BSN 315 HESI RN Specialty Pharmacology Exam V1 (Latest
Update) Questions with Verified Answers |
100% Correct | Grade A – Nightingale.
1. A patient taking digoxin reports nausea and blurred vision. What should the
nurse do first?
Assess the patient’s apical pulse and serum potassium level
Digoxin toxicity presents with GI and visual symptoms, and
hypokalemia increases risk.
2. Which lab value should be monitored closely when a patient is receiving
furosemide?
Potassium
Furosemide is a loop diuretic that causes potassium loss, risking
hypokalemia.
3. A nurse is administering morphine IV. What is the most important
assessment?
Respiratory rate
Morphine can cause respiratory depression; monitor for rates <12
breaths/min.
4. A client receiving warfarin has an INR of 4.2. What is the priority action?
Hold the next dose and notify the healthcare provider
, INR above therapeutic range increases bleeding risk; holding and
reporting is safest.
5. What is a common side effect of lisinopril?
Persistent dry cough
ACE inhibitors often cause a dry cough due to bradykinin
accumulation.
6. The nurse knows that vancomycin is best administered how to reduce
nephrotoxicity?
Slow IV infusion over 60–90 minutes
Rapid infusion increases the risk of nephrotoxicity and Red Man
Syndrome.
7. A patient on gentamicin should be monitored for which adverse effect?
Ototoxicity
Aminoglycosides can damage cranial nerve VIII, causing hearing
loss.
8. Which statement indicates understanding of metformin therapy?
"I will take this medication with meals to reduce stomach upset."
Metformin should be taken with food to reduce GI side effects like
diarrhea.
9. Which of the following drugs requires peak and trough levels?
Gentamicin
, Aminoglycosides have a narrow therapeutic range; peaks and
troughs prevent toxicity.
10.What is the antidote for heparin overdose?
Protamine sulfate
Protamine neutralizes heparin to prevent or control bleeding.
11.Which side effect is associated with levothyroxine?
Tachycardia
Excess dosing may lead to symptoms of hyperthyroidism, including
rapid heart rate.
12.What is the action of omeprazole?
Suppresses gastric acid secretion
PPIs like omeprazole block acid production to treat GERD or ulcers.
13.A patient taking prednisone for a long time is at risk for:
Osteoporosis
Chronic corticosteroid use leaches calcium from bones, weakening
them.
14.Why should tetracycline not be given with milk?
It binds with calcium and reduces absorption
Dairy products inhibit tetracycline absorption in the GI tract.
15.A nurse instructs a patient on nitroglycerin sublingual tabs. Which
statement is correct?
, "I can take one tablet every 5 minutes for up to three doses."
This is the standard emergency dose protocol for chest pain.
16.What lab should be monitored for a patient on atorvastatin?
Liver enzymes
Statins can cause hepatotoxicity; monitor ALT and AST.
17.Which medication is a beta blocker?
Metoprolol
Metoprolol slows heart rate and reduces BP; used for hypertension
and angina.
18.What is an early sign of lithium toxicity?
Tremors
Fine hand tremors can signal lithium levels are too high.
19.Which instruction is correct when taking alendronate?
Take with water and remain upright for 30 minutes
Reduces risk of esophageal irritation and improves absorption.
20.What is the primary side effect of opioid analgesics?
Constipation
Opioids decrease GI motility, commonly leading to constipation.
21.What is the primary concern for a patient taking clopidogrel?
Bleeding
As an antiplatelet agent, it increases risk of bleeding and bruising.
Update) Questions with Verified Answers |
100% Correct | Grade A – Nightingale.
1. A patient taking digoxin reports nausea and blurred vision. What should the
nurse do first?
Assess the patient’s apical pulse and serum potassium level
Digoxin toxicity presents with GI and visual symptoms, and
hypokalemia increases risk.
2. Which lab value should be monitored closely when a patient is receiving
furosemide?
Potassium
Furosemide is a loop diuretic that causes potassium loss, risking
hypokalemia.
3. A nurse is administering morphine IV. What is the most important
assessment?
Respiratory rate
Morphine can cause respiratory depression; monitor for rates <12
breaths/min.
4. A client receiving warfarin has an INR of 4.2. What is the priority action?
Hold the next dose and notify the healthcare provider
, INR above therapeutic range increases bleeding risk; holding and
reporting is safest.
5. What is a common side effect of lisinopril?
Persistent dry cough
ACE inhibitors often cause a dry cough due to bradykinin
accumulation.
6. The nurse knows that vancomycin is best administered how to reduce
nephrotoxicity?
Slow IV infusion over 60–90 minutes
Rapid infusion increases the risk of nephrotoxicity and Red Man
Syndrome.
7. A patient on gentamicin should be monitored for which adverse effect?
Ototoxicity
Aminoglycosides can damage cranial nerve VIII, causing hearing
loss.
8. Which statement indicates understanding of metformin therapy?
"I will take this medication with meals to reduce stomach upset."
Metformin should be taken with food to reduce GI side effects like
diarrhea.
9. Which of the following drugs requires peak and trough levels?
Gentamicin
, Aminoglycosides have a narrow therapeutic range; peaks and
troughs prevent toxicity.
10.What is the antidote for heparin overdose?
Protamine sulfate
Protamine neutralizes heparin to prevent or control bleeding.
11.Which side effect is associated with levothyroxine?
Tachycardia
Excess dosing may lead to symptoms of hyperthyroidism, including
rapid heart rate.
12.What is the action of omeprazole?
Suppresses gastric acid secretion
PPIs like omeprazole block acid production to treat GERD or ulcers.
13.A patient taking prednisone for a long time is at risk for:
Osteoporosis
Chronic corticosteroid use leaches calcium from bones, weakening
them.
14.Why should tetracycline not be given with milk?
It binds with calcium and reduces absorption
Dairy products inhibit tetracycline absorption in the GI tract.
15.A nurse instructs a patient on nitroglycerin sublingual tabs. Which
statement is correct?
, "I can take one tablet every 5 minutes for up to three doses."
This is the standard emergency dose protocol for chest pain.
16.What lab should be monitored for a patient on atorvastatin?
Liver enzymes
Statins can cause hepatotoxicity; monitor ALT and AST.
17.Which medication is a beta blocker?
Metoprolol
Metoprolol slows heart rate and reduces BP; used for hypertension
and angina.
18.What is an early sign of lithium toxicity?
Tremors
Fine hand tremors can signal lithium levels are too high.
19.Which instruction is correct when taking alendronate?
Take with water and remain upright for 30 minutes
Reduces risk of esophageal irritation and improves absorption.
20.What is the primary side effect of opioid analgesics?
Constipation
Opioids decrease GI motility, commonly leading to constipation.
21.What is the primary concern for a patient taking clopidogrel?
Bleeding
As an antiplatelet agent, it increases risk of bleeding and bruising.
