a calm and serious
quality
Latitude Freedom to choose what you do or say
Descriptive Giving a description of something / describing
how the words of a language are actually used
To push the envelope (anvelowp) To do something that is new/ to try to go
beyond the normal limits of something
Icebreaker Something that you say or do to make people
less nervous when they first meet
Portfolio worker A professional person who works for many
different companies or individuals (syn =
freelancer)
Profession A job that needs a high level of education and
training / used to talk about the people working
in a particular job, considered as separate
groups
Client Someone who pays for services or advice from a
professional person or organization (they know
your name and know you)
, <-> customer: someone who buys goods or
services from a shop, company, etc.
To carve out a niche (niesj) To create a secure position for yourself,
especially at work
Executive A manager in an organization or company who
helps make important decisions
Job-hopping When someone changes their job very often
Esoteric (iesoterik) Known and understood by only a few people
who have special knowledge about something
Realm A general area of knowledge, activity or thought
/ a country ruled b y a king or queen
Disparate (disparet) Consisting of things or people that are very
different and not related to each other
Prevalent Common at a particular time, in a particular
place, or among a particular group of people /
frequent or common in a particular situation
To forge To develop something new, especially a strong
relationship with other people, groups or
countries / to illegally copy something to make
people think that it is real / to move
somewhere or continue doing something in a
steady determined way
Gig economy A free and global market where companies and
contractors (independent workers) set short-
term and on-demand professional relationships
that are both flexible and skill-based (not
permanent jobs)
Remuneration The pay you give someone for something they
have done for you / payment for work +
additional benefits such as a car
Trainee Someone who is being trained for a job
To land a job To find a job and be hired
(Independent) contractor A person or company that agrees to do work or
provide goods for another company
To be kosher Honest, legal, really is what it claims to be
Pension plan An arrangement in which you pay money
regularly into a pension fund while you are
working, so that you will receive a pension
Freelancer Someone who works for different companies
rather than being employed by one particular
company
Labor lawyer A lawyer who represent both employers and
employees in disputes and negotiations
Revenue Money that a business or organization receives
over a period of time, especially from selling
goods or services
Cooperative (ko-operative) People working together / a business or
organization owned equally by all the people
working there
To dismiss To refuse to consider someone’s idea, opinion,
English for Business & Economics 1, 2021-22
Translation difficult words
UNIT 1 - EMPLOYMENT
To be in work To have a job
To be off work You’re still employed but you’re not working at
the moment
To be out of work Unemployed, having no work to do
Hands-on Doing something yourself rather than just
talking about it or telling other people to do it
In charge of To be responsible for something/someone
(To be made) redundant Your employer has no longer a job for you
Margin call (mardjin call) An occasion when investors who have
borrowed money to buy shares or other
investments must repay it, for example because
the value of their investments has gone down
Investment bank A bank that buys stocks and shares and then
sells them to members of the public + give
advice
Staff The people who work for an organization
Trading floor An area within an exchange or a bank or
securities house where dealers trade in shares
or other securities
To lay off/cut/let go/make redundant (zie boek To stop employing someone because there is no
p. 6-8) work for them to do
To quit / to resign To leave a job through your own choice
Risk manager/management A system to prevent dangerous accidents or
mistakes -> manager = person who deals with
this
Severance contract/package/offer An amount of money and other advantages
such as advice on finding a new job, that are
offered to an employee when a company tells
them to leave
To revoke To officially state that a law, decision, or
agreement is no longer effective (offer -> to
take back the offer, aanbod herroepen)
Precaution (prie kosjun) Something you do in order to prevent
something dangerous or unpleasant from
happening
Punitive Intended to punish someone
Junior/senior Junior = having a low rank in an organization or
profession / relating to a school for children
below the age of 11 (British) / relating to the
year before the final year of high school or
college (American)
, Senior = having a higher position, rank /
someone older / student in their last year of
high school or university (American)
HR The department that deals with employing,
training and helping people
Full employment When almost everyone in an area or country
who wants a job has one
Paid employment <-> self-employment
The state of working for others to get paid for
your services
Long-term/regular employment Long-term = indefinite (+- 2 years)
Regular = definite (5 to 10 years mostly)
Continuous employment A period of time when you work for a single
employer, and do not have a break to work for
another employer, go to college, etc.
To recruit / recruit To find new people to work in a company, do a
job, …
Recruit = someone who has recently joined an
organization, team, group of people, … (or who
has just joined the army, navy or air force)
To hire / a hire To employ someone
A hire = someone who starts to work for an
organization
Newfangled Recently designed or produced
Agility (a-dzjilitie) Able to move quickly and easily
To exude It is easy to see that you have a lot of it (a
quality)
A skill set All the different skills that are needed to do a
particular job
Dignity The ability to behave in a calm controlled way
even in a difficult situation / a calm and serious
quality
Latitude Freedom to choose what you do or say
Descriptive Giving a description of something / describing
how the words of a language are actually used
To push the envelope (anvelowp) To do something that is new/ to try to go
beyond the normal limits of something
Icebreaker Something that you say or do to make people
less nervous when they first meet
Portfolio worker A professional person who works for many
different companies or individuals (syn =
freelancer)
Profession A job that needs a high level of education and
training / used to talk about the people working
in a particular job, considered as separate
groups
Client Someone who pays for services or advice from a
professional person or organization (they know
your name and know you)
, <-> customer: someone who buys goods or
services from a shop, company, etc.
To carve out a niche (niesj) To create a secure position for yourself,
especially at work
Executive A manager in an organization or company who
helps make important decisions
Job-hopping When someone changes their job very often
Esoteric (iesoterik) Known and understood by only a few people
who have special knowledge about something
Realm A general area of knowledge, activity or thought
/ a country ruled b y a king or queen
Disparate (disparet) Consisting of things or people that are very
different and not related to each other
Prevalent Common at a particular time, in a particular
place, or among a particular group of people /
frequent or common in a particular situation
To forge To develop something new, especially a strong
relationship with other people, groups or
countries / to illegally copy something to make
people think that it is real / to move
somewhere or continue doing something in a
steady determined way
Gig economy A free and global market where companies and
contractors (independent workers) set short-
term and on-demand professional relationships
that are both flexible and skill-based (not
permanent jobs)
Remuneration The pay you give someone for something they
have done for you / payment for work +
additional benefits such as a car
Trainee Someone who is being trained for a job
To land a job To find a job and be hired
(Independent) contractor A person or company that agrees to do work or
provide goods for another company
To be kosher Honest, legal, really is what it claims to be
Pension plan An arrangement in which you pay money
regularly into a pension fund while you are
working, so that you will receive a pension
Freelancer Someone who works for different companies
rather than being employed by one particular
company
Labor lawyer A lawyer who represent both employers and
employees in disputes and negotiations
Revenue Money that a business or organization receives
over a period of time, especially from selling
goods or services
Cooperative (ko-operative) People working together / a business or
organization owned equally by all the people
working there
To dismiss To refuse to consider someone’s idea, opinion,
