BIO 250 Microbiology Final ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
Microbiology Final Bio250
COMPLETE SOLUTION GUIDE (A+ GRADED 100% VERIFIED) LATEST
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gqafyi
VERSION 2025!!
1. How do prokaryotes & eukaryotes dif- Prokaryotes have a true nucleus
fer?
2. Why are viruses not considered to be Need a host to be active
"alive"?
3. Bacteria vs. Archaea?
4. What is the theory that "all living things Cell Theory by Robert Hooke
are composed of cells"?
5. What 2 techniques did Pasteur con- Pasteuration and Aseptic Technique
tribute besides disproving sponta-
neous generation
6. Koch's Postulates (know what it is and
steps)
7. Who discovered vaccinations and
how?
8. What are 2 downsides to antibiotic Pathogens becomes resistant to a drug, and
overuse?
9. Compare flagella, fimbriae, and pile of Flagella long, a variable structure that allows bac-
prokaryotes. teria to move, Fimbriae shorter, numerous not all
bacteria have them, the primary use for attach-
ment.
10. How do gram positive and gram-negative bacteria differ?-
Gram-positive have a thicker wall, gram-negative
have smaller walls.
11. Diffusion vs. Osmosis
, Microbiology Final Bio250
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gqafyi
Movement of something more speading and the
movement of water.
12. Isotonic, Hypotonic, Hyperton- No movement of water, hypotonic water moving
ic—what does it mean, what happens in, hypertonic water moves out.
to a cell
13. Ribosomes function and differences Protein synthesis worker make protein.
among prokaryotes and eukaryotes
14. Outer sugar coat on cells (prokaryotes Glycocalyx, help with attachment, cell recognition
and eukaryotes have it)
15. What occurs in mitochondria? The powerhouse of cells conversion of the energy
of the food molecules to ATP
16. What is the endosymbiotic theory? Origins of organelles All eukaryotic cells are crea-
tine that is made up of the parts of other creatures
17. Week 2: Viruses & Cell Chemistry
18. Metabolically inert extracellular virus
particle:
19. What is a bacteriophage? Virus that affect and replicate with bacteria and
arachaea
20. Viruses vs bacteria
21. Protein coat of viruses; made up of Capsid
capsomeres:
22. Some animal viruses have a mem-
brane outside nucleocapsid:
, Microbiology Final Bio250
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gqafyi
23. Latent vs. persistent infection Persistent slow release of the virus without cell
death latent virus lays dormant until activated by
a stimulus
24. "naked" RNA; common in plants; caus- Viroids= short pieces of naked RNA, replicated
es disease: continuously by host RNA does not code for any
proteins, May cause disease by gene silence
25. Accumulated dysfunctional protein
that can cause disease:
26. When a genetic change occurs to allow Antigenic shift
an animal pathogen to infect humans:
27. Biological Macromolecules: Monomer,
polymer, function
28. Compare chemical bonds. Covalent is Sharing of E-, polar and non-polar,
Ionic give or take E-, hydrogen no sharing or
donating of E-
29. Know the anatomy of an atom
30. pH scale: determined by presence of H+ ion, above 7, and below 7
what ion? What is acidic? What is basic?
31. Week 3: Cellular Metabolism
32. Catabolic vs. Anabolic Build up and the breakdown
33. Enzyme function? speed up the rate of virtually all of the chemical
reactions that take place within cells.
34. Factors that influence enzyme activity?
Microbiology Final Bio250
COMPLETE SOLUTION GUIDE (A+ GRADED 100% VERIFIED) LATEST
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gqafyi
VERSION 2025!!
1. How do prokaryotes & eukaryotes dif- Prokaryotes have a true nucleus
fer?
2. Why are viruses not considered to be Need a host to be active
"alive"?
3. Bacteria vs. Archaea?
4. What is the theory that "all living things Cell Theory by Robert Hooke
are composed of cells"?
5. What 2 techniques did Pasteur con- Pasteuration and Aseptic Technique
tribute besides disproving sponta-
neous generation
6. Koch's Postulates (know what it is and
steps)
7. Who discovered vaccinations and
how?
8. What are 2 downsides to antibiotic Pathogens becomes resistant to a drug, and
overuse?
9. Compare flagella, fimbriae, and pile of Flagella long, a variable structure that allows bac-
prokaryotes. teria to move, Fimbriae shorter, numerous not all
bacteria have them, the primary use for attach-
ment.
10. How do gram positive and gram-negative bacteria differ?-
Gram-positive have a thicker wall, gram-negative
have smaller walls.
11. Diffusion vs. Osmosis
, Microbiology Final Bio250
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gqafyi
Movement of something more speading and the
movement of water.
12. Isotonic, Hypotonic, Hyperton- No movement of water, hypotonic water moving
ic—what does it mean, what happens in, hypertonic water moves out.
to a cell
13. Ribosomes function and differences Protein synthesis worker make protein.
among prokaryotes and eukaryotes
14. Outer sugar coat on cells (prokaryotes Glycocalyx, help with attachment, cell recognition
and eukaryotes have it)
15. What occurs in mitochondria? The powerhouse of cells conversion of the energy
of the food molecules to ATP
16. What is the endosymbiotic theory? Origins of organelles All eukaryotic cells are crea-
tine that is made up of the parts of other creatures
17. Week 2: Viruses & Cell Chemistry
18. Metabolically inert extracellular virus
particle:
19. What is a bacteriophage? Virus that affect and replicate with bacteria and
arachaea
20. Viruses vs bacteria
21. Protein coat of viruses; made up of Capsid
capsomeres:
22. Some animal viruses have a mem-
brane outside nucleocapsid:
, Microbiology Final Bio250
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gqafyi
23. Latent vs. persistent infection Persistent slow release of the virus without cell
death latent virus lays dormant until activated by
a stimulus
24. "naked" RNA; common in plants; caus- Viroids= short pieces of naked RNA, replicated
es disease: continuously by host RNA does not code for any
proteins, May cause disease by gene silence
25. Accumulated dysfunctional protein
that can cause disease:
26. When a genetic change occurs to allow Antigenic shift
an animal pathogen to infect humans:
27. Biological Macromolecules: Monomer,
polymer, function
28. Compare chemical bonds. Covalent is Sharing of E-, polar and non-polar,
Ionic give or take E-, hydrogen no sharing or
donating of E-
29. Know the anatomy of an atom
30. pH scale: determined by presence of H+ ion, above 7, and below 7
what ion? What is acidic? What is basic?
31. Week 3: Cellular Metabolism
32. Catabolic vs. Anabolic Build up and the breakdown
33. Enzyme function? speed up the rate of virtually all of the chemical
reactions that take place within cells.
34. Factors that influence enzyme activity?
