IntroductIon to PsychologIcal
scIence exam QuestIons and
100% correct answers 2025
psychology - Correct Answer the scientific study of thinking, emotion, and behavior
thoughtful rationale - Correct Answer set of related ideas that are supposed to explain and/or predict
operationalize constructs - Correct Answer to state exactly how you will measure the phenomena of
interest
reliability - Correct Answer the tendency for a measure to produce the same result whenever it is used
to measure the same thing (measuring the thing correctly)
validity - Correct Answer the tendency for a measure to accurately capture what it intends to measure
(measuring the correct thing)
hypothesis - Correct Answer a specific concrete idea to examine
dogmatikos - Correct Answer doctors who practiced from theory only assertions of opinions as truth
empirikos - Correct Answer doctors who practiced from observations first; when their theories conflicted
with observations, they changed their theories
dogmatism - Correct Answer assertions of opinions as truth
empiricism - Correct Answer the quest for accurate knowledge of the world through observations of it
, scientific method - Correct Answer a set of rules and techniques for observation that allow observers to
avoid illusions, mistakes, and erroneous conclusions that simple observation can produce
sample - Correct Answer the partial collection of subjects or events that is measured
population - Correct Answer the complete collection of objects or events that might be measured
law of large numbers - Correct Answer a law that states as sample size increases, the attributes of the
sample more closely reflect the attributes of the population from which the sample was drawn
random sampling - Correct Answer each member of the population has an equal chance of being
selected
stratified sampling - Correct Answer identified subgroups in the population are represented
proportionally in the sample
independent variable - Correct Answer experimenter controls this and knows the value before the
experiment starts
dependent variable - Correct Answer want to know how the independent variable affects it and the
experimenter does not know the value before the experiment
experimental group - Correct Answer receives the experimental treatment
control group - Correct Answer baseline group for comparison, may receive no treatment or may receive
some comparison treatment
confounding variables - Correct Answer other factors that may have caused the differences between the
experimental and control groups
random assignment - Correct Answer assigning people to experimental or control groups randomly
scIence exam QuestIons and
100% correct answers 2025
psychology - Correct Answer the scientific study of thinking, emotion, and behavior
thoughtful rationale - Correct Answer set of related ideas that are supposed to explain and/or predict
operationalize constructs - Correct Answer to state exactly how you will measure the phenomena of
interest
reliability - Correct Answer the tendency for a measure to produce the same result whenever it is used
to measure the same thing (measuring the thing correctly)
validity - Correct Answer the tendency for a measure to accurately capture what it intends to measure
(measuring the correct thing)
hypothesis - Correct Answer a specific concrete idea to examine
dogmatikos - Correct Answer doctors who practiced from theory only assertions of opinions as truth
empirikos - Correct Answer doctors who practiced from observations first; when their theories conflicted
with observations, they changed their theories
dogmatism - Correct Answer assertions of opinions as truth
empiricism - Correct Answer the quest for accurate knowledge of the world through observations of it
, scientific method - Correct Answer a set of rules and techniques for observation that allow observers to
avoid illusions, mistakes, and erroneous conclusions that simple observation can produce
sample - Correct Answer the partial collection of subjects or events that is measured
population - Correct Answer the complete collection of objects or events that might be measured
law of large numbers - Correct Answer a law that states as sample size increases, the attributes of the
sample more closely reflect the attributes of the population from which the sample was drawn
random sampling - Correct Answer each member of the population has an equal chance of being
selected
stratified sampling - Correct Answer identified subgroups in the population are represented
proportionally in the sample
independent variable - Correct Answer experimenter controls this and knows the value before the
experiment starts
dependent variable - Correct Answer want to know how the independent variable affects it and the
experimenter does not know the value before the experiment
experimental group - Correct Answer receives the experimental treatment
control group - Correct Answer baseline group for comparison, may receive no treatment or may receive
some comparison treatment
confounding variables - Correct Answer other factors that may have caused the differences between the
experimental and control groups
random assignment - Correct Answer assigning people to experimental or control groups randomly
