NUR373
Healthcare Policy, Regulation &
Finance
Final Exam Review
(Questions & Solutions)
2025
1
, Section I – Multiple Choice (10 Questions)
1. Which federal program is the primary source of reimbursement for
seniors and certain disabled populations in the United States?
A. Medicaid
B. Medicare
C. Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP)
D. Veterans Health Administration (VHA)
ANS: B
Rationale: Medicare primarily reimburses healthcare services for
Americans aged 65 years and older and for some younger individuals
with disabilities. It plays a central role in healthcare finance.
2. The Affordable Care Act (ACA) introduced several reforms. Which of
the following provisions directly relates to expanding access to health
insurance?
A. The establishment of Accountable Care Organizations (ACOs)
B. The individual mandate
C. The implementation of bundled payments
D. The restructuring of hospital reimbursement rates
ANS: B
Rationale: The individual mandate required most Americans to
obtain health insurance, thereby expanding coverage access. Other
options relate to cost containment and quality improvement.
3. Which type of payment model is designed to reimburse providers for
the entire spectrum of care associated with a specific condition or
episode, rather than per service rendered?
A. Fee-for-service
B. Capitation
2
, C. Bundled payment
D. Pay-for-performance
ANS: C
Rationale: Bundled payments provide a single, comprehensive
reimbursement for all services related to an episode of care, encouraging
cost efficiency and care coordination.
4. In healthcare finance, “risk adjustment” is used primarily to:
A. Standardize the wages of healthcare professionals
B. Modify payments to reflect the health status and clinical risk of
patient populations
C. Adjust hospital budgets according to location
D. Increase reimbursement for elective procedures
ANS: B
Rationale: Risk adjustment ensures that providers who care for
sicker and higher‑risk populations are appropriately reimbursed, thus
supporting fairness in payment distribution.
5. Which regulatory agency is primarily responsible for overseeing the
safety and efficacy of pharmaceutical products in the United States?
A. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS)
B. Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA)
C. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
D. National Institutes of Health (NIH)
ANS: C
Rationale: The FDA regulates the development, approval, and post‐
market surveillance of pharmaceuticals and medical devices to ensure
safety and effectiveness.
6. The concept of “value‐based care” in healthcare aims to:
A. Increase the volume of services provided
B. Tie reimbursement to patient outcomes rather than service quantity
3
Healthcare Policy, Regulation &
Finance
Final Exam Review
(Questions & Solutions)
2025
1
, Section I – Multiple Choice (10 Questions)
1. Which federal program is the primary source of reimbursement for
seniors and certain disabled populations in the United States?
A. Medicaid
B. Medicare
C. Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP)
D. Veterans Health Administration (VHA)
ANS: B
Rationale: Medicare primarily reimburses healthcare services for
Americans aged 65 years and older and for some younger individuals
with disabilities. It plays a central role in healthcare finance.
2. The Affordable Care Act (ACA) introduced several reforms. Which of
the following provisions directly relates to expanding access to health
insurance?
A. The establishment of Accountable Care Organizations (ACOs)
B. The individual mandate
C. The implementation of bundled payments
D. The restructuring of hospital reimbursement rates
ANS: B
Rationale: The individual mandate required most Americans to
obtain health insurance, thereby expanding coverage access. Other
options relate to cost containment and quality improvement.
3. Which type of payment model is designed to reimburse providers for
the entire spectrum of care associated with a specific condition or
episode, rather than per service rendered?
A. Fee-for-service
B. Capitation
2
, C. Bundled payment
D. Pay-for-performance
ANS: C
Rationale: Bundled payments provide a single, comprehensive
reimbursement for all services related to an episode of care, encouraging
cost efficiency and care coordination.
4. In healthcare finance, “risk adjustment” is used primarily to:
A. Standardize the wages of healthcare professionals
B. Modify payments to reflect the health status and clinical risk of
patient populations
C. Adjust hospital budgets according to location
D. Increase reimbursement for elective procedures
ANS: B
Rationale: Risk adjustment ensures that providers who care for
sicker and higher‑risk populations are appropriately reimbursed, thus
supporting fairness in payment distribution.
5. Which regulatory agency is primarily responsible for overseeing the
safety and efficacy of pharmaceutical products in the United States?
A. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS)
B. Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA)
C. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
D. National Institutes of Health (NIH)
ANS: C
Rationale: The FDA regulates the development, approval, and post‐
market surveillance of pharmaceuticals and medical devices to ensure
safety and effectiveness.
6. The concept of “value‐based care” in healthcare aims to:
A. Increase the volume of services provided
B. Tie reimbursement to patient outcomes rather than service quantity
3
